空间任意形状凸面的轨道空间外热流计算方法

采用蒙特卡罗（ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ）方法，进行了平板、半球面、抛物面的地球反照角系数和地球红外角系数计算，通过与文献数据的比较，证明了由此方法所编程序的可靠性和实用性。利用这种方法，可以计算空间任意形状凸表面的轨道空间外热流。     

螺旋相位板生成涡旋电磁波仿真研究

涡旋电磁波的产生方式有多种,使用涡旋相位板即为其中重要的一种方式。该文对螺旋相位板产生涡旋电磁波的情况进行了仿真.通过仿真。给出了在喇叭天线口面上覆盖螺旋相位板时生成的涡旋电磁波的幅度相位分布。     

Advances in critical technologies for hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnel

Hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels and their measurement techniques are the cornerstone of the hypersonic flight era that is a dream for human beings to fly faster, higher and further. The great progress has been achieved during the recent years and their critical technologies are still in an urgent need for further development. There are at least four kinds of hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels that are widely applied over the world and can be classified according to their operation modes. These wind tunnels are named as air-directly-heated hypersonic wind tunnel, light-gas-heated shock tunnel, free-piston-driven shock tunnel and detonation-driven shock tunnel, respectively. The critical technologies for developing the wind tunnels are introduced in this paper, and their merits and weakness are discussed based on wind tunnel performance evaluation. Measurement techniques especially developed for high-enthalpy flows are a part of the hypersonic wind tunnel technology because the flow is a chemically reacting gas motion and its diagnosis needs specially designed instruments. Three kinds of the measurement techniques considered to be of primary importance are introduced here, including the heat flux sensor, the aerodynamic balance, and optical diagnosis techniques. The techniques are developed usually for conventional wind tunnels, but further improved for hypersonic and high-enthalpy tunnels. The hypersonic ground test facilities have provided us with most of valuable experimental data on high-enthalpy flows and will play a more important role in hypersonic research area in the future. Therefore, several prospects for developing hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels are presented from our point of view.     

考虑可压缩与热传导的壁面函数边界条件及其应用

考虑到可压缩和热传导效应的壁面函数边界条件,被耦合到了采用k-ω两方程湍流模型、用有限体积法求解N-S方程的程序中。壁面函数基于耦合的速度和温度型,并且在边界层内的粘性子区和对数区内一致有效。引入壁面函数边界条件后,通过算例验证在y <100的范围内,得到的物面压力、摩阻、热流与实验结果比较,结果可靠。而无壁面函数边界条件时,要得到相同精度的结果,要求y ≈1。壁面函数的引入,为工程上准确预测飞行器在湍流流动中表面受力与气动热提供了保障。     

A swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps

In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.     

冲压发动机尾喷管实验新方法

阐述冲压发动机尾喷管地面模拟实验的新方法。采用双爆轰技术产生稳定的高焓燃气模拟高马赫数飞行条件下冲压发动机的燃烧气体;利用皮托管测量尾喷管推力,并对测量误差进行了分析;为研究催化复合效应增大推力提供实验基础。     

某型航空发动机滑油供油系统压力和流量仿真

利用英国商用流体系统仿真软件FLOWMASTER对在中间状态下某型发动机滑油供油系统的压力和流量进行了仿真,总结分析了不同供油温度对该系统流阻特性的影响趋势,根据仿真结果给出了该系统结构的改进建议。     

7050铝合金喷水淬火参数对表面换热系数的影响

设计了喷射压强(p)与喷射表面流量密度(qs)作为独立参数的7050铝合金末端喷水淬火实验,研究了p,qs和喷嘴大小(d)对喷水表面换热系数的影响。结果表明,表面换热系数在喷射端面温度为100～150℃时具有最大值(hmax),hmax波动范围为20000～50000 W·m-2·℃-1;建立了反映p和qs影响换热系数规律的hmax-p-qs三维关系图;采用喷射表面面积与喷嘴面积的比值k反映喷嘴大小对换热系数的影响,建立了hmax-k-qs三维关系图;hmax-p-qs和hmax-k-qs关系图能为喷水淬火参数(p,qs,k等)设计提供参考。     

基于Stereo Lithography文件和有限元法的在轨航天器关键部件热计算

针对STL(Stereo Lithography)文件在传递复杂几何实体模型信息方面具有精度高的特点,提出了一种基于STL文件计算复杂结构角系数和外热流的方法。给出了有限元网格离散和边界识别方法。根据单元和节点的拓扑关系进行辐射换热计算。利用有限元法计算辐射换热角系数和外热流。最后利用有限元法计算航天器关键部件在轨的三维瞬态温度场,并进行了计算效率和误差分析。     

超临界压力下航空煤油RP-3焓值的测量及换热研究

基于能量守恒原理提出了一种超临界压力下中国3号喷气燃料RP-3焓值的测量方法,同时对不同超临界压力下RP-3在323～843 K内的焓值进行了测量.结果表明当燃油温度低于其临界温度时,不同超临界压力下燃油的焓值几乎是一样的,当温度高于临界温度后,不同压力下RP-3焓值之间的差异随着压力的升高而缩小.另外,根据焓值曲线计算出的燃油温度及吸热量与先前已做的其他流动与换热实验中的测量数据进行了对比,结果表明该焓值是准确可靠的,满足未来航空发动机内空油换热器的设计要求.最后,研究了热流密度对超临界煤油换热的影响,结果显示当燃油对比温度小于1.179（760 K）时,Nu数随着热流密度的增加而增加.