基于矩阵变压器的1 MHz GaN LLC谐振变换器

现代工业生产越来越重视节约能源和降低成本,促使高效率和高功率密度成为分布式电源系统发展的主要方向。随着信息技术、计算机系统和电动汽车等领域的发展,对具有高效率、高功率密度的隔离电源的需求显著增加。本文针对数据中心服务器电源对高效率、高功率密度的需求,通过提升开关频率到1 MHz来提高变换器的功率密度;并对传统LLC变换器进行研究,阐述其工作原理及相对其他变换器的优势。在此基础上,应用GaN器件、矩阵变压器和同步整流来进一步优化传统LLC谐振变换器;最后设计并制作了一台1kW,380V输入、12V输出实验样机,功率密度达到300W/in3,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

弹体脉动压力特征的实验研究

针对弹体模型进行了表面脉动压力特性实验研究,实验马赫数M∞=0. 8、0. 84、0. 86、0. 92、1. 0、1. 15、2. 0、2. 5,实验迎角α=-5°、-3°,0°、3°、5°,沿弹体轴向测量了14个特征点的脉动压力,得到了弹体表面测点的脉动压力系数、频谱曲线以及相关性系数等实验数据.结果表明:脉动压力系数总体上随马赫数增加而降低.不同马赫数.迎角α=0°的条件下沿轴向各测点压力脉动之间的空间相关性有类似的分布规律,且各测点脉动压力基本互不相关.在实验的迎角下,脉动压力系数在弹体表面曲率变化较小的位置基本上不随来流迎角的改变而变化,膨胀拐角肩部位置的脉动压力系数随着迎角的改变而变化较大.超声速来流的功率谱能量峰值所对应的主频出现明显的低频特征;跨音速来流时特征频率随着马赫数的增加而增大,功率谱能量峰值位于特征频率处.     

基本随机变量的重要性测度及其概率密度演化算法

为进一步完善当前的基本变量的重要性分析,在单一的矩独立的重要性测度指标的基础上,建立了一个新的矩独立的重要性测度指标体系,该体系包括基本变量的总重要性测度、平均总重要性测度、主重要性测度和平均主重要性测度,用以衡量不同要求下基本随机变量对系统或模型输出响应整体不确定性的影响程度.给出了各个重要性测度指标的定义,分析了各个重要性测度指标的工程意义和适用范围.结合概率密度演化方法高效、准确的优点,提出了一种基于概率密度演化方法的重要性测度求解方法.文中算例证明:所提指标体系相比当前指标体系更加全面合理,所提方法能在高精度求得各重要性测度结果的基础上大幅提高计算效率.     

含晶界单层过渡金属硫化物的压电效应研究

在单层过渡金属硫化物（Transition metal dichalcogenides,TMDs）的合成过程中,缺陷是不可避免的,而且缺陷对单层TMDs的物理化学性质有着重要的影响。为了研究晶界（Grain boundaries,GBs）对单层TMDs压电效应的影响,基于密度泛函理论（Density functional theory,DFT）,计算了36种含晶界单层TMDs和36种不含晶界单层TMDs的压电系数。结果表明：晶界的存在会增强单层TMDs的压电效应,这是由于晶界会导致体系产生应变梯度,从而激发了挠曲电效应。压电系数的变化呈现明显的周期趋势,即随着硫族元素相对原子质量的增加压电系数逐渐增大,其中,含晶界的单层MoTe₂的压电系数最大为11.17 pm/V,与单层MoTe₂ （8.74 pm/V）相比,提高了约27.8%。本文的研究结果可以为开发应用于飞行器中的高灵敏度传感器和高精度控制器的设计提供理论指导。     

Orbital reference frame estimation with power spectral density constraints for drag-free satellites

The drag-free satellites are widely used in the field of fundamental science as they enable the high-precision measurement in pure gravity fields. This paper investigates the estimation of local orbital reference frame (LORF) for drag-free satellites. An approach, taking account of the combi-nation of the minimum estimation error and power spectral density (PSD) constraint in frequency domain, is proposed. Firstly, the relationship between eigenvalues of estimator and transfer func-tion is built to analyze the suppression and amplification effect on input signals and obtain the eigenvalue range. Secondly, an optimization model for state estimator design with minimum estima-tion error in time domain and PSD constraint in frequency domain is established. It is solved by the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm. Finally, the orbital reference frame estimation of low-earth-orbit satellite is taken as an example, and the estimator of minimum variance with PSD constraint is designed and analyzed using the method proposed in this paper.     

Depth dependency of neutron density produced by cosmic rays in the lunar subsurface

Depth dependency of neutrons produced by cosmic rays (CRs) in the lunar subsurface was estimated using the three-dimensional Monte Carlo particle and heavy ion transport simulation code, PHITS, incorporating the latest high energy nuclear data, JENDL/HE-2007. The PHITS simulations of equilibrium neutron density profiles in the lunar subsurface were compared with the measurement by Apollo 17 Lunar Neutron Probe Experiment (LNPE). Our calculations reproduced the LNPE data except for the 350–400 mg/cm² region under the improved condition using the CR spectra model based on the latest observations, well-tested nuclear interaction models with systematic cross section data, and JENDL/HE-2007.     

The asymmetrical features in electron density during extreme solar minimum

The variations of plasma density in topside ionosphere during 23rd/24th solar cycle minimum attract more attentions in recently years. In this analysis, we use the data of electron density (Ne) from DEMETER (Detection of Electromagnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite at the altitude of 660–710 km to investigate the solstitial and equinoctial asymmetry under geomagnetic coordinate system at LT (local time) 1030 and 2230 during 2005–2010, especially in solar minimum years of 2008–2009. The results reveal that ΔNe (December–June) is always positive over Southern Hemisphere and negative over northern part whatever at LT 1030 or 2230, only at 0–10°N the winter anomaly occurs with ΔNe (December–June) > 0, and its amplitude becomes smaller with the declining of solar flux from 2005 to 2009. The ΔNe between September and March is completely negative during 2005–2008, but in 2009, it turns to be positive at latitudes of 20°S–40°N at LT 1030 and 10°S–20°N at LT 2230. Furthermore, the solstitial and equinoctial asymmetry index (AI) are calculated and studied respectively, which all depends on local time, latitude and longitude. The notable differences occur at higher latitudes in solar minimum year of 2009 with those in 2005–2008. The equinoctial AI at LT 2230 is quite consistent with the variational trend of solar flux with the lowest absolute AI occurring in 2009, the extreme solar minimum, but the solstitial AI exhibits abnormal enhancement during 2008 and 2009 with bigger AI than those in 2005–2007. Compared with the neutral compositions at 500 km altitude, it illustrates that [O/N₂] and [O] play some roles in daytime and nighttime asymmetry of Ne at topside ionosphere.     

Mechanical Behavior of Plastic Pipe Reinforced by Cross-Winding Steel Wire Subject to Foundation Settlement

Plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires(PSP)is a new plastic-matrix steel composite pipe developed in China.To investigate the stress of PSP under foundation settlement,a finite element model(FEM)is proposed.The stresses and strains of PSP are obtained by the FEM analysis.The mechanic behavior of PSP subject to a foundation settlement is analyzed.Finally,the influence factor analysis of settlement deformation,such as settlement depth,overlying soil depth,diameter of PSP and inner pressure of PSP,are discussed.     

梯形翼高升力构型的数值模拟技术

基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和结构网格技术,采用亚跨超声速平台(TRIP3.0),数值模拟了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)梯形翼构型。研究了控制方程、网格密度、流动转捩和初始条件等不同影响因素对气动特性的影响。风洞试验是2002年在NASA Langley 14ft×22ft亚声速风洞中完成的,试验结果包括了基本气动力和力矩、表面压力系数和边界层速度型分布。计算结果与试验数据的比较表明:求解完全的RANS方程,提高了翼梢涡的模拟精度;网格密度主要影响翼梢涡的强度;转捩模型提高了边界层的模拟精度,进而提高了升力系数、俯仰力矩系数的模拟精度;最大升力系数及失速迎角对初始条件具有依赖性。     

Supertyphoon Hagibis action in the ionosphere on 6–13 October 2019: Results from multi-frequency multiple path sounding at oblique incidence

The purpose of the present paper is to describe the observations of the variations in the parameters of HF radio waves propagating through the ionosphere when the action of the super typhoon Hagibis on 6–13 October 2019 occurred. The observations have been made with the Harbin Engineering University (the People's Republic of China) multi-frequency multiple path radio system involving the software-defined technology. The action of the super typhoon has been shown to be accompanied by enhanced atmospheric wave activity acting to generate wave processes with periods of 10 to 120 min. Coupling in the atmosphere–upper-atmosphere–ionosphere system has been confirmed to be carried out with atmospheric gravity waves. The ionosphere underwent the greatest impact on those days when the supertyphoon had maximum energy, on 8, 10, and especially 9 October 2019, and when it was found to be in an ～2,500–3,000-km distance range from the propagation path midpoints. Under the action of wave processes, the height of the reflection region was observed to oscillate within the ±(30–90 km) limits. The amplitude of the quasi-periodic variations in the ionospheric F-region electron density was estimated to be 10–12% for periods of ～20 min, and 30–60% for periods of ～60–120 min. The joint action of the dusk terminator and the supertyphoon has been confirmed to enhance wave activity in the ionosphere. Similar effects for the dawn terminator have not been detected.