有限空间轴对称射流流场的数值模拟

本文在к－ε紊流模型下，采用罚有限元法对有限空间轴对称射流流场进行数值模拟。引用罚函数优化迎风格式和退化积分，建立有限元解法的数值矩阵，在不同截面上求得工，压力和紊流参数分布，计算结果与实验数据十分接近。本文研究结果可应用于火箭发动机的喷射设计和射流量论的研究。     

基于极值理论的平尾结冰飞行风险评估

提出了结合极值理论与Copula模型来量化评估平尾结冰条件下飞行风险概率的方法。通过建立人-机-环复杂系统模型,对平尾在进近与着陆过程中的结冰情形进行仿真,采用蒙特卡罗法提取平尾结冰极值参数,验证了所提取极值参数符合一维广义极值（GEV）分布,根据飞行风险的定义和相关安全性准则,建立了平尾结冰飞行风险发生的判定条件,计算得出一维极值飞行风险概率;在此基础上选取Copula模型来描述二维极值参数的相关性,对多种Copula模型的未知参数进行辨识,通过拟合优度检验对精度进行验证,得出Joe Copula模型对二维极值分布的描述最为准确,运用Joe Copula模型计算出二维极值飞行风险概率,有效解决了一维极值具有的局限性。所提方法对飞行安全评估等理论有一定参考价值,能为平尾结冰飞行事故的预防提供分析和检验依据。     

Evaluation method for helicopter maritime search and rescue response plan with uncertainty

Helicopter plays an increasingly significant role in Maritime Search and Rescue (MSAR), and it will perform MSAR mission based on response plans when an accident occurs. Thus the rationality of response plan determines the success of MSAR mission to a large extent. However, with the impact of many uncertainty factors, it is difficult to evaluate response plans comprehensively before performing them. Aiming at these problems, an evaluation framework of helicopter MSAR response plan named UMAD is proposed in this paper, which reveals the influence mechanism of uncertainty factors based on Multi-Agent method and analyzes the mission flow based on Discrete Event System (DEVS) method. Furthermore, the evaluation criterion and indicators of response plan are extracted from the aspects of safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is adapted to calculate the probability distribution and robustness of response plan comprehensive result. Finally, in order to illustrate the validity of this method, it is discussed and verified by an application example of evaluating multiple response plans to the same MSAR scenario. The results show that this method can analyze the influence of uncertainty more systematically and optimize response plans more comprehensively.     

Dynamic parametric modeling-based model updating strategy of aeroengine casings

For accurate Finite Element (FE) modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings, Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy (PM-MUS) is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updating techniques regarding uncorrelated/correlated mode shapes. Casings structure is parametrically modeled by simplifying initial structural FE model and equivalently simulating mechanical characteristics. Uncorrelated modes between FE model and experiment are reasonably handled by adopting an objective function to recognize correct correlated modes pairs. The parametrized FE model is updated to effectively describe structural dynamic characteristics in respect of testing data. The model updating technology is firstly validated by the detailed FE model updating of one fixed–fixed beam structure in light of correlated/uncorrelated mode shapes and measured mode data. The PM-MUS is applied to the FE parametrized model updating of an aeroengine stator system (casings) which is constructed by the proposed parametric modeling approach. As revealed in this study, (A) the updated models by the proposed updating strategy and dynamic test data is accurate, and (B) the uncorrelated modes like close modes can be effectively handled and precisely identify the FE model mode associated the corresponding experimental mode, and (C) parametric modeling can enhance the dynamic modeling updating of complex structure in the accuracy of mode matching. The efforts of this study provide an efficient dynamic model updating strategy (PM-MUS) for aeroengine casings by parametric modeling and experimental test data regarding uncorrelated modes.     

加压预处理对软质聚酰亚胺泡沫力学性能的影响

为解决软质聚酰亚胺泡沫初始状态力学性能的不稳定性,采用Solimide~?AC-550聚酰亚胺泡沫分别进行不同加压方式及加压压力的预压处理,并对预压处理的试样进行拉伸和压缩性能测试。结果表明:负压预处理对该泡沫所造成的力学性能损伤比正压更大;且在+4 kPa预处理时,可使得该泡沫获得相对稳定的力学性能,满足工程应用的需求。     

CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.     

基于现代教育技术的虚拟实验系统构建模式的研究

虚拟实验系统是现代教育技术和实践教学理论相结合的产物。通过对网上虚拟实验系统构建技术的全面分析和总结 ,将适合于高职高专院校的虚拟实验教学系统的构建模式划分为模拟演示型、系统仿真型、虚拟操作训练型和真实测量型等四种类型 ,并给出了对于高职高专院校具有重要的意义的构建方案、实现思路、适用场合和应用案例     

运动激波与气泡串相互作用的多介质数值模拟

通过对激波和流体界面相互作用而诱导的大变形界面演化的数值模拟,验证了Level set 方法精确模拟多个流体界面的有效性.采用间断有限元Galerkin方法求解欧拉方程得到流场解,采用5阶WENO格式求解Level set方程追踪多流体界面,界面附近的边界条件由虚拟流体方法处理.对运动激波和两个气泡相互作用过程进行了数值模拟,得到了不同时刻的压力和密度等值线分布,并分析了计算域中两个气泡同是氦气泡,以及一个是氦气泡,一个是R22气泡情况下的计算结果.计算结果表明:利用多界面Level set方程可高质量地捕捉多个流体界面,处理3种多介质流场数值模拟问题.     

变状态测量中薄壁量热计后壁导热损失修正

针对超燃冲压发动机脉冲燃烧试验需求,基于能量平衡原理给出了对变状态条件下修正薄壁量热计导热损失的一种方法.对薄壁量热计进行了数值分析和试验验证,对比分析了修正前后的薄壁量热计测量结果.有限元分析结果表明,该方法可以有效补偿后壁导热损失,算例中修正前的热流测量误差不小于20%,修正后不大于4%.在超燃冲压发动机脉冲燃烧试验中,利用薄壁量热计与同轴热电偶热流测量了轴对称模型壁面上相同轴向位置的热流,冷态试验中修正前后的薄壁热流与同轴热电偶热流测量结果的相对偏差分别为-11.2%和3.3%.热态试验结果表明,试验中存在振荡燃烧现象,薄壁量热计的响应时间约为0.02s,与振荡周期(约为0.03s)接近,不能正确反映燃烧状态的变化.      

基于H∞方法的控制系统作动器最优控制仿真研究

在设计控制系统模型时,首先引入了有限差分法(FDM)离散化后的波动方程,然后基于H∞最优控制原理,检查闭环控制系统的稳定性和可探测性,对控制系统传感器和作动器的位置进行优化配置.通过计算闭环反馈系统的范数,最终得到了控制系统的最优控制算法.仿真结果表明,利用波动方程来优化控制系统传感器和作动器位置的算法是可行的,可广泛应用于飞控系统的设计中.