面向空中目标威胁评估的多传感器管理方法

为了降低在空中目标威胁评估任务中由于威胁评估结果的不准确性和传感器辐射所带来的潜在损失，提出了一种基于风险的多传感器管理方法。首先，基于部分可观马尔可夫决策过程建立了传感器管理模型；然后，给出了基于信息状态的威胁评估风险和传感器辐射风险的预测方法以量化潜在损失；接着，为获得更优的作战收益，以多步风险预测值为决策依据，以两种风险的加权和最小为优化目标建立了长期目标函数；最后，在求解目标函数时，将传感器管理问题转化为决策树搜索，设计了一种基于分支定界的标准代价搜索算法以快速获得高质量的管理方案。仿真实验表明，所提算法能够在搜索到高质量解的同时大幅减少计算时间和内存消耗；所提方法能够对风险进行准确预测，且相比于经典的传感器管理方法，所提方法具有更好的风险控制效果。     

基于决策支持系统的高校人事管理信息化建设

人事管理信息化程度影响着高校人事工作效率和人事决策的实施,以决策支持系统的视角来研究高校人事管理信息化,对进一步加快人事管理的现代化进程、促进人事管理信息系统的建设,最终实现高等学校人事管理的全面信息化具有重要的理论和现实意义.     

Reliable flight performance assessment of multirotor based on interacting multiple model particle filter and health degree

Multirotor has been applied to many military and civilian mission scenarios. From the perspective of reliability, it is difficult to ensure that multirotors do not generate hardware and software failures or performance anomalies during the flight process. These failures and anomalies may result in mission interruptions, crashes, and even threats to the lives and property of human beings. Thus, the study of flight reliability problems of multirotors is conductive to the development of the drone industry and has theoretical significance and engineering value. This paper proposes a reliable flight performance assessment method of multirotors based on an Interacting Multiple Model Particle Filter (IMMPF) algorithm and health degree as the performance indicator. First, the multirotor is modeled by the Stochastic Hybrid System (SHS) model, and the problem of reliable flight performance assessment is formulated. In order to solve the problem, the IMMPF algorithm is presented to estimate the real-time probability distribution of hybrid state of the established SHS-based multirotor model, since it can decrease estimation errors compared with the standard interacting multiple model algorithm based on extended Kalman filter. Then, the reliable flight performance is assessed with health degree based on the estimation result. Finally, a case study of a multirotor suffering from sensor anomalies is presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

军用装备大规模可编程逻辑器件设计计价方法

大规模逻辑编程器件已在军用装备中得到了广泛应用,但目前为止国家还没有相关文件和标准明确其价格评估.长此以往对军用装备的质量必将产生一些不利影响.同时,缺乏科学成本预测工具和价格审核手段的现状,对装备经费资源也会造成很大浪费.根据实际工作经验,分析了影响大规模逻辑编程器件设计价格的主要因素和注意事项,提出了一套大规模逻辑编程的新评估计价方法.     

由感知到动作决策一体化的类脑导航技术研究现状与未来发展

随着脑与神经科学以及人工智能技术的持续发展，昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理启发下的感知/认知/路径规划/动作决策一体化类脑导航技术得到了较大发展，可以实现由原始感知信息输入到导航动作决策的直接输出，呈现出接近动物端到端面向目标导航的智能行为，具有提高密集型无人机集群导航鲁棒性、准确性、实时响应动作、自主智能性以及计算效率的潜力。阐述了昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理及其互补对称关系，以及昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理启发的端到端类脑导航技术内涵；论述了类脑导航技术研究进展，包括类脑环境感知、类脑空间认知、面向目标类脑导航；分析了类脑导航向智能化、神经形态系统以及群体导航发展的新趋势；最后讨论了类脑导航技术应用于无人机密集集群系统时存在的挑战。     

主/从动式组合旋翼悬停状态气动特性分析

针对传统直升机构型中主旋翼旋转时产生的扭矩需要尾翼或是反向旋转的共轴旋翼加以抵消,从而造成能量浪费的问题,以将主旋翼旋转时产生的扭矩转化为升力为出发点,提出了一种主旋翼带动下方无动力旋翼旋转的主/从动式组合旋翼气动布局构型。通过动量叶素理论以及CFD数值模拟中的多重参考系法,对主/从动式组合旋翼悬停状态的气动特性进行了初步分析,结果表明,此构型中的下方从动旋翼利用上方主动旋翼的扭矩产生了额外10%的升力,同时下方从动旋翼在上方主动旋翼引流的有利干扰下升力系数提高了35%。     

基于多核融合的目标大面积遮挡处理方法

提出了一种基于多核融合的目标遮挡处理方法,用于提高大面积遮挡情况下视觉目标跟踪算法的鲁棒性和准确性.与现有基于单个对称核加权直方图的mean shift跟踪算法不同,该方法以目标区域内的多个非中心位置为核函数中心,构建多个非对称核加权直方图.由于这些直方图对目标的不同区域赋予了不同的权重,使得在遮挡发生时总存在一些直方图受影响较小.依据各个直方图分别进行mean shift迭代获得一组目标位置估计后,利用D-S证据理论融合判定最终的目标位置.实验结果表明,该方法在目标被大面积遮挡时仍能够获得准确的跟踪.     

Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS)

Early warning systems represent an innovative and effective approach to mitigate the risk associated with natural hazards. Early warning technologies are now available for almost all natural hazards and systems are already in operation in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, recent disasters such as the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and Katrina hurricane in 2005, highlighted inadequacies in early warning technologies.

Efforts towards the development of a global warning system are necessary for turning the tide in early warning processes and technologies. There is a pressing need for a globally comprehensive early warning system based on existing systems. The global system should be a mechanism which can consolidate scientific information and evidences, package this knowledge in a form usable to international and national decision makers and actively disseminate this information to those users.

The proposed Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS) will provide information emanating from monitoring, Earth observing and early warning systems to users in a near-real-time mode and bridge the gap between the scientific community and policy makers. Characteristics and operational aspects of such a service, GEAS, are discussed.     

企业产品决策信息支持平台实证研究

文章阐述DSS系统实现的一种方法，在理论分析的基础上，通过案例进行模拟，证明系统的实用价值。     

关于跨声速流动问题的多重解

本文讨论了跨声速流小扰动方程Riemann问题的多重解及物理上可实现的解的判别。