EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF AERODYNAMIC INTERACTION EFFECT OF ROTOR WAKE ON FUSELAGE OF HELICOPTER

The aerodynamic interaction effect of rotorwake on fuselage isan importantproblem in designof helicopter. It affects flight performance,equi-librium,control stabilization and vibrational level.The developing trend of modern helicopter is thatthe size is towards more compact and the load ofrotor disk is towards heavier. The load of rotordisk is about 2 0 kg/ m2 in the 5 0 s,but for modernhelicopter it is up to about 5 0 kg/ m2 . Therefore,the strong rotor wake impacting the closerfuselageand t…     

Investigation of Vortex Interaction in Canard-FSW Configurations Based on the Numerical Wind Tunnel Method

The vortex interference mechanism on low Reynolds number between the canard and main wing of the canard-forward sweep wing (Canard-FSW) configurations is simulated numerically by employing the numerical wind tunnel method. The variations of aerodynamic characteristics of Canard-FSW configurations with different positions of the canard are investigated, finding that the aerodynamic interference and mutual coupling effect between the canard and main wing have made great contributions to the lift and stability characteristics of the whole aircraft. Canard can radically improve the surface flow pattern of the main wing. And its own vortex can have a favorable interference on the main wing and can effectively control the airflow boundary layer separation. At small angles of attack, the aerodynamic characteristics are sensitive to the positions of the canard and the main wing, but at high angles of attack, the aerodynamic performances of the configuration are not only related to the shape of the canard (forward or backward), but also with the size of control force as well as the features of the vortices generated above the main wing and the canard. The different configurations and vortices are illustrated using the velocity vector, streamlines and pressure contours.     

小型预燃室周向燃油喷射旋流扩散燃烧的数值模拟

针对航空发动机燃烧室采用高温空气燃烧技术时的高温贫氧空气来源问题,设计了一个基于周向燃油喷射扩散旋流燃烧的新概念小型预燃室,并就周向燃油喷管的布置方式对小型预燃室内旋流燃烧状态的影响进行了数值研究.CFD数值模拟结果表明,当燃油喷管与法向夹角为30°～45°、余气系数为1～1.23时,小型燃烧室内产生稳定、壁面温度分布合理的旋流扩散燃烧.获得了具有合理出口温度分布、速度分布和氧浓度分布的高温贫氧空气.该预燃室为发动机燃烧室使用高温空气燃烧技术提供了条件.     

共轴双旋翼非定常流场干扰特性

直升机共轴双旋翼相遇过程的非定常气动干扰在其周期性干扰中最为强烈。为了研究该过程中的干扰特征,建立了一个基于非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程的气动干扰数值方法,双旋翼的反转运动采用运动嵌套网格进行模拟。为了探究双旋翼相遇时的气动干扰机理,以两个相对运动的双翼型系统来模拟双旋翼特定展向截面的非定常相遇过程。分析了双旋翼和双翼型相遇时的气动特性和流场特征,并对双翼型系统进行了参数影响研究,结果表明:双旋翼上下桨叶相遇时,上下旋翼拉力均会出现先增后减的变化趋势且波动幅值分别为其对应总拉力的30%和22%,双翼型系统的升力波动趋势与之相似;间距增大使上下翼型间的气动干扰减小,且上下翼型升力波动对间距变化的敏感时间不同;翼型相对厚度增大使双翼型升力波动幅值增大,并出现二次波动;有附加来流时,相对来流速度较小的翼型升力波动的幅值与范围更大。      

矩方法及其在水凝结研究中的应用与发展

矩方法(Method of Moments,MOM),又可以称作内部坐标矩方法,通过求解液滴尺寸分布函数对内部坐标的各阶矩的输运方程,反映粒子数量及尺寸分布的演化。在各种有关伴随凝结流动的数值方法中,矩方法兼顾了计算效率和液滴分布信息,因此被广泛应用于水凝结的研究。本文首先介绍了经典矩方法,综述了矩方法的最新发展。然后应用经典凝结矩方法,研究了伴随同质凝结的Prandtl-Meyer膨胀流动问题,计算发现随着来流水蒸气饱和度的提高,凝结诱导的激波由定常状态向非定常状态转变,出现自激振荡现象;进一步,将经典凝结矩方法推广到异质凝结领域。通过引入"瞬间活化"假设,简化了异质成核模型,将此方法应用到伴随异质凝结的激波管问题中,进行了参数研究,加深了对异质凝结和流动相互作用的认识;最后针对经典矩方法无法处理相间相互作用的问题,将经典矩方法中的矩方程改写为基于液相平均速度的形式,发展了一套考虑相间质量、动量、能量交换的矩方法,应用此方法研究了伴随同质凝结的旋涡运动问题,分析了旋涡中凝结的产生过程,以及凝结与流动相互作用对液相分布的影响,计算结果显示了凝结生成的液滴在离心力作用下离开旋涡中心的现象。     

跨声叶栅角区激波/附面层干扰的开槽控制措施

提出了使用叶根槽作为一种被动控制手段来控制跨声叶栅的角区分离问题.在压力面与吸力面的压差作用下,叶根槽可产生自发射流,为叶栅吸力面侧角区注入高能流体,从而控制跨声叶栅的角区分离问题.通过数值模拟的方法分析了在不同攻角下叶根槽对压气机叶栅性能的影响及作用机理.结果 表明:在小攻角下,叶根槽射流可破坏角区环形涡,从而有效减...     

二维超／高超声速进气道流场数值模拟

对超／高超声速三级压缩进气道流场进行了数值模拟,来流马赫数为4、6,进气道内流动为层流状态,根据二维Navier-Stokes方程,采用二阶精度Roe格式进行离散。按照流场特点,合理地设计网格分布及调整不同黏性范围的熵修正,防止了壁面附近过大的数值耗散,使计算结果更加合理。在进气道模型的各级压缩折转角处,获得了清晰的激波结构,在进气道内部的各种波系的相交、反射和激波诱导的边界层分离等现象都得到合理的描述。计算得到的压力分布,在各级压缩斜板上同简单波理论结果十分接近。用本文方法计算了另一个二级压缩进气道,沿上、下壁面的压力分布与试验比较符合得较好。     

管道轴向流固耦合振动的行波方法研究

基于梁模型,考虑泊松耦合与连接件耦合的影响,研究了输流管道轴向振动的波传播方程及节点散射模型,在此基础上提出了行波法分析管道流固耦合振动。以轴向位移为基本变量,推导了输流管道轴向振动的波导方程;通过节点散射模型,组集了管道流固耦合的动力学模型,在此基础上,研究了管道在几种不同边界条件约束下,泊松耦合、连接耦合对管道振动的影响。文中算例表明行波法具有建模简单且数值精度高的特点,可以应用到复杂管道的建模与控制中。     

Numerical analysis of broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge

Large Eddy Simulation(LES) is performed to investigate the airfoil broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge under anisotropic incoming turbulence. The anisotropic incoming turbulence is generated by a rod with a diameter of 10 mm. The incoming flow velocity is 40 m/s and the corresponding Reynolds numbers based on airfoil chord and rod diameter are about 397000 and 26000, respectively. The far-field acoustic field is predicted using an acoustic analogy method which has been validated by the experiment. A straight leading edge airfoil and a wavy leading edge airfoil are simulated. The results show that wavy leading edge increases the airfoil lift and drag whereas the lift and drag fluctuations are substantially reduced. In addition, wavy leading edge can significantly change the flow pattern around the leading edge and a pair of counter-rotating streamwise vortices stemming from each wavy leading edge peak are observed.An averaged noise reduction of 9.5 dB is observed with the wavy leading edge at the azimuthal angle of 90°. Moreover, the wavy leading edge can mitigate noise radiation at all the azimuthal angles without significantly changing the noise directivity. The underlying noise reduction mechanisms are then analyzed in detail.     

机载大屏幕显示器红外触摸组件设计

根据机载设备人机交互需求,设计了机载大屏幕显示器的红外触摸组件。采用了双向红外收发、动态地址扫描、环境光强扫描、多点触摸扫描等技术,组件具有高分辨率、高精度、高可靠性、抗强光直射干扰、支持多点触控等特点。测试结果表明,该组件性能指标完全满足机载大屏幕显示器的人机交互需求。