应用模糊变权的启发式搜索进行飞行轨迹优化

回顾了军机轨迹优化问题的提出及研究历史，介绍了几种主要方法的特点，特别是启发式搜索算法应用于飞行轨迹优化问题时存在的主要问题。提出为了得到较好的近优路径而采取的模糊变权处理方法。通过计算不同加权下解的情况，说明模糊变权方法是使加权随具体情况作相应调整的有效手段，为提高飞行路径规划系统的有效性开辟了一个新思路。     

Improved NSGA-II Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm Based on Hybridization-encouraged Mechanism

To improve performances of multi-objective optimization algorithms, such as convergence and diversity, a hybridization- encouraged mechanism is proposed and realized in elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-Ⅱ）. This mechanism uses the normalized distance to evaluate the difference among genes in a population. Three possible modes of crossover operators--＂Max Distance＂, ＂Min-Max Distance＂, and ＂Neighboring-Max＂--are suggested and analyzed. The mode of ＂Neighboring-Max＂, which not only takes advantage of hybridization but also improves the distribution of the population near Pareto optimal front, is chosen and used in NSGA-Ⅱ on the basis of hybridization-encouraged mechanism （short for HEM-based NSGA-Ⅱ）. To prove the HEM-based algorithm, several problems are studied by using standard NSGA-Ⅱ and the presented method. Different evaluation criteria are also used to judge these algorithms in terms of distribution of solutions, convergence, diversity, and quality of solutions. The numerical results indicate that the application of hybridization-encouraged mechanism could effectively improve the performances of genetic algorithm. Finally, as an example in engineering practices, the presented method is used to design a longitudinal flight control system, which demonstrates the obtainability of a reasonable and correct Pareto front.     

电火花加工计算机辅助工艺过程设计系统

介绍电火花计算机辅助工艺过程设计系统（ＣＡＰＰＳ），用于为一个给定目标选择最佳操作。同时，还考虑了其它的会影响ＥＤＭ加工过程的加工方法（如铣削等）。系统的输入信息是在已有的ＣＡＤ信息的基础上产生的基于ＣＡＰＰ特征的工件描述。每个特征类对应于一个特定的一般工艺规程，并由系统对其进行评价，然后基于最低成本的原则，计算出最优工艺规程。同时还介绍了一种计算工时的通用方法。     

改进PointNetLK的点云智能配准与位姿图优化方法

针对空间在轨服务任务中的非合作目标相对位姿测量问题,提出一种目标可测部位点云的智能配准方法。首先,通过Straight Through滤波算法对半物理仿真平台采集得到的点云进行目标提取,以消除背景数据等杂乱信息;其次,改进PointNetLK神经网络点云配准算法,将提取后的点云数据作为输入,从而获得初步配准结果,解决非合作目标先验信息缺失导致的无法配准问题;最后,建立基于位姿图的优化模型,以降低配准误差,提高配准精度。实验结果表明,与传统迭代最近点(ICP)算法相比,配准综合误差从6.3598降低到1.7291,精度提高约 72.81% 单次耗时从33.16 s降低到4.2 s,效率提升约87.33%,与当前SM ICP等其他算法相比,也具有一定的优势。     

基于高效数值方法的一种高超声速飞行器外形气动力/热综合优化设计研究

基于所发展的高效气动力/热快速预测方法,建立了适用于高超声速飞行器的综合考虑气动力与气动热特性的外形优化设计技术,并在一种高超声速飞行器外形设计中应用,通过优化设计改变了初始外形纵向静不稳定特性,优化后外形实现了纵向静稳定、大攻角自配平和非驻点表面最大热流下降的设计目标。所发展的方法为适应气动外形快速选型设计需求提供了有效的途径。     

基于左手材料的翼面隐身结构设计及优化

翼面隐身结构能同时满足飞行器机翼气动、结构和隐身的要求,但在空间有限的机翼中应用时,由于结构特点使其隐身效果受到限制。为了解决该问题,在传统隐身结构中加入左手材料(LHM)进行改进。首先选取一种典型的LHM,从隐身设计角度出发,利用其雷达散射截面(RCS)计算不同入射角度下的后向吸收率,对其电磁特性进行研究。然后根据LHM的电磁特性,将其应用于翼面隐身结构,在相同的RCS减缩效果下,应用LHM可有效降低隐身结构体积。最后,为了进一步提高隐身效果,提出一种夹芯型LHM翼面隐身结构,并对该隐身结构中的结构参数利用代理模型进行优化。研究结果表明,相较金属翼面段RCS降低了15dB以上,较相同结构的翼面隐身结构RCS降低了10dB以上。     

A strategic flight conflict avoidance approach based on a memetic algorithm

Conflict avoidance （CA） plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm （MA）, which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm （GA） is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches.     

Aeroelastic two-level optimization for preliminary design of wing structures considering robust constraints

An aeroelastic two-level optimization methodology for preliminary design of wing struc- tures is presented, in which the parameters for structural layout and sizes are taken as design vari- ables in the first-level optimization, and robust constraints in conjunction with conventional aeroelastic constraints are considered in the second-level optimization. A low-order panel method is used for aerodynamic analysis in the first-level optimization, and a high-order panel method is employed in the second-level optimization. It is concluded that the design of the abovementioned structural parameters of a wing can be improved using the present method with high efficiency. An improvement is seen in aeroelastic performance of the wing obtained with the present method when compared to the initial wing. Since these optimized structures are obtained after consideration of aerodynamic and structural uncertainties, they are well suited to encounter these uncertainties when they occur in reality.     

转子-支承耦合结构的模型修正研究

在转子-支承耦合结构的动力学分析过程中,结构模态参数计算结果与实验测试结果往往存在较大差异。针对此问题,应用优化算法对结构动力学模型进行修正,使计算模型能更准确地反映结构特性。建立由梁单元、盘单元、弹性支承单元组成的结构动力学有限元模型;选择优化目标函数、设计参数,并对各参数进行灵敏度分析。应用粒子群算法对选取的设计参数进行优化,得到最优模型。利用转子-滚动轴承实验器进行验证,结果表明,方法能够有效地实现转子-支承耦合结构的动力学模型修正,修正后模型更接近实际结构。     

大尺寸复合材料RTM波纹梁设计优化

为了对使用Resin Transfer Molding(RTM)工艺制造的大尺寸复合材料波纹梁进行结构减重设计优化,运用CATIA软件复合材料设计模块对大尺寸波纹梁进行多厚度分区设计,并编制FORTRAN软件二次开发程序对波纹梁铺层角度和顺序进行优化,进行静强度计算,设计并进行波纹梁剪切试验,制造的波纹梁在某型飞机上成功应用并取得了明显的减重效果。