基于偏置角动量的欠驱动航天器姿态保持控制

对有扰情况下欠驱动航天器三轴姿态保持控制问题进行了研究,提出一种基于俯仰偏置动量轮和滚动轴推力器的姿态保持控制方法。该方法基于偏置动量航天器滚动-俯仰轴耦合的原理实现,避免了欠驱动零动量航天器平衡点附近欠驱动轴耦合弱的问题;将航天器的姿态运动分为长周期运动和短周期运动,用极点配置方法进行控制律设计,给出保证系统稳定的参数选取范围,求出了系统稳态误差。最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计的控制器不但能快速消除初始姿态偏差,而且能抵抗外干扰将航天器姿态保持在平衡点附近。     

考虑耦合效应的动量轮扰动测量

动量轮微振动是影响卫星姿态控制精度的重要因素.测量动量轮扰动的目的是掌握其扰动规律,进而采取相应的控制方法和隔离技术.由于动量轮的扰动频带很宽,扰动会与测试台的固有频率产生耦合.应用"动质量测试法"来定量地考察测试台刚度对扰动力测试的影响,并建立动量轮的力学模型,以得到不受影响的纯扰动.设计两种不同刚度的测试平台进行扰动测试.应用放大系数对测试结果进行修正,得到消除测试平台刚度影响的测试结果并进行比较.比较结果表明:动质量测试与理论建模结合法能够得到测试台的刚度对测试结果的影响.      

一种有效提高CE-1卫星卸载前后精密星历衔接精度的定轨策略

主要讨论了动量轮卸载对嫦娥一号卫星绕月轨道的影响以及这种影响对其精密星历衔接段精度的影响,分析了不同轨道改进策略下的精密星历衔接弧段的精度,认为使用2~3d的弧段进行轨道改进及卸载计算能得到较高精度的搭接星历,并通过使用实测数据进行定轨改进计算进行了验证,结果表明,该策略可以使星历衔接精度在沿迹方向(T)提高至优于100m量级。     

Effect of laser-discrete-quenching on bonding properties of electroplated grinding wheel with AISI 1045 steel substrate and nickel bond

To improve the bonding strength between the nickel bond and the hub of the electroplated diamond grinding wheel, a hybrid technique was proposed to combine laser pre-quenching steel substrate and post-electroplating nickel. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, AISI 1045 substrate was nickel-coated. The bonding properties between the electroplated nickel coating and substrate with or without laser-discrete-quenching were discussed comparatively by scratch, indentation, and thermal shock tests. The results show that the pre-quenching treatment leads to phase transformation of AISI 1045 microstructure from the mixed pearlite and ferrite phases into the martensitic phase. Since the martensitic phase is characterized as a high corrosion resistance, the interface of substrate/coating is smooth and flat in the pre-quenched zone, and the coating is bonded well with the steel substrate. In contrast to the steel substrate without pre-quenching treatment, the proposed technique significantly enhanced the bonding strengths of the electroplated nickel-coating. On one hand, the average hardness of electroplated nickel-coating on the laser pre-quenched zone is increased by 18.7%, and the scratch depth with the same load become narrower and shallower. On the other hand, the coefficient of friction (CoF) and the vibration amplitude are reduced, and the coating is bonded effectively with the substrate to inhibit the crack initialization at the interface. This prevents effectively the coating from peeling off and improves significantly the thermal shock resistance property.     

A study of reaction wheel configurations for a 3-axis satellite attitude control

The satellite reaction wheel’s configuration plays also an important role in providing the attitude control torques. Several configurations based on three or four reaction wheels are investigated in order to identify the most suitable orientation that consumes a minimum power. Such information in a coherent form is not summarized in any publication; and therefore, an extensive literature search is required to obtain these results. In addition, most of the available results are from different test conditions; hence, making them difficult for comparison purposes. In this work, the standard reaction wheel control and angular momentum unloading schemes are adopted for all the reaction wheel configurations. The schemes will be presented together with their governing equations, making them fully amenable to numerical treatments. Numerical simulations are then performed for all the possible reaction wheel configurations with respect to an identical reference mission. All the configurations are analyzed in terms of their torques, momentums and attitude control performances. Based on the simulations, the reaction wheel configuration that has a minimum total control torque level is identified, which also corresponds to the configuration with minimum power consumption.     

空间站组合体惯性系内角动量管理控制

针对惯性系内重力梯度力矩与气动力矩的常值部分积累引起控制力矩陀螺饱和的问题,在惯性系内建立空间站的动力学模型并进行线性化,利用滤波变量将系统状态方程扩维,采用LQR方法设计系统反馈控制增益矩阵,实现空间站在惯性系内的角动量管理控制.惯性系内重力梯度力矩、气动力矩由轨道角速度整数倍的频率成份构成,可以根据实际情况增加抑制不同频率成份的滤波变量,用于抑制不同频率成份干扰力矩对空间站姿态或控制力矩陀螺角动量的干扰,从而使空间站长期在惯性系内飞行而不需要进行角动量的卸载.仿真验证了控制器的性能.     

压气机中尾迹/边界层作用模型的分析与验证

基于叶轮机中尾迹的负射流效应,考虑了边界层外缘黏性力项对边界层发展的影响,推导了尾迹/边界层相互作用的数学模型,并建立了边界层动量厚度与压气机叶片负荷变化的定量关系,对模型进行了数值模拟和实验验证.结果表明:①此模型能够较好地预测尾迹通过频率对压气机负荷的影响,压气机压升随着尾迹通过频率的变化存在极大值;②尾迹引起边界层当地压力梯度变化,是影响压气机负荷的主要因素.      

ELID超精密镜面磨削过程中磨削力变化规律的试验分析

通过对ＥＬＩＤ磨削过程中磨削力变化规律的试验分析,并对试验结果进行了讨论,得出ＥＬＩＤ磨削力与磨削深度、磨粒粒度、磨削时间等之间的变化规律。     

磨料有序排布钎焊金刚石砂轮磨削硬质合金的性能研究

通过优化排布金刚石磨料研制出钎焊单层金刚石端面砂轮.以硬质合金为加工对象,研究了该砂轮的磨削性能.结果显示连续干磨时,金刚石磨粒的失效形式主要是磨耗磨损和断裂两类,没有出现传统的电镀和烧结工具磨粒大量脱落的现象.这表明钎料合金对磨粒的高强度把持和砂轮的高耐用度.此外,工件的磨削表面获得了良好的粗糙度,理论预测的粗糙度数值和试验数值基本一致.     

鸭翼展向吹气涡控技术增升特性研究

利用低速风洞测力实验,对一个机翼前缘后掠角为40°的近距耦合鸭式布局简化模型,系统研究了不同鸭翼前缘后掠角和鸭翼展向吹气量对该布局增升量值的影响,给出了不同迎角下升力系数和增升量值随鸭翼前缘后掠角和鸭翼展向吹气动量系数的变化曲线.结果表明:在一定迎角范围内(16°~50°),对于不吹气情况,鸭翼前缘后掠角越大,布局的增升量越大,说明鸭翼作为涡控制部件是合适的;当对鸭翼进行展向吹气时,吹气动量系数越大,布局的增升量也越大,说明利用鸭翼展向吹气技术达到间接控制机翼涡,延迟机翼涡的破裂,增加机翼的升力是完全可行的.