高温下加热/冷却管内参与性介质的辐射与对流耦合换热研究

本文通过数值模拟方法研究了高温下加热/冷却管内层流充分发展流动的参与性介质热起始段的辐射与对流耦合换热。采用离散坐标法求解圆柱坐标系下的非线性积分微分辐射传递方程,采用有限差分法求解辐射与对流的耦合换热能量方程。通过计算,分析了不同壁温及入口温度下,介质导热系数、壁面发射率、介质散射反照率及散射相函数等因素对局部努谢尔数、壁面热流密度及有效加热/冷却长度的影响,并同时采用努谢尔数和壁面热流密度评价了耦合换热中辐射对对流换热的影响。      

层流控制和自然层流机翼可压缩边界层计算和应用

本文对后掠层流机翼可压缩边界层进行了计算研究。引入新的相似变换形式,避免了Kaups-Cebeci方法在变换中可能出现的奇性,导出了在新的相似变换下的偏微分方程组。对层流控制(LFC)和自然层流(NLF)机翼进行了计算,得到了满意的结果。     

基于变厚度壳单元的旋转叶片固有特性分析

针对1个扭型、变截面旋转叶片,基于ANSYS有限元软件,采用变厚度壳单元来模拟真实叶片的方法建模,并与实体单元模型对静频和固有振型进行对比,验证了该建模方法的准确性;在此基础上分析了科氏力、旋转软化、离心刚化以及三者耦合对叶片动频特性的影响规律;基于壳单元动频数据,对现在常用的动频系数经验公式的适用性进行了简单评价。研究结果表明：2种模型的动频规律一致,对系统影响由大到小依次为离心刚化、旋转软化和科氏力;叶片A0振型的动频系数吻合较好,A1振型的反之     

新型高燃速推进剂在固体发动机内燃烧特性研究

新型高燃速推进剂是一种采用小球粘结、无溶剂挤成型的复合改性双基推进剂,20℃、6.86MPa下用靶线法实测静态燃速为46.25mm/s。为研究这种新型高燃速推进剂在发动机内的燃烧特性,在不同燃通比和燃喉面积比的装药条件下,进行了发动机试验,获得了相应的压强-时间曲线。分析结果表明,该推进剂在火箭发动机内不同压强下可出现3种完全不同的燃烧类型,即类似于双基推进剂的平行层燃烧、类似于超高燃速推进剂的对流燃烧和有限对流燃烧,并给出了3种燃烧类型的判断条件。     

由摩擦阻尼铰实现桁架结构的被动减振研究

研究利用一种摩擦力随振动幅值的增大而增大的阻尼铰进行结构振动的被动控制。首先分析了含干摩擦约束铰结构单体梁的振动特性,并给出了系统随振动幅值变化的等效固有频率和粘性阻尼的定量表达式,然后建立了在桁架结构中设置此种摩擦铰的振动方程,分析了系统的动力特性,由计算结果发现,这种摩擦铰具有良好的阻尼特性;通过这种非线性元件,不仅通过滑移时消耗能量,而且可以将能量由低阶模态转移到高阶模态来加速振动衰减。     

组合发动机微细通道氦加热器设计与流动换热

氦加热器是预冷组合发动机中重要的换热器之一,其原理是利用燃气燃烧的热量提高氦气做功能力,进而提升整个循环系统运行效率.研究中首先设计了蛇形管式、瓦片式、辐射式三种微细通道氦加热器.其次,基于FLUENT15.0软件对微细通道氦加热器管内外的对流换热系数和流动阻力进行了研究.对比模拟结果和经典关联式的计算结果,确定了适用...     

A new stationary droplet evaporation model and its validation

The liquid droplet evaporation character is important for not only combustion chamber design process but also high-accuracy spray combustion simulation.In this paper,the suspended droplets' evaporation character was measured in a quiescent high-temperature environment by micro high-speed camera system.The gasoline and kerosene experimental results are consistent with the reference data.Methanol,common kerosene and aviation kerosene droplet evaporation characteristics,as well as their evaporation rate changing with temperature,were obtained.The evaporation rate experimental data were compared with the prediction result of Ranz-Marshall boiling temperature model (RMB),Ranz-Marshall low-temperature model (RML),drift flux model (DFM),mass analogy model (MAM),and stagnant film model (SFM).The disparity between the experimental data and the model prediction results was mainly caused by the neglect of the nat ural convection effect,which was never introduced into the droplet evaporation concept.A new droplet evaporation model with consideration of natural convection buoyancy force effect was proposed in this paper.Under the experimental conditions in this paper,the calculation results of the new droplet evaporation model were agreed with the experimental data for kerosene,methanol and other fuels,with less than 20％ relative deviations.The relative deviations between the new evaporation model predictions for kerosene and the experimental data from the references were within 10％.     

Comparative study of the influence of natural convection on directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si alloys

We present numerical simulations of thermosolutal convection for directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si. Numerical results predict that fragmentation of dendrite arms resulting from dissolution could be favored in Al–7 wt% Si, but not in Al–3.5 wt% Ni. Corresponding experiments are in qualitative agreement with the numerical predictions. Distinguishing the two fragmentation mechanisms, namely dissolution and remelting, is critical during experiments on earth, when fluid flow is dominant.     

融化过程自然对流影响作用的实验研究

采用实验的方法对相变材料融化过程中自然对流的影响进行了研究,获得了自然对流作用下的融化速率与平均Nusselt数的准则关系式.结果表明,与纯导热模型相比,自然对流作用加速了融化的进行,建立导热-对流耦合传热模型对于准确预测融化过程具有一定的必要性.