A comparison of radiation shielding effectiveness of materials for highly elliptical orbits

The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) has proposed a Polar Communications and Weather (PCW) satellite mission, in conjunction with other partners. The PCW will provide essential communications and meteorological services to the Canadian Arctic, as well as space weather observations of in situ ionizing radiation along the orbit. The CSA has identified three potential Highly Elliptical Orbits (HEOs) for a PCW satellite constellation, Molniya, Modified Tundra and Triple Apogee (TAP), each having specific merits, which would directly benefit the performance/longevity of a PCW spacecraft. Radiation shielding effectiveness of various materials was studied for the three PCW orbit options to determine the feasibility of employing materials other than conventional aluminium to achieve a specified spacecraft shielding level with weight savings over aluminium. It was found that, depending on the orbit-specific radiation environment characteristics, the benefits of using polyethylene based materials is significant enough (e.g., 22% in Molniya for PE at 50 krad TID) to merit further investigation.     

飞机座舱透明材料大气老化与使用老化当量关系的研究

根据 YB-3航空有机玻璃海南自然老化 1,2,3年后的疲劳寿命曲线和在东北沈阳 -鞍山地区飞行使用 5年后的疲劳寿命曲线,用疲劳强度降,建立了大气老化与使用老化两者的当量关系。并用 YB-2航空有机玻璃海南大气自然老化与南方飞行使用老化的数据,验证了建立的加速当量的正确性和准确性。     

扩散声场作用下C/SiC复合材料薄壁结构的全频段响应分析

为了获取复合材料薄壁结构在扩散声场作用下的全频段应力响应,在70 m3混响室内进行自由状态下的C/SiC复合材料薄壁结构的噪声试验（总声压级140 dB）,测试混响室内扩散声场以及结构的加速度响应。另,建立扩散声场与正交各向异性复合材料薄壁结构相互作用的有限元–统计能量（FE-SEA）混合模型,计算得到结构的加速度响应分布,计算结果与试验测试结果一致。同时,基于模态应力恢复方法获得结构的应力场分布,结果显示扩散声场作用下的复合材料薄壁结构的应力场分布与加速度场分布规律不同。通过分析复合材料薄壁结构的弯曲波长与声波波长之间的关系,揭示噪声载荷与结构的波长耦合效应。该FE-SEA混合模型计算的应力场可进一步应用于声疲劳分析。     

ZrB2 / C 复合材料的微观结构与高温氧化机理

在碳基体材料中添加ZrB2抗烧蚀组元,经过热压固化成型、炭化处理制得改性碳基复合材料。经过1 500℃静态抗氧化实验后,对比发现添加ZrB2的复合材料抗氧化能力得到提高。通过SEM观察发现ZrB2在高温下被氧化形成致密保护层,能有效阻止氧气扩散进入碳基体。通过热力学计算进一步分析了碳基复合材料在制备和高温氧化过程中的化学反应机理。     

The impact of microwave absorber and radome geometries on GNSS measurements of station coordinates and atmospheric water vapour

We have used microwave absorbing material in different geometries around ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antennas in order to mitigate multipath effects on the estimates of station coordinates and atmospheric water vapour. The influence of a hemispheric radome – of the same type as in the Swedish GPS network SWEPOS – was also investigated. Two GNSS stations at the Onsala Space Observatory were used forming a 12 m baseline. GPS data from October 2008 to November 2009 were analyzed by the GIPSY/OASIS II software using the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing strategy for five different elevation cutoff angles from 5° to 25°. We found that the use of the absorbing material decreases the offset in the estimated vertical component of the baseline from ∼27 mm to ∼4 mm when the elevation cutoff angle varies from 5° to 20°. The horizontal components are much less affected. The corresponding offset in the estimates of the atmospheric Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) decreases from ∼1.6 kg/m² to ∼0.3 kg/m². Changes less than 5 mm in the offsets in the vertical component of the baseline are seen for all five elevation cutoff angle solutions when the antenna was covered by a hemispheric radome. Using the radome affects the IWV estimates less than 0.4 kg/m² for all different solutions. IWV comparisons between a Water Vapour Radiometer (WVR) and the GPS data give consistent results.     

MY-9易碎材料在武器系统上的应用

介绍了MY-9易碎材料在武器系统上的成功应用。文中以实物和试验数据阐述了MY-9材料的易碎、密封、承压、耐侯和工艺等特性以及在研制导弹发射筒易碎盖和管路密封盖方面的经验。     

燃气涡轮发动机风扇盘拓扑优化

在连续体结构拓扑优化数学模型的基础上,根据某燃气涡轮发动机设计图建立了1/18循环对称简化的风扇结构模型,基于固体各向同性材料惩罚（SIMP）模型插值的变密度法对结构进行了拓扑优化设计。为了获得更好的风扇盘结构拓扑优化结果,提出了一种将增加质量和整体叶盘结构相结合的方案,并应用该方案,在原始风扇盘模型的基础上设计了三种扩大求解域后的对照模型。对所有的优化结果进行模型重建,并对危险工作条件进行了校核验证。结果表明:采用该方法对某型发动机风扇盘进行结构拓扑优化,能在满足强度和刚度要求的前提下使压气机质量减少349％。     

NASA高空气球的研究及其进展

高空气球是一种可以实现平流层飞行的无动力浮空器。文章重点从气球的结构、蒙皮材料、热特性研究及试飞试验等方面介绍了NASA高空气球的研究及其进展,为中国高空气球的研究发展提供参考。     

复合推进剂线粘弹本构方程的细观力学分析(Ⅱ)非球颗粒增强效应分析

应用等效夹杂的细观力学理论,针对一种与取向相关的细长椭球颗粒填充情况,研究复合固体推进剂粘弹本构方程。发现颗粒对基体的增强效应主要体现在颗粒的纵向,得到了颗粒无序取向对基体的增强效应与颗粒单轴取向对基体沿该取向的增强效应之间存在一个定量的等效关系。     

用人工神经网络模拟三维编织复合材料的力学性能

三维编织复合材料由于其材料结构及编织工艺的复杂性和众多工艺参数的影响，目前尚未建立成熟的力学模型。本文采用人工神经网络ＢＰ算法，将编织工艺参数作为人工神经网络的输入，将弹性模量及强度性能作为输出，建立了编织工艺参数与力学性能的人工神经网络关系模型，并讨论了ＢＰ算法及网络结构。这种人工神经网络关系模型对于三维编织复合材料的实验、生产和应用。工艺参数的选取以及理论模型的研究都有重要的参考价值。本文最后