基于多层次特征的高分影像海岸带地物分类

针对高分辨率影像地物光谱丰富复杂的问题，文章提出了一种结合像元-对象-空间格局特征的水域、盐田等海岸带精细地物分类方法。首先基于像元和空间格局特征分别利用遗传算法优化随机森林参数进行分类；其次将两种分类结果采用D-S证据理论融合；然后基于不同地物斑块的空间上下文信息，采用粒子群算法优化支持向量机（Support Vector Machine，SVM）参数实现面向对象的二次分类。为验证方法的有效性，收集山东省莱州湾海岸带附近区域的“高分二号”卫星影像，开展了水域及水利设施用地、盐田、工矿用地、交通运输用地、住宅用地、沿海滩涂、海域与耕地8类地物的分类实验，总体精度达到97.21%，Kappa系数为0.964 2。实验结果表明，文章提出的高分影像海岸带地物分类方法兼顾像元、对象及空间格局特征优点，能够实现多层次细致分类，并同时兼具较短的训练时长与较高的分类精度。该研究成果可为中国海岸带生态环境监测与土地利用规划提供一定技术支撑。     

Precise orbit determination and baseline consistency assessment for Swarm constellation

Precise orbit determination (POD) and precise baseline determination (PBD) of Swarm satellites with 4 years of data are investigated. Ambiguity resolution (AR) plays a crucial role in achieving the best orbit accuracy. Swarm POD and PBD based on single difference (SD) AR and traditional double difference (DD) AR methods are explored separately. Swarm antenna phase center variation (PCV) corrections are developed to further improve the orbit determination accuracy. The code multipath of C1C, C1W and C2W observations is first evaluated and clear variations in code noise related to different receiver settings are observed. Carrier phase residuals of different time periods and different loop tracking settings of receiver are studied to explore the effect of ionospheric scintillation on POD. The reduction of residuals in the polar and geomagnetic equator regions confirms the positive impact of the updated carrier tracking loops (TLs) on POD performance. The SD AR orbits and orbits with float ambiguity (FA) are compared with the Swarm precise science orbits (PSOs). An average improvement of 27 %, 4 % and 16 % is gained in along-track, cross-track and radial directions by fixing the ambiguity to integer. For Swarm-A/B and Swarm-B/C formations, specific days are selected to perform the DD AR-based POD during which the average distance of the formation satellites is less than 5000 km. Satellite laser ranging (SLR) observations are employed to validate the performance of FA, SD AR and DD AR orbits. The consistency between the SD AR orbits and SLR data is at a level of 10 mm which shows an improvement of 25 % when comparing with the FA results. An SLR residuals reduction of 15 % is also achieved by the DD AR solution for the selected days. Precise relative navigation is also an essential aspect for spacecraft formation flying missions. The closure error method is proposed to evaluate the baseline precision in three dimensions. A baseline precision of 1–3 mm for Swarm-A/C formation and 3–5 mm for Swarm-A/B and Swarm-B/C satellite pairs is verified by both the consistency check and closure error method.     

超视距空战条件下舰载机空中巡逻研究

根据超视距空战条件下舰载机空中巡逻的特点,建立舰载机空中巡逻的战术行为模型；采用蒙特卡洛法对巡逻效果进行模拟统计,分析雷达最远发现距离、巡逻区间距、舰载机定常平飞距离、巡逻飞行航线类型与飞行协同方式对舰载机空中巡逻效果的影响；最终给出超视距协同空战条件下,舰载机空中巡逻的组织方法。     

Assessing the performance of BDS-3 for multi-GNSS static and kinematic PPP-AR

As of 2021, a total of four different GNSS constellations – namely, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BDS-3 – can be used with Full Operational Capability (FOC). In this work, the contribution of BDS-3 FOC to GPS + GLONASS + Galileo (GRE) PPP-AR is investigated, considering the three different cut-off angles (7°, 30°, and 45°) and different lengths of static observation sessions (24-, 12-, 6-, 3-, 1-, 0.5-, 0.25-hour). The data of 31 IGS-MGEX stations is processed with GRE PPP-AR and GREC3 (GPS + GLONASS (using float mode) + Galileo + BDS-3) PPP-AR modes. The results showed that BDS-3 degraded the horizontal (except for 24-h sessions) and vertical accuracy of static GRE PPP-AR solutions regardless of the elevation cutoff angle and observation time. The kinematic results showed that BDS-3 significantly contributed to the accuracy of GRE kinematic PPP-AR for 30° and 45° cutoff angles. The convergence time analysis showed that BDS-3 only contributes to GRE kinematic PPP-AR for the vertical component.     

天基海表精细探测微波载荷性能分析与展望

海表精细探测是海洋卫星未来发展的重要方向。介绍卫星海表参数探测的特点与优势，总结海表温度、海表高度、海表盐度等要素，分析天基探测载荷的发展现状。根据海表参数时空变化特性，分析高时空分辨率微波探测载荷性能需求。在此基础上，针对美国和欧洲相关卫星系统发展计划，分析了高时空分辨率、高精度天基微波探测载荷可实现性与未来发展趋势，针对海表精细探测天基微波载荷的发展提出了建议。     

界面连接多盘转子旋转惯性模型及动力响应特性

针对工作在超临界状态下带有界面连接的多盘转子系统，采用惯性主轴偏斜描述质量分布，考虑各轮盘旋转惯性载荷随转速和弯曲变形变化的特征，建立了高速多盘转子力学模型。在定量描述加工/装配误差和连接结构接触状态影响下各级轮盘质量分布的基础上，探究了转子动力响应及支点动载荷幅值和相位随转速的变化规律。理论模型及仿真结果表明：在超临界状态下，转子旋转惯性力矩会使支点动载荷幅值随转速继续增大；而高转速状态下，连接结构接触状态的变化可能使多盘转子的质量分布发生改变，转子惯性主轴趋近旋转中心线，转子所受的旋转惯性载荷减小，体现出振动突降的响应特征。     

MC-LRF based pose measurement system for shipborne aircraft automatic landing

Due to the portability and anti-interference ability, vision-based shipborne aircraft automatic landing systems have attracted the attention of researchers. In this paper, a Monocular Camera and Laser Range Finder (MC-LRF)-based pose measurement system is designed for shipborne aircraft automatic landing. First, the system represents the target ship using a set of sparse landmarks, and a two-stage model is adopted to detect landmarks on the target ship. The rough 6D pose is measured by solving a Perspective-n-Point problem. Then, once the rough pose is measured, a region-based pose refinement is used to continuously track the 6D pose in the subsequent image sequences. To address the low accuracy of monocular pose measurement in the depth direction, the designed system adopts a laser range finder to obtain an accurate range value. The measured rough pose is iteratively optimized using the accurate range measurement. Experimental results on synthetic and real images show that the system achieves robust and precise pose measurement of the target ship during automatic landing. The measurement means error is within 0.4° in rotation, and 0.2% in translation, meeting the requirements for automatic fixed-wing aircraft landing.Received 5 July 2022; revised 19 August 2022; accepted 27 September 2022.     

基于多DSP的机载SAR距离徙动校正实现方法

针对机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)数据量大、运算复杂、实时性能要求高等问题，提出了一种基于多片多核DSP并行的方式实现机载SAR距离徙动校正的方法。重点介绍实现过程中的片间及片内并行和同步处理、数据交互、数据分配，距离徙动校正的距离向脉冲压缩和惯导补偿，以及多普勒中心估计实现的具体步骤，利用点仿真和实测数据验证了该方法的有效性，并提出优化模块，进一步提高运算的实时性。     

超视距空战仿真中的策略识别

针对超视距空战仿真中敌机策略的识别问题,研究了一种基于案例的策略识别方法。该方法通过构建包含假定的对手任务目标、观测数据、策略等内容的案例库,采用相似度计算选择与新的观测相似的案例库子集,并计算策略概率分布来识别对手策略。实验证明,相比与常规的基于案例推理方法,在案例中增加敌机任务目标提高了策略识别准确率,并且在假定敌机目标不正确时,能修复错误假定并进行策略识别,改善了基于案例策略识别方法的性能。     

宽温度范围大口径高精度变温标准黑体辐射源研制

红外成像探测系统的应用环境越来越复杂，工作适应温度范围低温可达到-50 ℃以下，高温可达到70 ℃以上。为满足相应要求，研制宽温度范围大口径高精度变温标准黑体辐射源，采用细分均匀加热、模糊PID自整定控制算法、双路配气保护等技术，满足高低温需求，同时开展腔型设计、超黑高发射率涂层等相应研究，保证了黑体辐射源的整体性能，确保完成相应功能。研制完成后，在高低温环境下进行了验证试验，可达到以下指标：有效发射率≥0.999，空腔开口直径≥60 mm，温度测量不确定度10 mK（k=2）。经验证，可满足宽温度范围条件红外探测系统的计量要求。