Optimization of geosynchronous satellite constellation for independent regional navigation and positioning in Middle East region

Regional Navigation and positioning systems using geosynchronous satellites are emerging for different parts of the world. Optimal constellation geometry achievement for a set of geosynchronous satellites is a key sector in designing of such systems. Genetic algorithm is applied for optimization of constellations with 6 and 7 satellites which is to be used in Middle East region where these systems have been deprived of. Based on the fact that the coverage criterion is not sufficient enough to guarantee a good navigation service, positioning process by the satellite systems is discussed and the performance of the system on the basis of position dilution of precision is collected as the fitness criterion. Placing the satellites in groups to pass over the same ground track is applied as a constraint to the genetic algorithm. By simulation, performance of the best obtained results and GPS are compared in terms of position dilution of precision, visibility and the required epochs (time span) to resolve the ambiguities with a 99% success rate, in this region. Also, capability of the GA for such problems is demonstrated.     

On the large-scale structure of the tail current as measured by THEMIS

The magnetic field structure and the spatial characteristics of the large-scale currents in the magnetospheric tail were studied during quiet and moderately disturbed geomagnetic conditions in 2009. The magnetic field of the currents other than the tail current was calculated in terms of a paraboloid model of the Earth’s magnetosphere, A2000, and was subtracted from measurements. It was found on the base of obtained tail current magnetic field radial distribution that the inner edge of the tail current sheet is located in the night side magnetosphere, at distances of about 10 R_E and of about 7 R_E during quiet and disturbed periods respectively. During the disturbance of February 14, 2009 (Dst_min ∼ −35 nT), the B_x and the B_z component of the tail current magnetic field near its inner edge were about 60 nT, and −60 nT that means that strong cross-tail current have been developed. The tail current parameters at different time moments during February 14, 2009 have been estimated. Solar wind conditions during this event were consistent with those during moderate magnetic storms with minimum Dst of about −100 nT. However, the magnetospheric current systems (magnetopause and cross-tail currents) were located at larger geocentric distances than typical during the 2009 extremely quiet epoch and did not provide the expected Dst magnitude. Very small disturbance on the Earth’s surface was detected consistent with an “inflated” magnetosphere.     

基于模型的系统工程方法在载人航天任务中的应用探讨

针对基于文档的航天任务设计中设计数据分散、一致性差、跟踪难度大等问题,引入了基于模型的系统工程(MBSE)方法。首先,介绍了MBSE方法理念,即通过构建图形化的模型来支持系统的需求捕获、设计、分析、验证和确认等全生命周期活动。然后,给出了MBSE方法的一般工作流程,即先构建系统的需求模型,用于指导功能模型、物理架构模型等的构建,按照事先制定好的逻辑规则建立模型间的关系,依靠模型间的关系实现设计过程中的关联性分析、参数查询等工作。最后,应用MBSE方法于载人飞船交会对接任务中。结果表明,此方法改善了人员沟通,提高了设计效率,降低了设计风险,可为MBSE方法在航天任务设计中的进一步应用提供参考。     

捷联式天线稳定平台动力学建模与仿真分析

对于体积有限制的战术导弹应用,导引头天线伺服系统的体积受到严格限制,传统的速率陀螺稳定平台的应用受到挑战,为此提出采用捷联稳定方式来解决视线稳定问题.根据弹载捷联式天线平台的结构特点及稳定原理,应用坐标变换方法,完整地建立了两自由度捷联式天线平台的运动学与动力学模型.通过分析平台框架运动学耦合关系,表明捷联稳定方式与速率陀螺稳定方式的基本区别在于信息的获取和控制方式上,速率陀螺稳定方式是一种直接硬件稳定方法,而捷联稳定方式是一种软件补偿方法.在此基础上,对框架动力学耦合特性进行了数值仿真,结果表明:弹体对框架的耦合较强,需要进行弹体解耦,而框架之间的交叉耦合相对较弱,实际设计时可以忽略.所得结果为进一步研究捷联式天线稳定平台提供了理论基础,也为小型化导引头视线稳定平台系统的工程设计提供了一种解决方案.     

风切变场中直升机前飞状态动态响应

为解决复杂风切变场中直升机运动的数值仿真,把握非线性直升机模型在风场中的响应特性,建立了一维、二维的风切变模型,采用直升机非线性飞行动力学模型,考虑直升机的控制系统,用四阶龙格－库塔法数值仿真直升机在风场中的前飞运动.对水平风和铅垂风的各个梯度场对响应的影响进行比较.结果表明,水平风和铅垂风的各个梯度场对响应的影响是不同的,此研究中二维空间的组合梯度场构成更为危险的飞行环境;在不同的情况下其作用是不可忽略的,尤其注意在低空飞行状态下对直升机飞行性能的影响.也进一步说明此数值仿真法对非线性直升机模型在复杂风场中响应研究实用有效.     

离散广义Markov跳变系统的镇定性

针对转移概率部分未知情况下的离散时间广义Markov跳变系统,研究了系统的稳定性和镇定性。转移概率部分未知的情况包含了转移概率完全已知和完全未知两种特殊情况,具有更广泛的实际意义。首先利用线性矩阵不等式方法,将离散Markov跳变系统的结论推广到离散广义Markov跳变系统,提出了使开环系统随机稳定的充分条件;在此基础上,进一步提出了闭环系统可镇定的判据,并表示为线性矩阵不等式形式;最后,通过仿真算例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

具侧向脉冲力制导炮弹的非线性稳定性分析

研究了制导炮弹受侧向脉冲推力作用后处于大攻角情况下的非线性运动稳定性问题.应用首次积分描述了弹丸的运动方程,得到了描述攻角余弦变化的多项式,通过对多项式的分析将弹丸角运动稳定性的问题转化为求解多项式的负根问题,最后运用霍尔维茨定理给出了弹丸非线性运动稳定的充分条件,为非线性运动条件下弹丸的飞行形态的预测、脉冲执行机构的设计等问题提供了一定的理论依据.      

Universal scaling laws for fully-developed magnetic field turbulence near and far upstream of the Earth’s bow shock

We analyze the multifractal scaling of the modulus of the interplanetary magnetic field near and far upstream of the Earth’s bow shock, measured by Cluster and ACE, respectively, from 1 to 3 February 2002. The maximum order of the structure function is carefully estimated for each time series using two different techniques, to ensure the validity of our high-order statistics. The first technique consists of plotting the integrand of the pth order structure function, and the second technique is a quantitative method which relies on the power-law scaling of the extreme events. We compare the scaling exponents computed from the structure functions of magnetic field differences with the predictions obtained by the She–Lévêque model of intermittency in anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Our results show a good agreement between the model and the observations near and far upstream of the Earth’s bow shock, rendering support for the modelling of universal scaling laws based on the Kolmogorov phenomenology in the presence of sheet-like dissipative structures.     

综合模块化航空电子系统节能分层调度的设计(英文)

近年来,综合模块化航空电子(Integrated Modular Avionics,IMA)构架逐渐流行,并通过引入资源分区的概念取代了传统的联合式系统构架。研究了IMA构架下分层调度的设计问题。调度模型通过强时间分区,使多个强实时应用方便地集成在一个单处理器平台。推导出分区周期、分区系数以及可调度性在实时条件下的数学关系,并提出了分区参数的优化算法。考虑具有任意时限的实时任务模型,提高了算法的通用性。在分层调度的基础上,通过有效利用松弛时间,提出一种能量优化方法,进一步减少了飞行器上嵌入式系统的能耗。实验结果表明,本文提出的系统设计方法在保证硬实时需求的基础上,有效的降低能耗达 14%。     

面向重心变化的自适应飞行控制系统设计

重心的变化直接影响飞机本身的控制特性,使得控制系统设计更为复杂.针对已有方法模型依赖性强、鲁棒性差的局限性,提出了一种面向重心变化的非线性自适应飞行控制系统设计方法.该方法基于逆动力学理论和重心在线估计系统设计标称控制律,在此基础上引入自适应滑模控制单元来构建自适应补偿控制律,其中滑模控制用于保证控制的鲁棒性和稳定性,而自适应单元则通过对模型不确定性和重心估计误差的估计及补偿提高控制的适应性和控制性能.结合Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了闭环系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明:该方法能有效地实现对系统未知不确定因素的补偿,具有较强的鲁棒性.