基于相似理论的月球车月面牵引性能预测

引入相似理论对月球车的轮土交互系统进行研究,建立了月壤-车轮交互系统的地面力学相似模型,针对原位月壤内聚力较小的特点,提出了一种无需改变车轮尺寸、以模拟月壤为土壤介质的模型试验方法,对月面重力环境下月球车轮的牵引性能进行预测.利用室内土槽试验和颗粒流仿真相结合的方法对该模型试验方法的有效性进行验证,验证结果与模型试验的理论分析结果较为接近,表明该法具有较好的可行性和有效性,可考虑用于预测月球车的月面牵引性能.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

The photometric study of light scattering from the surface of alumina powder and interpretations by Hapke formula

A laboratory experiment helps to understand the light scattering property of regolith like samples with known compositions and other physical parameters. The laboratory data so obtained can be compared with the existing in situ data on celestial objects like asteroids. Further, it may be analyzed with the help of various theoretical models to understand the light scattering processes from regolith more clearly. In this work we have performed laboratory based photometry of the light scattered from the surfaces of powdered alumina (Al₂O₃) at various tilt angles of the sample and at large phase angles, with the particles having diameter 0.3 μm. The wavelength of observation was 632.8 nm. These data have been fitted by a surface scattering model originally suggested by Hapke. Instead of using empirical Henyey–Greenstein phase function to fix the values of albedo and phase function to be used within Hapke formula, we have used Mie theory for the same. This approach helped us to determine the single particle properties such as particle diameter and complex refractive index from surface scattering phase curve alone. Mie theory depends only on the size parameter X(=2π(radius/wavelength)) and complex refractive index (n, k) of the material. Since the absorption coefficient (k) for alumina is known to be very low but not exactly zero, the best fit to the experimental data was obtained by least square technique with k as a free parameter, as the other parameters are known. Finally, we compare our results with other published results and discuss the scope of application of the method we adopted.     

基于粗神经网络的民用飞机故障诊断

针对传统神经网络故障诊断过程中网络训练时间长、结构复杂以及仅能进行单值输入的缺陷,设计了一种基于粗神经网络的民用飞机故障诊断系统.将粗糙集理论应用在神经网络的前端对民用飞机故障样本数据进行约简处理,以此去除冗余属性的干扰,克服了无关样本数据对网络学习性能的影响,简化了网络结构;利用粗神经元代替传统神经元,提高了网络性能,扩展了网络的应用范围.通过对空中客车A320飞机的故障诊断试验验证了该方法的有效性.     

中国经济增长之“谜”——张五常和林毅夫的研究理论成果评述

中国的经济增长创造了世界经济增长史上的"奇迹",但西方主流经济学理论并不能解码中国经济增长之"谜"。华人经济学家对这一问题研究的理论成果日趋丰富,文章梳理了两位具有代表性的华人经济学家张五常和林毅夫的研究成果并进行简单评述,得出结论:在一个以公有制占主导地位的社会主义市场经济国家,任何试图摒弃马克思主义政治经济学的研究方法,去解释中国经济增长之"谜"的任何努力,都无异于缘木求鱼。     

基于证据理论的覆盖决策信息系统约简的数值刻画

决策为划分的覆盖决策信息系统的特征选择理论和方法日趋成熟。但在数据采集的过程中,有些数据集存在对象的决策缺失或决策不能完全确定情况,那么将决策刻画为覆盖更加合理。而决策为覆盖的覆盖决策信息系统特征选择的研究却很少见。本文讨论决策为覆盖的覆盖决策信息系统的特征选择,利用证据理论中的信任函数和似然函数给出覆盖决策信息系统约简的等价刻画,从而给出求约简的算法,并以实例说明该方法的有效性。     

散射对高温气体-碳黑颗粒混合物辐射传输的影响

基于全光谱k分布(Full spectrum k distribution,FSK)模型、MIE理论和有限体积法(Finite volume method,FVM),构建了均温、均质辐射参与性气体-碳黑颗粒混合物介质热辐射传输模型,并分析了碳黑不同尺寸、不同体积浓度以及介质不同路径长度和不同温度条件下,因忽略碳黑颗粒散射所导致的介质热辐射传输特性(如辐射热流、辐射源项)的计算误差。研究结果表明:体积分数不变,增大粒径,计算误差呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;数密度不变,增大粒径,或者粒径不变,增大体积分数,均将使得计算误差相应增大;粒径、体积分数不变,增大路径长度,或者升高介质温度,均将增大计算误差。通常对于含有大颗粒、高碳黑浓度的辐射参与性气体-碳黑颗粒混合物介质,碳黑颗粒散射不能忽略。     

防空导弹直接力／气动力复合控制系统设计

直接力和气动力复合控制技术是先进防空导弹对付高速机动目标、兼有反导能力以 及发 展成为动能拦截弹最现实有效的技术途径。针对力矩式复合控制方法,为减小由于弹体滚动 所引起的耦合影响,建立了俯仰－偏航通道短周期运动模型;在弹体慢旋条件下给出了参考 信号状态空间模型,利用线性二次型最优跟踪控制方法设计了复合控制姿态稳定系统,并基 于分离原理设计了参考信号状态观测器。仿真结果表明系统对制导指令的响应时间小于0.1 秒,对螺旋机动弹道目标的拦截脱靶量为0.34米,说明该复合控制方法具备直接碰撞目标的 能力。〖JP〗     

模糊贝叶斯方法在航空设备可靠性评估中的应用

在小样本情况下,利用数理统计方法来确定航空设备的寿命分布类型是不太适用的,本文运用模糊综合评判方法综合经验信息来确定先验分布,同时运用贝叶斯理论将统计推断建立在后验分布的基础上,给出了一种有小样本试验数据确定寿命分布的可靠性方法。     

考虑摩擦的空间抓捕过程碰撞动力学分析与控制

目前针对空间抓捕中的碰撞进行建模的方法中很少考虑摩擦因素。然而,摩擦作为碰撞过程中不可避免的现象,对碰撞动力学响应及整个空间抓捕任务有着不容忽视的影响。文章结合库伦摩擦理论和拉格朗日乘子法,建立了同时兼顾滑动和粘滞状态的摩擦模型,然后将求解到的摩擦力与碰撞力进行矢量合成,作为对碰撞模型的修正。另外,针对碰撞过程对机器人姿态产生的干扰,利用反 馈线性化设计了解耦控制器对基座姿态漂移进行稳定控制。数值仿真采用一个平面2灢DOF空间机器人,利用动量和动量矩守恒定理验证了动力学模型的正确性,同时基座姿态控制结果收敛说明了控制器的有效性。