航空发动机转子振动的“热模态”和减振设计

为适应航空发动机变转速变工况下转子动力学设计,提出了航空发动机转子"热模态"的概念.利用两种模型解释了"热模态"的含义,并建立了"热模态"下转子动力学设计的方法.利用支承弹性转子(弹支转子)的临界转速与支承刚性转子(刚支转子)的临界转速之比作为优化参数,对转子进行优化设计,既包含了刚度的作用,也计及了质量的影响.结果表明:若所有"热模态"均在刚支转子的第1阶模态之下,则转子临界转速应尽量小于刚支转子的第1阶临界转速.若第1阶"热模态"在刚支转子第1阶模态之下,而第2阶"热模态"在刚支转子第1阶模态之上,但在刚支转子第2阶模态之下,则转子第2阶临界转速应取刚支转子第2阶临界转速和刚支转子第1阶临界转速之方均根值.除此之外,转子剩余不平衡量的分布应与刚支转子的模态正交.      

复合材料结构系统的可靠性分析方法

 <正> This paper presents a full quantity loading method for reliability analysis of composite structural systems in consideration of degradation of the structural Stiffness. According to the value of utilization ratios of members, critical members can be found out. The way of composing the critical members in groups is used to enumerate and identify significant failure modes. Some kinds of principles of deletion and mergence of failure modes are adopted. Some illustrative examples show that the method is vety efficient, especially for large scale composite structural system.     

圆管孔边角裂纹剪切型应力强度因子的封闭解

 在飞机全动平尾大轴中,经常出现孔边角裂纹。本文提出了一种新的工程-解析方法,导出了飞机平尾大轴孔边角裂纹剪切型应力强度因子的封闭解。这种能量释放方法非常节省机时与人力,可以获得大量系统的新结果。     

Light weight optimization of stratospheric airship envelope based on reliability analysis

A stratospheric airship is an essential flight vehicle in the aviation field. In this paper, optimal design approach of stratospheric airships is developed to optimize envelope shape considering three failure modes and multidisciplinary analysis models, and could also reduce the mass of a stratospheric airship to be deployed at a specific location. Based on a theoretical analysis, three failure modes of airships including bending wrinkling failure, hoop tearing failure and bending kink failure, are given to describe and illustrate the failure mechanism of stratospheric airships. The results show that the location, length and size of the local uniform load and the large fineness ratio are easier to lead to bending wrinkling failure and bending kink failure. The small fineness ratio and the increasing differential pressure are more prone to cause hoop tearing failure for an airship hull. The failure probability is sensitive to the wind field. From an optimization design, the reliability analysis is essential to be carried out based on the safety of the airship. The solution in this study can provide economical design recommendations.     

SFMEA方法在飞行控制软件中的应用

为提高飞行控制软件的安全性,分析了飞行控制软件的安全性薄弱环节,探讨了影响飞行控制软件安全性的隐患。简要阐述了软件失效模式、影响(SFMEA)方法,给出软件失效模式分类的方法以及飞行控制软件常见的失效模式,给出适用于航天飞行控制软件的软件危害性等级,结合某型号飞行控制软件进行了SFMEA方法的尝试性应用,分析了软件失效的局部影响和最终影响,形成了52个SFMEA的分析表格,总结了302个飞行控制软件的失效模式,发现了部分安全性薄弱环节,并提出了相应的改进措施,结果表明,SFMEA方法对提高飞行控制软件的安全性有一定的工程价值。     

精益生产模式的理论渊源研究

市场经济环境下,低成本制造技术是武器装备制造业的发展方向。为此,对最精益生产理论渊源进行了研究,比较了其与大批量生产模式、敏捷制造模式的异同,阐明了其与先进制造模式、先进生产模式、先进管理模式的关系。     

模态密集柔性空间结构二阶内平衡降阶

 给出一种针对二阶线性系统方程直接进行降阶的二阶系统内平衡降阶方法。大型柔性空间结构动力学方程采用二阶线性微分方程描述,采用传统的一阶内平衡降阶方法降阶后的状态方程是一阶形式,破坏了原系统的二阶结构和物理意义。采用新方法降阶后的系统可以保持原系统二阶结构,同时可以进一步保持原系统的对称和正定特性。柔性空间结构系统级降阶的柔性模态方程通常为对角形式,针对这种特殊形式,系统可控和可观Gramian矩阵存在闭合解析解,给出了闭合解的具体表达形式。数值仿真结果表明,二阶内平衡降阶方法可以达到一阶内平衡方法一样的降阶精度,Gramian矩阵的闭合解析解可以大幅度提高Lyapunov方程求解速度。     

湿热环境下复合材料孔板压缩性能的研究

采用压缩试验的方法,对含孔机织碳纤维环氧复合材料层板进行了湿热环境下的压缩试验,研究了湿热环境对其压缩性能的影响。分析了复合材料孔板的吸湿特性、压缩强度、破坏模式及动态力学性能。结果表明:机织碳纤维环氧复合材料吸湿率较低,其饱和吸湿率仅为0.88%左右。湿热环境会降低由基体性能主导的压缩强度,130℃下湿态试样的开孔压缩强度保持率约为70%。含孔复合材料层合板的破坏模式均为过孔破坏,破坏均发生在应力集中的区域,并且断裂都是沿着应力集中最大的方向扩展。侧面断口主要为剪切失效,有分层和屈曲的特征。吸湿后复合材料的DMA Tg为125℃,比干态时下降了16℃。     

Generation of kinetic Alfvén waves by velocity shear instability on auroral field lines

Ion beams observed in the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL), cusp, and on the auroral zone field lines are expected to have spatial gradients in their drift velocity. Generation of kinetic Alfvén waves by velocity shear of the ion beams is discussed. It is shown that a hot ion beam can excite both a resonant kinetic Alfvén wave instability and a non-resonant coupled Alfvén-ion acoustic instability. For typical parameters, observed on the auroral field lines in the altitude range of 5–7 R_E (where R_E is the Earth’s radius), the frequency of the velocity shear modes, in the satellite frame of reference, lie in the ultra-low frequency (ULF) range. The noise due to velocity shear driven Alfvén modes is electromagnetic in nature, and has a finite parallel electric field component.     

基于解耦和动态补偿的卫星控制系统设计

针对带大型挠性单翼太阳帆板和偏置动量的三轴稳定卫星,研究如何消除星内外干扰对姿态控制精度影响的卫星控制系统的设计问题。首先对星内外干扰进行了数值分析,进而阐明了在经典控制方案中干扰力矩对姿态控制精度的影响,指出经典控制在克服干扰力矩对姿态控制精度影响方面存在的不足之处。然后根据卫星的动力学特点,提出并论证了在设定角动量交换系统标称值条件下基于解耦和动态补偿的卫星控制系统的设计方案。最后深入分析了在该方案下太阳帆板挠性模态的稳定性。