高速冲液脉冲放电制备纳米硅球

通过Ansys对单脉冲放电过程进行温度分布仿真时发现,当脉宽很小时,汽化体积所占比例很高,即材料利用率较高,但是产率较低;而加大脉宽时,产率较高,但是汽化比例较低。为综合两者的优势,利用大脉宽加工,使放电通道移动。仿真结果表明,相对于放电通道静止,其在材料利用率和产率上都有了大幅度提高。当在加工中引入高速冲液时,实验表明其能促使放电通道发生漂移,收集产物后称量、计算,其产率达到了1g/h。     

基于比例阀控制的液压附件部件综合试验台的设计

针对某飞机液压系统对液压附件、部件的测试要求,设计了多支路液压系统综合试验台,实现了对飞机液压系统中作动器的动作时间、次数和速度等参数测试,对液压缸、阀、集成块等附件在不同压力、流量和温度等条件下的性能测试。该设计主要采用比例阀控制压力和流量,多级过滤器进行油源净化,PLC和继电器实现测控、电位计进行压力和流量调节,数显表直接显示压力、流量和温度、时间等参数。通过实际测试验证,试验台工作稳定、安全可靠、调整方便、显示直观、振动噪音小、不泄露,满足了某型号飞机液压附件部件测试的要求。     

小积液情况下卧式转子的稳定性实验研究

盘腔积液现象在舰用燃气轮机工作过程中时有发生，汽化的滑油和水蒸气凝结形成积液。转子带动腔内的积液旋转，引发振动失稳，严重时会对发动机结构造成致命性破坏。为此，本文开展燃气轮机压气机盘腔积液的模拟实验研究，以双盘双支承的卧式柔性转子系统作为研究对象，重点关注小积液量的特点，对积液转子的动力学稳定性进行了研究。观测到转子的失稳现象，开展了不同积液体积、不同积液类型（水、植物油和滑油）等因素的影响规律研究，揭示了小积液的卧式转子动力学特征。研究结果表明：①对于积液失稳振动，存在失稳边界积液量，当积液量大于该边界值时，失稳将会发生。②失稳边界转速及恢复转速均高于临界转速。当转速高于失稳边界转速时，失稳将会发生。转速进一步增加，高于恢复转速时，失稳现象可能消失。③失稳时的振动特征为：出现幅值突增，次谐波成分也随之增加；基频和次谐波发生调制，表现出拍振特征。④随着积液体积的增加，失稳边界转速先减小后增加。⑤随着积液粘度系数增大，失稳边界转速和边界积液量均增大。     

Influence of curved thin-film device on deformation of a solar sail

A spinning solar sail IKAROS’s membrane is estimated to unexpectedly deform into an inverted pyramid shape due to thin-film devices with curvature, such as thin-film solar cells and steering devices on the membrane. It is important to investigate the deformation caused by the curved thin-film devices and predict the sail shape because the out-of-plane deformation greatly affects solar radiation pressure (SRP) and SRP torque. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the global shape and orientation and position of curved thin-film devices and to evaluate SRP torque on the global shape using finite element analysis. The global shape is evaluated based on the out-of-plane displacement and the SRP torque. When the curved thin-film devices make the membrane shrink in the circumferential, diagonal, and radial direction, the sail deforms into a pyramid shape, an inverted pyramid one, and a saddle one, respectively. The saddle shape is more desirable for solar sails than the inverted pyramid shape and the pyramid one from the viewpoint of shape stability to SRP and control of SRP torque in the normal direction of the sail (windmill torque). The position of the thin-film device tends to increase the absolute value of windmill torque when it is biased circumferentially from the petal central axis. The suggested design principles for the arrangement of thin-film devices is that the curved thin-film devices should be directed so that the sail shrinks in the radial direction in order to deform the sail into a saddle shape with high shape stability, and the position of the thin-film devices should be biased in the circumferential direction paying attention to the absolute value of windmill torque to determine the direction of windmill torque.     

Deorbiting spacecraft with passively stabilised attitude using a simplified quasi-rhombic-pyramid sail

This paper studies deorbiting using an analogue to the quasi-rhombic-pyramid concept for planar motion. The focus is on maintaining a stable (meaning oscillatory) attitude close to the direction of the velocity of the spacecraft relative to the atmosphere. The study consists of a massive computation of deorbit times chosen in a region of the phase space where atmospheric drag plays a leading role. Here, no damping effects are considered. Thus, any passive stabilisation observed is either due to solar radiation pressure or atmospheric drag. The results show that such stable deorbiting is feasible up to a threshold that depends upon the physical parameters of the sail. This threshold is around 500 km of altitude. Stable deorbiting is also shown to reduce the unpredictability that appears due to tumbling.     

Temporal variation of the arterial pressure in healthy young people and its relation to geomagnetic activity in Mexico

We present a study of the temporal behavior of the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure for a sample of 51 normotensive, healthy volunteers, 18 men and 33 women with an average age of 19 years old in Mexico City, Mexico, during April and May, 2008. We divided the data by sex along the circadian rhythm. Three geomagnetic storms occurred during the studied time-span. The strongest one, a moderate storm, is attributed to a coronal hole border that reached the Earth. The ANOVA test applied to the strongest storm showed that even though we are dealing with a moderate geomagnetic storm, there are statistically significant responses of the blood pressure. The superposed epoch analysis during a three-day window around the strongest storm shows that on average the largest changes occurred for the SBP. Moreover, the SBP largest increases occurred two days before and one day after this storm, and women are the most sensitive group as they present larger SBP and DBP average changes than men. Finally, given the small size of the sample, we cannot generalize our results.     

环刷刷丝接触压力检测系统设计

环刷是导电滑环的重要组成部件,其接触压力是滑环使刷丝变形后产生的刷丝对滑环的作用力。环刷刷丝接触压力值微小,影响因素较多,但环刷刷丝接触压力的大小将直接关系着导电滑环的技术性能和使用寿命。本文针对环刷的特点详细研究了环刷刷丝接触压力的测量方法和技术,并设计了一套环刷刷丝接触压力检测系统,实现了对环刷刷丝接触压力的自动精密测量。     

测点布局对航空发动机总压畸变指数的影响

为了阐明测点布局对航空发动机进气总压畸变测试结果的影响，利用旋转总压测量耙对5种畸变流场的稳态和动态总 压畸变成分进行了测试，计算了旋转总压测量耙位于不同位置时畸变流场的稳态周向总压畸变指数和动态总压畸变指数，分析了 不同测点布局下总压畸变指数计算结果的偏差。结果表明：测量耙/测点与畸变流场的相对周向位置对总压畸变指数计算结果的 准确性至关重要，对于所分析的5种畸变流场，增加测量耙/测点周向数目并不能使总压畸变指数计算结果的偏差单调减小，但可 降低其对测量耙/测点周向位置的敏感度。基于畸变区域周向分布设计稳态总压畸变测量耙的周向位置，组合使用不同相对半径 处测点对动态总压畸变进行监测，可提高总压畸变指数计算结果的准确性。     

The 3-step DLR–ESA Gossamer road to solar sailing

The 3-step Gossamer road map to solar sailing is presented that has been agreed between DLR and ESA in November 2009. The main and exclusive purpose of that project is to develop, to prove, and to demonstrate the solar sail technology as a safe and reliably manageable propulsion technique for long lasting and deep space missions. Since the development of the solar sail technology is quite a complex task, presently at the DLR implemented solar sail related research activities will be presented as well.     

8400压力测量采集系统的校准

在压力测量的实际应用中,压力校准成为一种新的技术需求。本文介绍了8400压力测量系统的结构组成及特点,对该系统提出一种切实有效的校准方法。通过该校准方法,可保证8400压力测量系统的准确可靠,为工程实际应用提供更好的技术支撑。