基于星敏感器的卫星角速度估计精度分析

重点研究星敏感器自身特性对角速度估计精度的影响,分析了星敏感器动态情况下恒星矢量测量精度,推导出恒星矢量测量误差与星像目标中心提取误差之间的关系;进而研究了最小二乘角速度估计算法的精度,得出其精度影响因素:星像目标中心提取误差、曝光时间、恒星矢量数目及相互夹角;最后以给定的星敏感器参数和实际恒星分布进行数学仿真,验证了采用星敏感器估计角速度的可行性.     

控制器非线性对飞机纵向飞行品质的影响分析

针对飞机控制系统执行机构具有非线性这一特点,选用某歼击机作为研究对象,分析各类非线性环节对飞机纵向短周期特性的影响。首先分析了死区、间隙和速率饱和等非线性环节的基本特性,建立了相应的包含非线性环节的飞行动力学模型,然后,基于Chalk准则计算不同非线性参数下的飞行品质指标,进行飞行品质评价。通过对不同飞控系统构型的对比研究,探讨了执行机构非线性对飞行品质的影响。研究结果表明,各非线性环节都将对系统的快速性产生不利影响,使系统有效上升时间增加,相位延迟增加。其中,间隙还会造成系统阻尼减小,可导致系统不稳并出现极限环振荡。     

通气量对超空泡生成与维持影响实验研究

为获得通气超空泡生成和维持的通气流量设计依据,在西北工业大学高速水洞进行了带圆盘空化器航行体多种工况下通气流量对超空泡生成和维持影响的实验研究.实验结果表明:生成给定通气超空泡形态的临界通气流量与维持相应空泡形态的临界通气流量相差很大,但二者随自然空化数的变化规律相同;在保证生成稳定超空泡前提下,空泡生成相对速度和相对时间随通气流量的增大出现相反的变化趋势,且空泡生成速度与航行体速度相差较大.实验显示空泡生成速度是航行体速度的0.015~0.28倍.该研究结论将为进一步研究自由航行超空泡航行体的通气流量设计提供参考.     

人民币均衡汇率和汇率失调——基于货币分析模型

在货币分析框架下建立实际汇率的决定模型,确定决定均衡实际汇率的因素为国内外相对货币供给量、相对国民收入和相对利率。基于理论模型,选取1994年1季度到2012年2季度的数据进行实证检验并测算人民币均衡实际汇率和失调幅度。结果表明,人民币实际汇率在样本期内呈现高估和低估交替,且具有一定的修复调节机制,总体未显著偏离均衡水平,不存在大幅低估。因此,我国应继续坚持"自主性"的人民币汇率形成机制改革。     

光纤陀螺惯性测量单元数据频混误差仿真分析

导航计算机对光纤陀螺（FOG）测量数据的异步重采样将引起数据的频谱混叠误差。基于FOG信号检测特点,以FOG闭环输出数据更新率、惯性测量单元（IMU）异步通信定时脉冲频率为参量,以载体的正弦干扰频率为变量,以导航计算机接收信号直流（DC）分量的幅值误差抑制为目标,建立了仿真模型。分析了现有内插抽取方案和滑动滤波方案的数据频混误差及延时特性。提出了类盲发变滑窗长度方案,抑制了频混误差响应谱对滑窗长度的敏感性。仿真结果表明,相比滑窗长度偏离最优值4%的滑动滤波方案,变滑窗长度方案的误差最大值从0.056 85降至0.009 737,能更好地适应定时脉冲信号频率抖动或切换的工程应用需求。      

Electrochemical machining on blisk channels with a variable feed rate mode

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is an economical and effective method for blisk manufacturing and includes two steps: channel machining and profile machining. The allowance distribution after the channel machining will directly affect the profile machining. Therefore, to improve the uniformity of allowance distribution in the machining of channels, a method that incorporates a variable feed rate mode is developed. During the machining process, the feed rates are dynamically changed according to the needs of the side gap at the different feed depths. As a result, the side gaps at the different feed depths vary, contributing to a decrease in the allowance difference. In this study, the dissolution processes of a blisk channel are simulated using different feed rates, and prediction profiles are obtained. Based on the prediction profiles, the relationship among the feed rate, feed depth, and side gap is established. Then, the feed rates at different feed depths are adjusted according to the relationship. In addition, contrast experiments are conducted. Compared with blisk channel ECM using a constant feed rate of 1 mm/min, using the variable feed rate decreases the allowance differences in the convex and concave parts by 62.2 % and 67.4 %, respectively. This indicates that using the variable feed rate in the ECM process for a blisk channel is feasible and efficient.     

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.     

核电站工作场所中子能谱和周围剂量当量率测量

中子周围剂量当量是核电站辐射防护监测的主要对象之一,而中子周围剂量当量的评估强烈依赖中子的能量分布。利用自制的多球谱仪对秦山第三核电有限公司（TQNPC）重水反应堆安全壳内5个位置的中子能谱和周围剂量当量率进行了测量。该谱仪由1个³He正比计数器以及9个2.5～12英寸不同直径的聚乙烯球组成,响应函数通过MCNP程序计算,并利用标准²⁵²Cf中子源进行了校准和验证。通过测量的中子能谱,获得了不同工作区域的中子周围剂量当量率及其能量分布,并与中子周围剂量当量率仪和CR-39径迹蚀刻探测器的测量结果进行了比较,为核电站中子剂量的监测提供了相关参考数据。     

Large eddy simulation based studies of jet–cavity interactions in a supersonic flow

Interactions of a cavity flameholder with an upstream injected jet in a Ma 2.52 supersonic flow are investigated numerically. A hybrid RANS/LES (Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes/Large Eddy Simulation) method acting as wall-modeled LES is adopted, for which the recycling/rescaling method is introduced to treat the unsteady turbulent inflow. Patterns of the fluid entrainment into the cavity and escape from the cavity are identified using a scalar-tracing method. It is found that the jet–cavity interactions remarkably enhanced the mass exchange between the fluids in and out of the cavity, resulting in reduced residence time of the cavity fluids. Increasing the distance between the fuel injection and the cavity leading edge tends to attenuate the jet–cavity interactions, leading to weaker mass exchange. Raising the injection pressure appears to enhance the jet–cavity interactions, resulting in a shorter residence time of the cavity fluids. Moreover, the mass decay processes for the fuel and air within the cavity are basically the same while the entrainment processes for the fuel and air into the cavity seem quite different.     

Dependence of density and burning rate of composite solid propellant on mixer size

This paper examines the effect of mixer size on the density of the propellant and it also explores the role of the propellant density with regards to burning rate and burn rate pressure index. Propellant samples were prepared in the four different size (15, 70, 200 and 1000 g) mixers with identical input of ingredients to examine the effect of mixer size on density and burning rate of the composite solid propellant. It was noticed that density and burning rate of the propellant changes significantly with change in the mixer size from 15 g to 1000 g. This is because for the smaller mixers the surface area to volume ratio is large and the actual percentage of aluminum and ammonium perchlorate (especially coarse) that goes into the propellant reduces. High burning rate with decrease in mixer size is also accompanied with increase in burn rate pressure index. The composition analysis was also carried out and it is noticed that the actual percentage of the ingredients is different from the intended percentage of the ingredients and percentage change is more when the mixer size decreases.