Bayesian network-based extraction of lunar impact craters from optical images and DEM data

Impact craters are among the most noticeable geomorphological features on the planetary surface and yield significant information about terrain evolution and the history of the solar system. Thus, the recognition of impact craters is an important branch of modern planetary studies. Aiming at addressing problems associated with the insufficient and inaccurate detection of lunar impact craters, a decision fusion method within the Bayesian network (BN) framework is developed in this paper to handle multi-source information from both optical images and associated digital elevation model (DEM) data. First, we implement the edge-based method for efficiently searching crater candidates which are the image patches that can potentially contain impact craters. Secondly, the multi-source representations of an impact crater derived from both optical images and DEM data are proposed and constructed to quantitatively describe the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology, consisting of Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Histogram of Multi-scale Slope (HMS) and Histogram of Multi-scale Aspect (HMA). Finally, a BN-based framework integrates the multi-source representations of impact craters, which can provide reductant and complementary information, for distinguishing craters from non-craters. To evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on three lunar scenes using both orthoimages from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and DEM data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Experimental results demonstrate that integrating optical images with DEM data significantly decreases the number of false positives compared with using optical images alone, with F₁-score of 84.8% on average. Moreover, compared with other existing fusion methods, our proposed method was quite advantageous especially for the detection of small-scale craters with diameters less than 1000 m.     

强磁暴期间TIEGCM模式与CHAMP卫星热层大气密度的比较分析

利用NCAR-TIEGCM模式计算了2003年11月20—21日强磁暴期间410km高度上的大气密度,并与CHAMP/STAR加速度计反演数据进行对比和分析. 结果表明,模式结果能够准确反映磁暴期间大气密度的分布和变化情况,与实测结果在变化趋势和量级上具有较好的一致性,但在精细结构和数值大小上仍存在一定差异. 模式低估了磁暴期间大气密度的增幅,实测大气密度增幅高达250%～400%,而模式结果为100%～125%. 模式结果与实测数据的偏差在高纬地区高于低纬地区,日侧高于夜侧. 通过模式和实测数据的分析发现,磁暴期间大气密度扰动具有日夜侧和南北半球不对称性. 此外,模式能够准确反映磁暴期间大气密度扰动从高纬向低纬的传播以及大气密度对SYM-H指数响应的延迟特性.     

某风洞主体结构的有限元分析

由于某风洞主体结构为典型的薄壁结构,所以在设计阶段必须考虑其静强度、静刚度、动态特性以及支座形式和布置问题。笔者阐述了风洞主体结构的网格划分方法,根据模型简化原则,通过MSC／Patran建立了有限元计算模型;同时,通过CAE软件MSC／Nastran,根据先进的模态计算方法-Lanczos法,对该风洞主体结构进行了有限元分析,获得了静力学以及模态分析结果。结果表明：该风洞主体结构满足静强度与静刚度要求,总体刚度分布合理,模态频率分布良好,但应对部分部件进行进一步优化。     

航空推进系统性能寻优控制的系统模型

航空推进系统性能寻优控制是基于模型的控制技术,各部分采用的系统模型是其关键技术之一。根据性能寻优控制的原理,分析了系统模型选择的原则。详细描述了2部分核心模型：估计模型和性能优化模型。根据寻优控制实时计算的要求,给出了状态变量模型和稳态变量模型的线性化表达式,并介绍了工程实现时模型的使用方法。     

螺旋锥齿轮齿面误差分析与自动反馈修正

基于齿面检测信息,识别并分析了齿面误差及其影响因素,推导出了机床运动参数与齿面误差的映射关系;开发了齿面误差自动识别系统来自动确定误差类型及机床运动参数修正项;建立了四轴联动数控铣齿机运动修正模型,通过数值优化计算实现了机床运动参数的自动修正,并经由测量加工网络完成了修正参数至数控机床的自动反馈.实验及应用表明,通过齿...     

含边界和损伤因素的纺织复合材料细观胞元模型

纺织复合材料的细观力学分析通常以胞元模型为基础,胞元边界条件的合理施加是获得精确分析结果的关键之一。本文以平面机织复合材料为例,讨论了细观胞元的选取和周期边界条件的施加方法,在此基础上建立了二维细观有限元模型,通过与全厚度模型分析结果的比较,研究了周期胞元模型的合理性,特别是边界效应和局部损伤等非周期因素对分析结果的影响,给出了这些因素下胞元边界条件的处理方法。     

基于重复控制技术的单相航空静止变流器的研究

针对航空静止变流器带非线性负载造成的输出电压波形畸变问题,分析了采用重复控制技术的单相静止变流器控制模型和补偿器的数学表达形式。给出了控制器参数的频域设计方法。通过单相500VA/400Hz静止变流器的原理样机实验,其结果表明此分析设计方法是正确可行的。同时也验证了采用重复控制技术解决航空静止变流器带非线性负载时的输出波形畸变问题是行之有效的。从而为三相大功率航空静止变流器的研制打下了良好的基础。     

无定向激光陀螺捷联惯组标定方法的对比研究

对三种无定向激光陀螺捷联惯组标定方法进行了对比研究,详细分析了各种方案的标定原理,提出了利用标准差作为评价标定方法优劣的指标.结合对某一激光陀螺捷联惯组标定试验结果的分析,得到了在无北向基准的情况下,三种标定方法在标定时间和标定精度两个指标上的对比结果,为无定向激光捷联惯组的标定提供了指导,具有较大的工程应用价值.     

An improved approach to model regional ionosphere and accelerate convergence for precise point positioning

Given the severe effects of the ionosphere on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals, single-frequency (SF) precise point positioning (PPP) users can only achieve decimeter-level positioning results. Ionosphere-free combinations can eliminate the majority of ionospheric delay, but increase observation noise and slow down dual-frequency (DF) PPP convergence. In this paper, we develop a regional ionosphere modeling and rapid convergence approach to improve SF PPP (SFPPP) accuracy and accelerate DF PPP (DFPPP) convergence speed. Instead of area model, ionospheric delay is modeled for each satellite to be used as a priori correction. With the ionospheric, wide-lane uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) and residuals satellite DCBs product, the wide-lane observations for DF users change to be high-precision pseudorange observations. The validation of a continuously operating reference station (CORS) network was analyzed. The experimental results confirm that the approach considerably improves the accuracy of SFPPP. For DF users, convergence time is substantially reduced.     

超磁致伸缩致动器轴向谐振频率计算与实验研究

 为提高超磁致伸缩致动器(GMA)的设计效率,建立了GMA动力学模型和ANSYS有限元模型,对其轴向谐振频率进行了计算和模拟,并进行了GMA轴向谐振频率分析实验。通过实验数值和计算值及有限元分析结果的对比,动力学模型计算所得的GMA轴向谐振频率与实验值的误差小于5%, ANSYS分析所得的GMA轴向谐振频率与实验值的误差小于3%,验证了动力学模型和有限元模型的有效性。最后,通过ANSYS有限元分析了GMA各部件对其轴向谐振频率的影响,并提出利用有限元分析来提高GMA的结构刚度从而改善其轴向谐振频率的方法。