一种多策略GML应用模式匹配方法

地理标记语言(GML,Geography Markup Language)应用模式匹配是实现基于GML的地理信息共享的基础问题.结合现有模式匹配算法和GML3.0应用模式的特点,提出了一种多策略GML应用模式匹配方法.首先,将输入的GML应用模式转化为GML模式树,通过引入基于语言学和基于约束的具体匹配规则,分别对GML模式树进行元素对相似度计算,并对2种计算结果加权合并获得元素水平匹配的相似度值;然后,通过基于相似度传播的结构匹配算法对元素的相似度进行修正;最后,获得2个输入模式的元素匹配映射表.实验表明,该算法能够提高GML应用模式的元素匹配正确率.      

产品开发早期基于核心工艺框架的工艺设计

关于早期工艺设计理论方法的研究都是以特征信息为基础,不能利用早期阶段粗粒 度、非完备的产品信息.为此,采用关键特性表示粗粒度、非完备的产品信息,提出基于核 心工艺框架的工艺设计方法.核心工艺框架是对满足关键特性要求的工艺计划的抽象,可表 达产品族或零件族中各种变型的核心工艺内容,根据分支和存在规则快速配置工艺计划.基 于核心工艺框架的工艺设计过程包括4个步骤:确定产品族/零件族,检索核心工艺框架, 配置核心工艺和工艺路线设计,有效性规则、原理性规则和定制性规则确保工艺设计的准确 性.最后通过有翼导弹的弹翼主梁的加工工艺验证了此方法的可行性.      

防老剂D纯度对天然橡胶(NR)热氧老化性能的影响

为了改善天然橡胶的热氧老化性能,试验了防老剂D提纯品和工业品对天然橡胶(NR)热氧老化性能的影响,测试了其热氧化诱导期、热失重、热老化的性能变化。结果表明：含杂少纯度高的防老剂D使天然橡胶的抗热氧老化得到改善。     

Shadow detection for mobile robots: Features,evaluation, and datasets

ABSTRACT

Shadows have long been a challenging topic for computer vision. This challenge is made even harder when we assume that the camera is moving, as many existing shadow detection techniques require the creation and maintenance of a background model. This article explores the problem of shadow modelling from a moving viewpoint (assumed to be a robotic platform) through comparing shadow-variant and shadow-invariant image features — primarily color, texture and edge-based features. These features are then embedded in a segmentation pipeline that provides predictions on shadow status, using minimal temporal context. We also release a public dataset of shadow-related image sequences, to help other researchers further develop shadow detection methods and to enable benchmarking of techniques.     

Analytical expression for distant retrograde orbits around a small natural satellite

An analytical expression for distant retrograde orbits (DROs) is obtained in this study. Owing to the fact that a planar DRO is a closed orbit and can be expressed as an approximately elliptical orbit, respective geometries and periods of DROs are analytically calculated. A switching point, where various properties of planar DROs change abruptly with an increase in the orbital radius, is determined. The Mars–Deimos system is taken as a case study in this work. The proposed method can be applied to cases where the Hill’s approximation of the restricted three-body problem is valid. Numerical calculations are performed to validate the proposed method.     

Geometry and size optimization of stiffener layout for three-dimensional box structures with maximization of natural frequencies

Based on the growth mechanism of natural biological branching systems and inspiration from the morphology of plant root tips, a bionic design method called Improved Adaptive Growth Method (IAGM) has been proposed in the authors’ previous research and successfully applied to the reinforcement optimization of three-dimensional box structures with respect to natural frequencies. However, as a kind of ground structure methods, the final layout patterns of stiffeners obtained by using the IAGM are highly subjected to their ground structures, which restricts the optimization effect and freedom to further improve the dynamic performance of structures. To solve this problem, a novel post-processing geometry and size optimization approach is proposed in this article. This method takes the former layout optimization result as start, and iteratively finds the optimal layout angles, locations, and lengths of stiffeners with a few design variables by optimizing the positions of some specific node lines called active node lines. At the same time, thicknesses of stiffeners are also optimized to further improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures. Using this method, stiffeners can be successfully separated from their ground structures and further effectively improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures with less material consumption. Typical numerical examples are illustrated to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the suggested method.     

涡轮机匣热辐射-对流耦合换热特性数值计算与实验测试

开展了整环机匣的热辐射-对流耦合计算,获得了综合传热系数拟合关系式,并进行了实验测试验证。研究发现：封闭腔内,热辐射的存在大幅强化了壁面换热,辐射热流占总换热量比值可达90%以上。在3层机匣结构中,当发射率在0.3~0.8变化时,机匣沿径向方向上的温度梯度减小,主流区域的对流换热得到加强,半封闭区域对流强度降低。发射率为0.8时,外机匣流体侧壁面的辐射热流占总换热量的33.3%。     

论外语教学中交际能力的培养

本文论述了外语教学中交际能力培养的重要性,指出了外语交际能力培养所存在的一些误区,并有针对性地提出了在外语教学中培养学生交际能力的方法和途径。通过对学生语言能力和跨文化意识的培养以及语言错误的正确处理,全面提高学生英语的交际能力。     

多功能仪表显示设备软件的开发

文章结合载人航天器返回舱的仪表显示设备的软件开发实践,对如何利用 VAPS 及其相关配套工具所提供的先进功能来完成多功能显示设备软件的开发进行了探讨。指出了传统的 C语言手工编程开发方法的困境,介绍了利用 VAPS 及其相关配套工具进行软件开发的方案和步骤。此技术国外已成功应用到航天及航空的座舱仪表显示设备的研究开发中。     

基于UML的自动测试系统建模方法研究

为提供自动测试系统的领域知识，在对自动测试系统的特性进行研究的基础上，将UML引入自动测试系统的建模过程中，利用UML的扩展机制为自动测试系统的框架开发提供该领域的知识。通过为一个自动测试系统开发平台不同于常规软件产品部分的建模实例，给出了自动测试系统的特定领域知识的表达方式。