铝合金车轮的现状与发展

摩托车铝合金车是８０年代末发展起来的新产品，目前已形成一个规模齐全的新兴行业。本文介绍了铝合金车轮行业的现实状况，并提出了发展思路。     

飞轮隔振平台组合系统的动力学建模

为分析隔振平台对星上飞轮扰动的衰减效果,研究了飞轮隔振平台组合系统的动力学建模问题.首先推导出含有静动不平衡量的飞轮加隔振平台组合系统的动力学模型.从模型中得出,飞轮和平台之间存在耦合;转子的静动不平衡会体现为飞轮的多项扰动力和扰动力矩.其次,对这些扰动项进行量级分析,并据此简化系统方程.最后利用数值仿真将简化模型与之前的完整模型作对比,验证了此简化模型的合理性;并通过初步的整星系统仿真,说明了隔振系统对航天器姿态稳定度的改善效果.     

FY-3(05)星主动对月定标控制技术研究

月球是低轨气象卫星载荷进行外定标的一个理想目标,不同载荷通过观测月球可以建立统一的参考基准,提高相互之间的数据匹配性.对于低轨卫星,月球一般每月一次进入载荷的视场,但停留时间只有几秒钟.为进一步提高对月定标的观测时长,积累更多的观测数据,本文针对低轨偏置动量卫星提出了一种主动对月定标控制方案,通过卫星平台的姿态控制,使...     

基于反射型超表面的超宽带涡旋波生成

由于轨道角动量的模态正交性,涡旋波的应用已成为提升信道容量的关键。然而,现有的涡旋波产生装置存在带宽窄、效率低、结构复杂等缺点,不利于无线通信系统信号的高效传输。文章利用 Pancharatnam-Berry相位原理,提出了 1种用于产生涡旋波的反射型超表面,能覆盖 8.6~19.3 GHz(相对带宽 76.7%)的频率范围,且在整个工作频带内入射平面波转换为反射涡旋波的效率达 80%以上。为验证所提超表面结构的性能,模拟了由不同旋转角的单元结构组成的超表面反射阵列,在右旋圆极化波的激励下,产生了期望模式数 l= 2的轨道角动量涡旋波,其数值模拟结果与理论相符。提出的超表面具有工作频带宽、模式纯度较高、低剖面、易于制作等优点,为超宽带涡旋波的产生提供了新的参考。     

Prediction on grinding force during grinding powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 with electroplated CBN abrasive wheel

In this article, a grinding force model, which is on the basis of cutting process of single abrasive grains combined with the method of theoretical derivation and empirical formula by analyzing the formation mechanism of grinding force, was established. Three key factors have been taken into accounts in this model, such as the contact friction force between abrasive grains and materials, the plastic deformation of material in the process of abrasive plowing, and the shear strain effect of material during the process of cutting chips formation. The model was finally validated by the orthogonal grinding experiment of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 by using the electroplated CBN abrasive wheel. Grinding force values of prediction and experiment were in good consistency. The errors of tangential grinding force and normal grinding force were 9.8% and 13.6%, respectively. The contributions of sliding force, plowing force and chip formation force were also analyzed. In addition, the tangential forces of sliding, plowing and chip formation are 14%, 19% and 11% of the normal forces on average, respectively. The pro-posed grinding force model is not only in favor of optimizing the grinding parameters and improving grinding efficiency, but also contributes to study some other grinding subjects (e.g. abrasive wheel wear, grinding heat, residual stress).     

基于逆动态和变结构理论的空间飞行器大角度机动控制

针对飞行器大角度机动的控制问题具有强耦合、高度非线性、参数不确定性等特点,本文首先利用逆动态控制的非线性解耦能力对系统进行非线性解耦,然后基于变结构控制的鲁棒性进行控制器的设计,并在MATLAB环境下进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该控制方法在有外界干扰和系统参数不确定的条件下具有较快的收敛性和一定的鲁棒性。     

Adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant control for satellite attitude tracking system

In this paper, an adaptive modified sliding mode control approach is developed for attitude tracking of a nano-satellite with three magnetorquers and one reaction wheel. A sliding variable is chosen based on finite-time convergence of the nano-satellite attitude tracking error and avoiding the singularity of the control signal. The control gain of the proposed method is developed adaptively to reduce the tracking error and improve the closed-loop control performance. The sliding variable and adaptive parameter are also employed in the reaching phase of the control law to decrease the chattering phenomenon. In addition, the finite-time convergence of attitude variables in the presence of actuator faults, inertia uncertainty, and external disturbances is proved using the extended Lyapunov theorem. The simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method according to different evaluation criteria. Monte Carlo simulations are also used to survey the reliability of the system in the presence of the mentioned condition.     

基于响应曲面法的成型CBN砂轮高频感应钎焊温度均匀性研究

成型砂轮在高频感应钎焊过程中存在温度分布不均匀导致钎焊质量无法满足使用要求，这是长期困扰超硬磨料砂轮高频感应钎焊技术的难题。针对该问题，提出温度均匀性的表征方法，以温度均匀度和平均温度为响应值，基于有限元仿真数据获得了响应曲面法模型。基于该模型，采用方差分析成型砂轮感应钎焊温度均匀性的影响因素显著程度由大到小依次为加热间隙、感应电流、导磁体长度。以平均温度值和温度均匀度为优化目标，基于响应曲面法优化线圈结构和工艺参数，开展了感应加热试验，证明响应曲面法模型优化结果的误差在6.94%以内。高频感应钎焊的成型立方氮化硼（cubic boron nitride，CBN）砂轮宏观形貌显示，钎料在成型面各处铺展的一致性好，表明钎焊过程中在成型面的温度分布具有较好的均匀性。     

System-level prognostics approach for failure prediction of reaction wheel motor in satellites

The reaction wheels actuated by motors are widely used for advanced attitude control of satellites. During the satellite operation, the performance of reaction wheel motor degrades and results in unexpected failures. To guarantee the reliability and safety of satellites, it is important to predict its remaining useful life while it is in operation. To address this issue, this study presents a system-level prognostics approach for the reaction wheel motor, by regarding it as a system composed of multiple components. The approach is demonstrated by using the motor operation data obtained during the accelerated-life tests on ground for 3 years. Health degradation of each components of the motor are estimated using the adaptive extended Kalman filter. Failure threshold of the motor performance is established by the design requirement on characteristic curve. The anomaly detection and failure prediction are performed using the shifting kernel particle filter.     

对转涵道风扇桨叶高效设计方法

基于叶素动量理论的对转涵道风扇桨叶设计方法虽然设计速度快，但设计精度不高。为提高设计方法的设计精度，同时保留设计的快速性，通过CFD计算对基于叶素动量理论的桨叶快速设计方法进行修正，提出一种耦合CFD修正的对转涵道风扇桨叶高效设计方法。通过CFD计算与修正设计的不断迭代，可使设计结果收敛至CFD计算结果，得到满足设计要求的桨叶。结果表明：MRF方法对对转涵风扇性能的求解精度不足，需采用非定常CFD方法。而通过CFD计算结果修正桨叶的拉力占比、入流角及叶素气动力后，对转涵道风扇总拉力设计精度提高10.4%，扭矩设计精度提高18.2%。文中提出的高效设计方法只需进行少量的CFD计算修正便能较好地满足设计要求，进行加速处理后，设计效率进一步提高25%。