嫦娥五号探测器采样区快速视觉测量技术及应用

针对嫦娥五号探测器采样区视觉信息支持的需求和研制过程中的工程约束,提出了一种采样区快速视觉测量技术,研究内容包括时空受限条件下的相机标定、适应月面弱纹理的密集匹配以及AIT(总装、集成及测试)场景下的测量精度地面验证。最终在轨实现了1s内对采样区地形的快速三维重建,并对采样区景物完成了测量,证明了该视觉测量技术的有效性。     

压紧杆式太阳翼自动化加载设备设计与验证

基于对国内外太阳翼压紧释放机构预紧实施的现状及存在问题的研究,开展设备小型化、轻量化、可视化设计,研制了一种电机驱动拉伸压紧杆的力反馈型自动化加载设备。该设备采用特制的夹紧接口,并利用凸轮原理解决了狭小空间内压紧杆的的夹紧难题;采用拉力传感器和力反馈系统等将太阳翼压紧杆预紧力施加精度控制在5%以内,有效地解决了预紧力加载的精度问题和自动预紧问题。为验证设备性能,开展了预紧力误差分析,设计了一套采用电阻应变片实时测量预紧力的方案,得出设备工作时预紧力的变化情况。试验结果表明,自动化加载设备不受人员技能水平的影响,绝对精度最大值为3.11%,单次加载时间小于1 min。     

Multilevel Tests and Measurement Evaluation Methods for the Application of Composite Materials in Spacecraft Structures

With the implementation of new-generation launch vehicles, space stations, lunar and deep space exploration, etc., the development of spacecraft structures will face new challenges. In order to reduce the spacecraft weight and increase the payload, composite material structures will be widely used. It is difficult to evaluate the strength and life of composite materials due to their complex mechanism and various phenomena in damage and failure. Meanwhile, the structures of composite materials used in spacecrafts will bear complex loads, including the coupling loads of tension, pressure, bending, shear, and torsion. Static loads, thermal loads, and vibration loads may occur at the same time, which asks for verification requirements to ensure the structure safety. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a systematic multi-level experimental study. In this paper, the building block approach (BBA) is used to investigate the multilevel composite material structures for spacecrafts. The advanced measurement technology is adopted based on digital image correlation (DIC) and piezoelectric and optical fiber sensors to measure the composite material structure deformation. The virtual experiment technology is applied to provide sufficient and reliable data for the evaluation of the composite material structures of spacecrafts.     

基于相推法的空间光载射频链路绝对延时测量

空间光载射频链路利用空间光链路实现射频信号的传输.由于采用大气信道传输光载射频信号,链路绝对延时受到大气湍流和温度等因素影响,产生延时抖动.本文采用相推法对1 km空间光载射频链路的绝对延时进行了高精度测量,测量结果与理论模型吻合,测量精度优于0.1 ps.该测量方法采用电光调制和射频鉴相实现了链路绝对延时测量,与光载...     

动态环路法磁矩测量系统标定与误差评估

为保证磁矩和磁心位置测量精度,需要对动态环路法磁矩测量系统进行标定。在分析系统测量误差组成及其影响的基础上,提出了对动态环路法磁矩测量系统标定的方法,即采用以不同大小标准磁体为被测对象的标定方案,利用最小二乘法给出了5个标定系数值。通过测量2组用于模拟真实被测对象的组合磁体,评估了标定后动态环路法磁矩测量系统的实际测量性能。结果表明,标定后的动态环路法磁矩测量系统对偶极磁矩的测量误差不大于4.6%,磁心位置测量误差不大于7.2%。     

一种改进的短时数据高精度测频算法

原短时数据高精度测频算法在某些频率范围内无法实现对频率的准确估计,分析了产生这一现象的原因,并提出了一种改进的短时数据高精度测频算法。在低信噪比条件下,改进算法可以实现对采样率范围内所有频率的高精度估计,其性能接近Cramer-Rao(CR)下界。     

常规推进剂贮存远程测控系统设计

某推进剂库房为常规液体火箭发动机地面试验提供燃料和氧化剂,燃料和氧化剂均为有毒有害物质,燃料具有易燃易爆特性.为了提高推进剂贮存安全性和工艺系统操作过程安全性,便于集中控制和管理,提出了推进剂贮存库房远程测控系统设计方案.该系统符合RMS设计要求,已成功应用于推进剂库房,提高了系统安全性和自动化程度.     

Influence of measure-density on combustor characteristics

The apparatus of scan measurement was used to gather the temperature pattern at the combustor outlet,where the average working temperature of gas was about 1700Kand the maximum temperature was about 1 950K.Consequently,the measurement part was cooled by water or air.Usually,for intermittent measurement devices,the interval of circle angel could be changed to get a high-density temperature distribution.A continuous measurement manner was adopted to get point in circle.The angle between two measurepoints was 1.286°.The annular combustor outlet was about 40to 50mm in height,where 5or 6measure points were usually arranged.In this device,10measure points were arranged in a range of 45.5mm.Four thermocouples were arranged in circle to obtain 2 800measure-points of the temperature field in a single experiment.Data were drawn from the whole datasheet at intervals.Each group of data whose number decreased in turn,included temperature points of 2 800,1 400,700,and 350,respectively.Several groups of temperature distributions with different densities were established.Subsequently,data processing was conducted to calculate the main combustor characteristics,including arithmetic or integral average temperature,OTDF(overall temperature distribution factor)and RTDF(radial temperature distribution factor).It is found that the data from different groups with different measuring densities result in significant difference on the combustor characteristics.The veracity of temperature characteristics increases with the growing measure-density.     

取样密度对燃烧室试验测量结果的影响

在航空发动机和燃气轮机燃烧室部件试验中,取样密度会对燃烧室出口温度测量结果产生影响,如果取样密度过小,会造成燃烧室出口温度测量值与"实际值"之间偏离度过大。基于此,对3种燃烧室的试验数据进行了分析。同时将试验采集到的"高取样密度"的原始数据沿圆周方向进行均匀"拆分","拆分后"得到不同密度的"低取样密度"数据,将该数据与原始"高取样密度"试验数据的分析结果进行了对比,得出了取样密度与测量偏离度之间的关系,并给出了满足工程研制需要的取样密度。     

基于流场/声场混合模型的叶轮机械单音噪声研究

基于叶轮机械三维非定常黏性数值模拟(URANS)与管道内叶片排气动噪声声类比理论(DBAA),成功地发展了叶轮机械单音噪声混合预测模型(URANS/DBAA),该模型能够实现叶轮机械叶片详细设计参数与噪声辐射强度的关联。由于采用了Lighthill声类比理论,使得该模型并不需要耗费大量计算资源。基于URANS/DBAA混合模型,对某单级轴流风扇的单音噪声及其噪声源分布特性进行了详细的计算分析,结果表明,该混合模型能够准确模拟叶轮机械单音噪声,实现了对叶轮机械单音噪声基本规律的分析和认识。