航空发动机成品振动环境分析与试验载荷谱确定

通过对航空发动机成品的振动环境进行试验测试获得其振动环境特征。并在此基础上,依据发动机寿命剖面和任务剖面,采用加权系数法,建立用于成品振动环境试验的载荷谱。     

基于低密度粒子图像叠加的Micro-PIV速度场测量

提出了一种基于低密度粒子图像的微流体粒子图像全场测速技术。经过背景噪声去除、阈值过滤、图像增强等图像预处理过程,获得了高质量的低密度荧光示踪粒子图像。对100对图像进行图像叠加处理,得到了满足互相关算法求解二维速度场的高密度叠加粒子图像。针对宽度为250μm,深60μm的长直微通道开展了覆盖全场不同流体层平面的二维速度测量,并利用多个流体平面的二维速度场实现了微通道内全场速度的构建。研究结果表明：由于图像叠加法去除了像径大但灰度低的背景粒子图像,采用互相关分析能够准确获得分层二维速度场,所构建的全场速度场正确反映了长直微通道内流流场特征。     

红外导引头平台底座拓扑优化设计

为了提高红外导引头动静态性能,以底座轻量化为设计目标,静刚度和基频为限制条件,采用变密度法的拓扑优化理论,利用三维设计软件和有限元分析软件对红外导引头平台底座进行拓扑优化设计。并对比分析了拓扑优化前后底座结构的各项指标,结果表明优化后的底座在质量减小了26.3%的情况下,最大变形量减小了7.6％,最大应力基本不变,基频提高了11％,有利于红外导引头轻量化水平的提升和整机性能的提高。最后,通过冲击振动试验,验证了红外导引头的跟踪性能,说明了红外导引头平台底座拓扑优化的可行性。     

滚动轴承疲劳强度分布计算

根据P－S－N曲线上疲劳寿命存活率和疲劳强度存活率的等同性原理，借助已知的给定载荷下疲劳寿命概率密度函数，计算出未知的给定寿命下疲劳强度概率密度函数，进一步进行可靠性分析奠定基础。     

基于深度置信网络的近距空战态势评估

针对传统态势评估方法权值确定困难、大规模数据处理和特征提取能力不足的问题,结合当前空战数据特征,将深度置信网络(DBN)应用于近距空战态势评估。通过密度峰值算法对空战特征数据进行聚类分析,并结合态势函数和专家判读进行修正,建立标准空战态势样本库;以重构误差和测试错误率为基础,建立网络拓扑结构和最优参数确定方法,提高模型的训练效率,并通过样本数据,对模型进行训练和验证。实验表明,模型态势分类正确率达到92.7%,模型运行时间满足应用需求,实例评估结果与客观态势一致性强。     

高抗扰高精度无人机着舰纵向飞行控制

针对无人机着舰过程中舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动对着舰点散布的影响,对复杂着舰环境下的无人机着舰纵向控制策略、控制结构和控制律参数设计方法进行研究。针对常规控制结构抗扰能力不足的问题,提出了无人机着舰纵向多操纵面平衡态直接力控制(DFC)策略及控制结构。提出了面向着舰点散布的控制律参数优化设计方法,该方法在保证系统满足稳定裕度指标的基础上,综合考虑了舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动对着舰点散布的影响,使2种扰动造成的着舰点散布最小。构建控制律参数优化设计问题,通过粒子群优化(PSO)算法进行优化设计,得到高抗扰性能的控制律参数。在控制律参数优化中考虑舰尾流和甲板运动的功率谱密度分布,使设计更具有针对性,减小了控制律设计的保守性,进一步提高控制的抗扰性能。算例设计及仿真验证了多操纵面平衡态DFC控制结构在抵抗舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动方面的优异性能,并证明了所提控制律参数设计方法的有效性。     

Bottom side profiles for two close stations at the southern crest of the EIA: Differences and comparison with IRI-2012 and NeQuick2 for low and high solar activity

Bottom side electron density profiles for two stations at the southern crest of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), São José dos Campos (23.1°S, 314.5°E, dip latitude 19.8°S; Brazil) and Tucumán (26.9°S, 294.6°E, dip latitude 14.0°S; Argentina), located at similar latitude and separated by only 20° in longitude, have been compared during equinoctial, winter and summer months under low (year 2008, minimum of the solar cycle 23/24) and high solar activity (years 2013–2014, maximum of the solar cycle 24) conditions. An analysis of parameters describing the bottom side part of the electron density profile, namely the peak electron density NmF2, the height hmF2 at which it is reached, the thickness parameter B₀ and the shape parameter B₁, is carried out. Further, a comparison of bottom side profiles and F-layer parameters with the corresponding outputs of IRI-2012 and NeQuick2 models is also reported. The variations of NmF2 at both stations reveal the absence of semi-annual anomaly for low solar activity (LSA), evidencing the anomalous activity of the last solar minimum, while those related to hmF2 show an uplift of the ionosphere for high solar activity (HSA). As expected, the EIA is particularly visible at both stations during equinox for HSA, when its strength is at maximum in the South American sector. Despite the similar latitude of the two stations upon the southern crest of the EIA, the anomaly effect is more pronounced at Tucumán than at São José dos Campos. The differences encountered between these very close stations suggest that in this sector relevant longitudinal-dependent variations could occur, with the longitudinal gradient of the Equatorial Electrojet that plays a key role to explain such differences together with the 5.8° separation in dip latitude between the two ionosondes. Furthermore at Tucumán, the daily peak value of NmF2 around 21:00 LT during equinox for HSA is in temporal coincidence with an impulsive enhancement of hmF2, showing a kind of “elastic rebound” under the action of the EIA. IRI-2012 and NeQuick2 bottom side profiles show significant deviations from ionosonde observations. In particular, both models provide a clear underestimation of the EIA strength at both stations, with more pronounced differences for Tucumán. Large discrepancies are obtained for the parameter hmF2 for HSA during daytime at São José dos Campos, where clear underestimations made by both models are observed. The shape parameter B₀ is quite well described by the IRI-2012 model, with very good agreement in particular during equinox for both stations for both LSA and HSA. On the contrary, the two models show poor agreements with ionosonde data concerning the shape parameter B₁.     

Accuracy of IRI profiles of ionospheric density and temperatures derived from comparisons to Kharkov incoherent scatter radar measurements

The incoherent scatter radar (ISR) facility in Kharkov, Ukraine (49.6°N, 36.3°E) measures vertical profiles of electron density, electron and ion temperature, and ion composition of the ionospheric plasma up to 1100 km altitude. Acquired measurements constitute an accurate ionospheric reference dataset for validation of the variety of models and alternative measurement techniques. We describe preliminary results of comparing the Kharkov ISR profiles to the international reference ionosphere (IRI), an empirical model recognized for its reliable representation of the monthly-median climatology of the density and temperature profiles during quiet-time conditions, with certain extensions to the storm times. We limited our comparison to only quiet geomagnetic conditions during the autumnal equinoxes of 2007 and 2008. Overall, we observe good qualitative agreement between model and data both in time and with altitude. Magnitude-wise, the measured and modeled electron density and plasma temperatures profiles appear different. We discovered that representation accuracy improves significantly when IRI is driven by observed-averaged values of the solar activity index rather than their predictions. This result motivated us to study IRI performance throughout protracted solar minimum of the 24th cycle. The paper summarizes our observations and recommendations for optimal use of the IRI.     

天宫一号大气密度探测数据与模式的比较分析

利用天宫一号的轨道大气环境探测器在2012年12月7日至2013年1月4日,地磁活动平静下的大气密度探测数据,与NRLMSISE-00和JB2008模式进行比较。与实测数据相比,NRLMSISE4）0模式整体高估11．6％,而JB2008整体低估9．8％。JB2008模式在逐日变化趋势方面与实测结果更吻合,更好地反映了太阳辐射对热层大气的影响;而NRLMSISE-00在平静期间地磁活动影响大气密度的变化特征上,比JB2008更符合实测结果。实测结果显示冬季半球日峰值出现时间比夏季半球早,JB2008与实测相符,NRLMSISE-00则与实测相反。整体而言,在天宫一号轨道高度、地磁平静期,JB2008模式优于NRLMSISE-00模式。