过载约束下的大机动目标协同拦截

研究了非线性拦截几何下具有过载约束的多枚弱机动能力的导弹拦截强机动能力的目标的协同拦截问题。首先，在建立导弹的可达域、导弹的可行域以及目标的逃逸域这3个概念的基础上提出了非线性拦截几何下的基于逃逸域覆盖的协同拦截策略，并提出了基于标准弹道的设计方法。然后，给出了协同拦截制导律的形式，研究了导弹的末制导初始阵位、制导律参数以及导弹对目标机动的覆盖区域这三者间的关系，并设计了数值求解算法来实现对多弹的覆盖区域的分配、协同制导律的设计以及多弹初始拦截阵位的配置。最后，对理论结果进行仿真。结果显示，多枚机动性较小的导弹，通过初始拦截阵位的合理配置和协同拦截制导律的合理设计，可以实现对机动性能较强的目标的协同拦截。     

Multiple-constraint cooperative guidance based on two-stage sequential convex programming

An improved approach is presented in this paper to implement highly constrained cooperative guidance to attack a stationary target. The problem with time-varying Proportional Navigation (PN) gain is first formulated as a nonlinear optimal control problem, which is difficult to solve due to the existence of nonlinear kinematics and nonconvex constraints. After convexification treatments and discretization, the solution to the original problem can be approximately obtained by solving a sequence of Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP) problems, which can be readily solved by state-of-the-art Interior-Point Methods (IPMs). To mitigate the sensibility of the algorithm on the user-provided initial profile, a Two-Stage Sequential Convex Programming (TSSCP) method is presented in detail. Furthermore, numerical simulations under different mission scenarios are conducted to show the superiority of the proposed method in solving the cooperative guidance problem. The research indicated that the TSSCP method is more tractable and reliable than the traditional methods and has great potential for real-time processing and on-board implementation.     

多约束多星快响巡察任务规划方法

多星快响巡察任务是指多个目标卫星出现不明状况,巡察服务平台在短时间内进行轨道转移,携带多个子航天器对目标进行飞越巡察。对于该问题的任务规划,首先基于共面机动给出了平台调相策略并建立了满足光照和机动能力等约束的巡察窗口筛选计算模型;其次提出了一种贪婪搜索和多轮规划的方法,用于确定任务分配方案和巡察次序;最后在高精度轨道模型下验证了方法的有效性并将该方法与混合编码遗传算法进行了对比。在算例中,该方法的优化效果稍优于混合编码遗传算法,而且求解效率是后者的约227倍,表明贪婪搜索和多轮规划方法更适用该问题的高效求解。     

双臂协调机械手动力学建模的新方法

由于某种既定任务而产生的约束关系的存在,使得双臂协调机械手的动力学特性表现出高度的非线性和耦合性。因此,利用传统的拉格朗日方程建立其动力学模型显得困难重重。针对平面双臂协调搬运机械手的动力学建模问题,基于传统的拉格朗日方程给出并证明了平面多杆机械手动力学方程的一般表达式。然后利用上述表达式,并基于分析力学界著名的Udwadia-Kalaba方程的建模思想,获得双臂协调机械手在预定轨迹下各杆所需附加力矩的解析表达式及系统的动力学方程,克服了传统拉格朗日方程需借助拉格朗日乘子获得动力学方程的缺点。双臂协调机械手的关节角变化规律和被搬运物体轨迹的数值仿真结果证明所建立的动力学方程符合实际情况。      

Coordinated Multiple Spacecraft Attitude Control with Communication Time Delays and Uncertainties

In this paper, we consider the coordinated attitude control problem of spacecraft formation with communication delays, model and disturbance uncertainties, and propose novel synchronized control schemes. Since the attitude motion is essential in non-Euclidean space, thus, unlike the existing designs which describe the delayed relative attitude via linear algorithm, we treat the attitude error and the local relative attitude on the nonlinear manifold-Lie group, and attempt to obtain coupling attitude information by the natural quaternion multiplication. Our main focus is to address two problems:1) Propose a coordinated attitude controller to achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver, i.e., synchronize multiple spacecraft attitudes and track a time-varying desired attitude; 2) With known model information, we achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver with disturbances under angular velocity constraints. Especially, if the formation does not have any uncertainties, the designer can simply set the controller via an appropriate choice of control gains to avoid system actuator saturation. Our controllers are proposed based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method and simulation of a spacecraft formation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.     

Optimal two-impulse rendezvous with terminal tangent burn considering the trajectory constraints

The two-impulse orbital rendezvous problem with a terminal tangent burn between coplanar elliptical orbits is studied by considering a lower bound on perigee radius and an upper bound on apogee radius for the transfer orbit. This problem requires that two spacecraft arrive at the rendezvous point with the same arrival flight-path angle after the same flight time. The admissible range of the final true anomaly that meets the perigee and apogee constraints is obtained in closed form. The revolution number of the transfer orbit is expressed as a function of the true anomaly and the revolution numbers of the initial and final orbits. All the feasible solutions are obtained with a bound on the revolution number of the final orbit. Then, the minimum-fuel one is determined by comparing their costs. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to obtain all the feasible solutions for given initial impulse points and the optimal solution with the initial coasting arc. Numerical results show that the minimum-fuel solution for the terminal tangent burn rendezvous is close to that for the cotangent rendezvous when the rendezvous time is long enough; however, the cotangent rendezvous may not exist when the rendezvous time is short.     

一种平面约束辅助测量的深空探测器自主天文导航方法

深空探测任务中自主导航测量误差是影响深空探测自主导航系统精度的主要影响因素。针对抑制自主导航测量误差的问题,提出一种平面约束辅助测量的深空探测器自主天文导航方法,该方法在对系统非线性不等式几何平面约束建模的基础上,利用序列二次规划(Sequential Quadratic Programming,SQP)非线性规划方法,对深空探测器自主天文导航系统的非线性不等式约束进行非线性规划,直接辅助减小深空探测器自主导航系统的量测误差;利用CKF-SQP量测优化非线性约束滤波方法,对深空探测器自主导航系统的状态进行估计,进一步减小系统随机误差。仿真结果表明:所提方法可以有效抑制测量误差,实现深空探测器高精度自主导航。该方法可为深空探测器提供一种可行的高精度自主导航方法。     

约束处理策略对遗传算法优化性能的影响

根据遗传算法处理带约束优化问题时常用的拒绝策略或惩罚策略的优势与不足,提出一种“自适应拒绝＋惩罚”相结合的约束处理策略,分别采用3种不同约束处理策略完成了空中发射运载火箭的优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较.结果表明,对于约束严的优化问题,拒绝策略收敛速度较慢;惩罚策略中罚函数的形式对优化结果影响较大;“自适应拒绝＋惩罚”策略拒绝所有约束破坏程度超过容许范围的非可行解,并对约束破坏程度在容许范围内的非可行解进行惩罚,可大大改善遗传算法处理严约束优化问题的优化性能.     

以已有核心机为基础进行发动机系列发展的初步研究

在已有的核心机基础上可发展出一系列发动机。部件匹配的约束条件将限制设计循环参数的选择。为了进行定量分析,建立了一个性能仿真模型。以发展大涵道比涡扇发动机为例,说明了约束条件对设计循环参数的限制。初步分析给出了循环参数和总体性能间的关系。      

渐进扩展的优先关系矩阵

应用扩展矩阵描述并行工艺规划中动态变化的优先关系,通过状态转化构造矩阵的动态生成,通过迭代递进形成扩展过程,主要算法步骤是:①构造约束集合;②在约束集上依据优先准则构造约束矩阵;③生成优先矩阵的扩展行、列向量;④组合扩展优先矩阵.由此,建立了与动态CAD设计交叉并行、逐步完善的工艺优先关系描述方法.