翼型动失速和非定常载荷的综合翼型数据方法

本文给出受迫谐振翼型的动失速工程估算方法。本方法基于凤洞试验，综合分析翼型动、稳态特性之间的差别与动、稳态条件之间的关系，建立一套估算动、稳态特性之间差别的经验公式，修正稳态特性，得到相应的动态特性。用本方法计算了三种翼型不同动态条件（包括深失速和后掠）的动失速特性，并与测量和文献结果进行了比较，结果符合得相当好。     

Transonic buffet control research with two types of shock control bump based on RAE2822 airfoil

Current research shows that the traditional shock control bump (SCB) can weaken the intensity of shock and better the transonic buffet performance.The author finds that when SCB is placed downstream of the shock,it can decrease the adverse pressure gradient.This may prevent the shock foot separation bubble to merge with the trailing edge separation and finally improve the buffet performance.Based on RAE2822 airfoil,two types of SCB are designed according to the two different mechanisms.By using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) methods to analyze the properties of RAE2822 airfoil with and without SCB,the results show that the downstream SCB can better the buffet performance under a wide range of freestream Mach number and the steady aerodynamics characteristic is similar to that of RAE2822 airfoil.The traditional SCB can only weaken the intensity of the shock under the design condition.Under the off-design conditions,the SCB does not do much to or even worsen the buffet performance.Indeed,the use of backward bump can flatten the leeward side of the airfoil,and this is similar to the mechanism that supercritical airfoil can weaken the recompression of shock wave.     

A compliant polymorphing wing for small UAVs

This paper presents the development of a novel compliant polymorphing wing capable of chord and camber morphing for small UAVs. The morphing wing can achieve up to 10% chord extension and ±20° camber changes. The design, modeling, sizing, manufacturing and mechanical testing of the wing are detailed. The polymorphing wing consists of one continuous front spar fixed to the fuselage and a rear spar on each side of the wing. Each rear spar can translate in the chordwise direction (chord morphing) and rotate around itself (camber morphing). A flexible elastomeric latex sheet is used as the skin to cover the wing and maintain its aerodynamic shape whilst allowing morphing. The loads from the skin are transferred to the spars using the compliant cellular ribs that support the flexible skin and facilitate morphing. Pre-tensioning is applied to the skin to minimize wrinkling when subject to aerodynamic and actuation loads. A rack and pinion actuation system, powered by stepper motors, is used for morphing. Aero-structural design, analysis and sizing are conducted. Performance comparison between the polymorphing wing and the baseline wing (non-morphing) shows that chord morphing improves aerodynamic efficiency at low angles of attack while camber morphing improves efficiency at high angles of attack.     

可变形翼战术导弹飞行动力学联合仿真研究

基于集中质量假设发展的一套适于可变形翼导弹的多体运动模型,以附加惯性项及快变气动参数的形式来反映弹翼变形对导弹动态特性的影响,涉及交叉求解不同弹翼外形对应的气动特性及运动方程.由此提出的一种基于Missile DATCOM与MATLAB/SIMULlNK的联合仿真方法,应用于典型轴对称导弹的变翼动态特性研究中,快速有效...     

Aerodynamics of smart flap under ground effect

Aerodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional smart flap under the ground effect have been assessed by a numerical simulation. In this process, a pressure-based implicit procedure to solve Navier–Stokes equations on a nonorthogonal mesh with collocated finite volume formulation is used. The boundedness criteria for this procedure are determined from the Normalized Variable Diagram (NVD) scheme. The procedure incorporates the k–ε eddy–viscosity turbulence model. Cantilever beam with uniformly varying load with roller support at the free end is considered for the configuration of the smart flap. The method is first validated against experimental data. Then, the algorithm is applied for turbulent aerodynamic flows around airfoil with smart and conventional flaps for different attack angle, flap angle and ground clearance where the results of two flaps are compared. The comparisons show that the quality of the solution is considerable.     

基于Kalman滤波的变体飞行器T-S模糊控制

针对变体飞行器的跟踪控制问题,提出了一种基于Kalman滤波的T-S模糊控制方法。考虑飞行器系统状态不可测,引入惯导数据作为辅助信息,利用Kalman滤波算法融合飞控信息与惯导信息实现状态估计。由于变体飞行器在不同变形结构下气动特性变化较大,为便于控制器设计,采用小扰动线性化方法得到飞行器在不同平衡点处的局部线性模型,并通过状态反馈方法设计局部控制器,局部线性模型和局部控制器通过模糊集和模糊规则聚合成一个连续光滑的全局T-S模糊模型和T-S模糊控制器。通过综合Kalman滤波器与T-S模糊控制器得到一个基于Kalman滤波的T-S模糊控制器。仿真结果表明,该控制器在变形过程中能够实现状态估计,保证飞机的跟踪性能。     

结冰翼型表面明冰的压力分布和应力计算

在不同来流速度和攻角下,比较分析了冰型外部压力分布的变化规律,计算分析了外部压力分布对表面冰型的力学特性影响规律,研究了冰型和蒙皮界面间最大剪切应力的变化规律,并结合剪切强度随界面温度变化的实验曲线,分析了最大剪切应力对冰层脱落的贡献.计算结果表明:最大剪切应力是剪切强度的5.48%,因此气动力对冰层的脱落贡献不大;当开启热除冰装置后,由于蒙皮表面温度的不断上升,冰型和蒙皮界面间剪切强度的下降,当表面温度为-2℃时,最大剪切应力超过剪切强度的10%,此位置可能率先产生破裂,从而加速冰层的脱落.      

变体飞机典型形式的历史发展及其应用机型浅析

绝大多数变体飞机形式都不是"突然出现"的全新概念,而是来源于相关技术在过去近百年里的长期积累。因此,特定变体飞机形式及其技术既可广泛用于与其历史发展密切相关的有人驾驶飞机,也可用于总体特性类似的无人驾驶飞机。本文剖析了部分变体飞机形式的技术发展渊源,分析了变体飞机发展和无人机的关系,并指出了多种变体飞机在具体机型上的应用前景。     

Gurney襟翼改善翼型动态失速特性研究

采用CFD数值方法,研究了NACA0012翼型、加装传统Gurney襟翼及改进不对称Gurney襟翼后翼型的动态失速特性。给出了传统襟翼对翼型动态失速特性的影响,并带来较大动态低头力矩的不足,基于传统襟翼的不足,提出了改进的不对称Gurney襟翼方案。研究表明,不对称Gurney襟翼可较好改善翼型的动态失速特性,在增加动态升力的同时,俯仰低头力矩明显减小,可能是直升机旋翼的较理想翼型。     

机翼电加热防冰表面内外传热的耦合计算

分析了机翼防冰表面的传热传质现象,对电加热防冰表面内外传热耦合计算进行了研究.采用附面层积分法对机翼表面传热系数进行计算.根据传热传质比拟得到了防冰表面蒸发量.建立表面微元的能量与质量守恒差分方程组,利用高斯-赛德尔迭代法求解,将外部防冰载荷、蒙皮弦向导热和内部加热热流三者耦合,采用亚松弛系数稳定迭代过程,最后得到平衡表面温度、溢流水和溢流结冰的范围.计算结果和文献中试验以及其他数值仿真结果比较,吻合较好,表明了模型及计算方法的正确性.