ZL205A铝合金大型复杂筒体构件淬火过程模拟与变形预报

基于ABAQUS软件采用有限元方法建立ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火过程的温度场与应力场模型,分析构件在淬火过程中不同时刻的温度场分布.根据构件结构特征,选择4个特征点获得淬火过程冷却曲线,并对构件厚壁、加强筋与薄壁部分的冷却曲线进行研究,使用有限元模拟方法预报构件变形和残余应力.ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火变形主要为径向变形,通过比较淬火后残余应力的6个分量可知正应力远大于剪应力.模拟厚壁在不同换热系数下的淬火效果,发现增加换热系数可以提高厚壁淬火冷却速度,但是作用比较有限.     

基于单向拉伸的防锈铝合金温热力学性能研究

通过不同温度及应变速率下的单向拉伸试验,获得了5A06-O防锈铝合金板材关键力学性能参数的变化规律。结果表明,在一定的应变速率下,5A06铝合金的流动应力及抗拉强度随着温度的升高而降低,断后延伸率随着温度的升高而显著的提高。当温度处在20～150℃范围内,均匀延伸率随着温度的升高而升高,而在150℃～300℃范围内,随着温度的升高而降低。另外,基于Fields&Backofen本构方程,对5A06铝合金在不同温度状态下的强化规律进行了分析和探讨,结果表明,随着温度的逐渐升高,应变强化指数不断减小,应变速率敏感系数则显著增大,应变速率强化作用明显增强。     

6005铝合金型材等温转变曲线绘制及其应用

检测6005铝合金型材不同等温工艺后的硬度和电导率,绘制了等温转变TTT曲线和TTP曲线。利用XRD,TEM等设备对合金经不同等温处理后的物相和微观组织进行了研究,结果表明:6005铝合金的TTT曲线和TTP曲线的鼻尖温度均为340℃,淬火敏感温度区间为280～420℃;等温过程中过饱和固溶体中分解析出β″相,随等温时间的延长,逐步转变为β’相及β相;6005铝合金在不同温度下进行等温处理的相变动力学方程也不同。6005铝合金的相变动力学及其淬火敏感特性研究结果表明,在制订6005铝合金现场在线挤压淬火工艺时,有必要在淬火敏感区间加大冷却速率,而在低于或高于敏感区间时可适当减小冷却速率,这样型材在获得较高的力学性能同时又能减少合金内部残余应力。     

大型铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力分析

开展了新型7085铝合金材料高温拉伸试验,得到了其基本性能参数与力学模型,运用ABAQUS有限元软件对7085铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火过程进行了数值仿真,研究了淬火工艺参数与方式对残余应力分布规律的影响.研究表明:框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力主要集中于腹板与筋板交汇处,呈现外压内拉的分布特点;淬火温度对残余应力有显著影响,提高淬火温度可有效降低残余应力;固溶温度对淬火残余应力的影响较小,对于大尺寸框梁模锻件,入水方式及转移时间对淬火残余应力的影响甚微.     

基于分形理论和节点分离有限元的泡沫铝防护结构数值仿真研究(英文)

利用数字图像处理技术对泡沫铝截面的分形特征进行了分析,使用对数线性回归方法计算了泡沫铝的分形维数。Serpinski垫片可以被用于泡沫铝截面建模。通过调整迭代次数和分割参数可以获得不同分形维数、不同相对密度的泡沫铝模型。使用节点分离的Lagrange有限元方法对超高速碰撞过程进行了分析,通过将数值仿真结果与实验结果对比表明了建模方法以及仿真方法的有效性。通过数值仿真,获得了等面密度的铝防护板以及泡沫铝防护板的弹道极限曲线。对比表明,泡沫铝板的防护性能明显优于铝板。泡沫铝材料适合应用于航天器防护。     

铝合金磷酸阳极化工艺改进

通过对铝合金磷酸阳极化反应机理的分析,制定了实验方案,在保证阳极化反应的各项参数与手册一致的前提下改进工艺,保证了维修质量,提高了工作效率.     

大尺寸弹丸喷丸成形2024-T351铝合金表面质量研究

针对2024-T351铝合金进行直径3mm大弹丸喷丸成形及直径0.58mm小弹丸喷丸强化试验,观测试样在不同喷丸参数下的表面形貌,并对表层显微硬度及残余应力分布进行测试,为整体壁板喷丸成形的工艺设计提供重要依据。     

Milling surface roughness for 7050 aluminum alloy cavity influenced by nozzle position of nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication

In nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL) milling of aviation aluminum alloy, it is the bottleneck problem to adjust the position parameters (target distance, incidence angle, and elevation angle) of the nozzle to improve the surface roughness of milling, which has large and uncontrollable errors. In this paper, the influence law of milling cutter speed, helical angle, and cavity shape on the flow field around the milling cutter was studied, and the optimal nozzle profile parameters were obtained. Using 7050 aluminum alloy as the workpiece material, the milling experiment of the NMQL cavity was conducted by utilizing cottonseed oil-based Al₂O₃ nanofluid. Results show that the high velocity of the surrounding air flow field and the strong gas barrier could be attributed to high rotating velocities of the milling cutter. The incidence angle of the nozzle was consistent with the helical angle of the milling cutter, the target distance was appropriate at 25–30 mm, and the elevation angle was suitable at 60°–65°. The range and variance analyses of the signal-to-noise ratio of milling force and roughness were performed, and the chip morphology was observed and analyzed. The results show that the optimal combination of nozzle position parameters was the target distance of 30 mm, the incidence angle of 35°, and the elevation angle of 60°. Among these parameters, target distance had the largest impact on cutting performance with a contribution rate of more than 55%, followed by incidence angle and elevation contribution rate. Analysis by orthogonal experiment revealed that the nozzle position parameters were appropriate, and R_a (0.087 μm) was reduced by 30.4% from the maximum value (0.125 μm). Moreover, R_sm (0.05 mm) was minimum, which was 36% lower than that of the seventh group (R_sm = 0.078 mm).     

直角切削6061-T6铝合金剪切区力学行为及微观结构演化预测

力学行为是塑性变形微观过程的宏观表现,早期的金属切削理论模型没有考虑微观结构对切削力的影响。在考虑热力耦合效应的基础上建立了基于位错密度材料模型的6061-T6铝合金直角切削力预测模型,分析了不同切削参数下基于位错运动的塑性变形机制对切削力的影响。结合等分剪切区和非等分剪切区模型,构建了第一变形区多物理场计算方法,提出一种切屑形成过程中由塑性变形引起的微观结构演化解析模型。通过测量切削力和切屑内晶粒尺寸对模型的可行性进行了初步验证。结果表明：剪切区长度变长引起参与位错滑移的材料增多是切削深度增大导致切削力增大的主要原因。增大切削速度导致切削力的降低不是单一变量影响的结果,而是应变降低引起位错增殖数量减少和温度升高引起位错湮灭作用增加的共同作用结果。非等分剪切区模型正确反映了第一变形区温度和应力的分布特征,且与二维有限元模型分布相一致,建立的第一变形区微观结构演化解析模型能够预测切屑内位错密度和晶粒尺寸。     

Preparation of bimodal grain size 7075 aviation aluminum alloys and their corrosion properties

The bimodal grain size metals show improved strength and ductility compared to traditional metals; however, their corrosion properties are unknown. In order to evaluate the corrosion properties of these metals, the bimodal grain size 7075 aviation aluminum alloys containing different ratios of coarse(100 μm in diameter) and fine(10 μm in diameter) grains were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS). The effects of grain size as well as the mixture degree of coarse and fine grains on general corrosion were estimated by immersion tests, electrochemical measurements and complementary techniques such as scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope-energy disperse spectroscopy(TEM-EDS). The results show that, compared to fine grains, the coarse grains have a faster dissolution rate in acidic NaCl solution due to the bigger size,higher alloying elements content and larger area fraction of second phases in them. In coarse grains,the hydrogen ions have a faster reduction rate on cathodic second phases, therefore promoting the corrosion propagation. The mixture of coarse and fine grains also increases the electrochemical heterogeneity of alloys in micro-scale, and thus the increased mixture degree of these grains in metal matrix accelerates the corrosion rate of alloys in acidic NaCl solution.