非线性规划的人工释能及单变量曲径寻优算法

给出了求解一般不等式约束的非线性规划问题的一个常微分程的解法。其一维搜索的路径是约束央面上的一条最短线,其方程是由变分法建立的一组常微分方程的初值问题所确定的,。在初始点位于可行域内部时,采用人工释能法来求得下一个改进的可行点。数值例子表明核算法具有较了的计策效果。     

对接机构隔框锁的接触碰撞动力学研究及仿真

为了给空间对接飞行器提供地面试验的参考依据。验证隔框锁结构设计的正确性和对接过程的可行性。本文针对隔框锁实例，在其运动平面内以均匀B样条曲线抉合锁钩外轮廓。并建立起接触碰撞动力学微分方程和仿真模型，分析了刚体碰撞的过程，刚性接触的单边约束条件和考虑变形接触的法向计算方法，文章还提出了基于几何引擎的接触点的实时判别算法，并给出了对接完成锁钩的接触力，动能及动量的仿真曲线图。计算过程稳定，所得结果合理，具有重要的参考价值。     

The GFZ real-time GNSS precise positioning service system and its adaption for COMPASS

Motivated by the IGS real-time Pilot Project, GFZ has been developing its own real-time precise positioning service for various applications. An operational system at GFZ is now broadcasting real-time orbits, clocks, global ionospheric model, uncalibrated phase delays and regional atmospheric corrections for standard PPP, PPP with ambiguity fixing, single-frequency PPP and regional augmented PPP. To avoid developing various algorithms for different applications, we proposed a uniform algorithm and implemented it into our real-time software. In the new processing scheme, we employed un-differenced raw observations with atmospheric delays as parameters, which are properly constrained by real-time derived global ionospheric model or regional atmospheric corrections and by the empirical characteristics of the atmospheric delay variation in time and space. The positioning performance in terms of convergence time and ambiguity fixing depends mainly on the quality of the received atmospheric information and the spatial and temporal constraints. The un-differenced raw observation model can not only integrate PPP and NRTK into a seamless positioning service, but also syncretize these two techniques into a unique model and algorithm. Furthermore, it is suitable for both dual-frequency and sing-frequency receivers. Based on the real-time data streams from IGS, EUREF and SAPOS reference networks, we can provide services of global precise point positioning (PPP) with 5–10 cm accuracy, PPP with ambiguity-fixing of 2–5 cm accuracy, PPP using single-frequency receiver with accuracy of better than 50 cm and PPP with regional augmentation for instantaneous ambiguity resolution of 1–3 cm accuracy. We adapted the system for current COMPASS to provide PPP service. COMPASS observations from a regional network of nine stations are used for precise orbit determination and clock estimation in simulated real-time mode, the orbit and clock products are applied for real-time precise point positioning. The simulated real-time PPP service confirms that real-time positioning services of accuracy at dm-level and even cm-level is achievable with COMPASS only.     

大型客机气动设计综述

中国大型客机研制过程中追求"三减，四性"：减阻、减重、减排，安全性、经济性、舒适性、环保性。中国大型客机采用翼下常规布局形式，放宽静稳定技术，发动机选用CFM公司Leapx-1C发动机，这对气动设计技术在工程适用性上提出了极高的要求。大型客机是中国第1架完全自主知识产权民用飞机，本文综述了其设计过程中采用的先进气动优化设计方法、CFD分析和充分的风洞试验验证，说明了超临界机翼设计、高效增升装置设计、飞机/发动机一体化设计、尾翼设计、翼梢小翼设计和部件精细化减阻设计技术，能实现大型客机的减阻应用设计。研究表明，中国大型客机在气动设计水平和设计方法上取得了一系列的进展和突破，实现了设计具有较强竞争力的先进民用飞机的目标。     

突发事件下大规模空中交通流量管理的组合优化模型

为了解决危险天气和军航活动对管制运行的影响，使用动态网络流方法对突发事件下短期空中交通流量调度问题展开研究。首先，结合中国民航管制的特点，分析了突发事件对流量管理的影响。同时，根据航路航线网络及其高度层的特点，给出了网络和高度层的数学描述，并根据机型将航空器分成大、中和小3种交通流，介绍了使用多品种流描述3种机型的必要性；其次，根据网络拥挤程度随时间和流量变化的特点、危险天气随机变化的特点、空中等待和地面等待费用差异的特点构建了3个优化目标，考虑机场容量、扇区容量、航班连续性和扇区连续性约束建立了多目标优化模型；再次，针对军航活动时需要协调空域的特点，多品种流模型求解时间复杂度高，不能适应短期流量管理的缺陷，改进了逐步宽容约束法，设计了一种阶段式求解的近似算法；最后，以西南空管局管制的空域为例，利用实际流量数据，设计了3个场景进行仿真。结果表明，所提模型和算法能有效求解突发事件下的短期流量调度问题，算法效率比起传统算法在大流量下更具优势。     

Phase plane design based fast altitude tracking control for hypersonic flight vehicle with angle of attack constraint

In this paper, fast setpoint altitude tracking control for Hypersonic Flight Vehicle (HFV) satisfying Angle of Attack (AOA) constraint is studied with a two-loop structure controller, in the presence of parameter uncertainties and disturbances. For the outer loop, phase plane design is adopted for the simplified model under Bang-Bang controller to generate AOA command guaranteeing fast tracking performance. Modifications based on Feedback-Linearization (FL) technique are adopted to transform the phase trajectory into a sliding curve. Moreover, to resist mismatch between design model and actual model, Fast Exponential Reaching Law (FERL) is augmented with the baseline controller to maintain state on the sliding curve. The inner-loop controller is based on backstepping technique to track the AOA command generated by outer-loop controller. Barrier Lyapunov Function (BLF) design is employed to satisfy AOA requirement. Moreover, a novel auxiliary state is introduced to remove the restriction of BLF design on initial tracking errors. Dynamic Surface Control (DSC) is utilized to ease the computation burden. Rigorous stability proof is then given, and AOA is guaranteed to stay in predefined region theoretically. Simulations are conducted to verify the efficiency and superior performance of the proposed method.     

Filters for manufacturability in design optimization of variable stiffness composites

In the design optimization of variable stiffness composites, manufacturing constraints imposed by the automated fiber placement technology must be considered. In the present paper, two filters are proposed to address this issue, and they are incorporated into the Shepard interpolation-based design optimization framework developed in our previous studies. The fiber angle arrangement of a composite is represented by a continuous function that interpolates fiber angles at scattered design points. Two filters are appointed for each design point to deal with two typical manufacturing constraints, i.e., fiber curvature and gap/overlap. At each design point, the sensitivity is first filtered in a rectangular region around this point, and by this means the fiber curvature is controlled; then in another rectangular region around this design point, the filtered sensitivities are averaged, and the result is used to update the corresponding design variable. Several numerical examples are investigated, and the results show that the proposed method is effective.     

Polynomial networks based adaptive attitude tracking control for NSVs with input constraints and stochastic noises

This paper proposes a backstepping technique and Multi-dimensional Taylor Polynomial Networks (MTPN) based adaptive attitude tracking control strategy for Near Space Vehicles (NSVs) subjected to input constraints and stochastic input noises. Firstly, considering the control input has stochastic noises, and the attitude motion dynamical model of the NSVs is actually modeled as the Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) stochastic nonlinear system form. Furthermore, the MTPN is used to estimate the unknown system uncertainties, and an auxiliary system is designed to compensate the influence of the saturation control input. Then, by using backstepping method and the output of the auxiliary system, a MTPN-based robust adaptive attitude control approach is proposed for the NSVs with saturation input nonlinearity, stochastic input noises, and system uncertainties. Stochastic Lyapunov stability theory is utilized to analysis the stability in the sense of probability of the entire closed-loop system. Additionally, by selecting appropriate parameters, the tracking errors will converge to a small neighborhood with a tunable radius. Finally, the numerical simulation results of the NSVs attitude motion show the satisfactory flight control performance under the proposed tracking control strategy.     

考虑高耗时约束的追峰采样智能探索方法

针对现代飞行器设计等工程优化问题中面临的约束高耗时难题,在标准追峰采样（MPS）方法的基础上,提出了一种基于过滤器的MPS-DCP设计空间智能探索方法（FMPS-DCP）,训练径向基函数网络预示高耗时目标函数与约束条件响应,利用KS方程聚合高耗时约束并根据过滤器思想筛选优质简单样本点,定制了一套新增样本点选择策略引导优化过程快速向全局可行最优解收敛,从而提高了求解高耗时约束优化问题的效率。采用一组标准约束测试算例验证FMPS-DCP方法的性能,并与CiMPS、Extended ConstrLMSRBF、ARSM-ISES和KRG-CDE智能探索方法进行对比。结果表明,FMPS-DCP在优化效率与鲁棒性方面具有显著的性能优势。最后,通过全电推进卫星平台多学科设计优化案例,验证了FMPS-DCP的工程实用性。     

大尺寸交会测量系统传感器布站优化分析

为提高目标定位精度,研究了多站交会大尺寸精密测量系统中传感器布站优化方法。首先,以电子经纬仪为例创建了多站交会测量系统基于传感器误差分离的优化布站数学模型;然后,分析了测量空间内的布站约束条件并对之进行了几何近似;最后,利用郭涛算法求解带有约束的非线性规划问题,得到布站空间内传感器最佳位置组合。仿真分析结果表明,该方法能够有效提高系统测量精度,可应用于多站交会测量现场布站过程。