Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

Mechanism of interconnected synchronized switch damping for vibration control of blades

The Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD) is regarded as a promising alternative to mitigate the vibration of thin-walled structures in aero-engines, especially for blades or bladed disks. The common manner is to shunt the switch circuit independently to a single piezoelectric structure. This paper is aimed at exploring a novel way of using the SSD, i.e., the SSD is interconnected between two piezoelectric structures or substructures. The damping mechanism, performance, and effective range of the interconnected SSD are studied numerically and experimentally. First, based on a dual cantilever beam finite element model, the time domain and frequency domain modeling and solving methods of the interconnected SSD are deduced and validated. Then, the influence of the amplitude and phase relationship on the damping effect of the interconnected SSD is numerically studied and compared with the shunted SSD. A self-sensing SSD control board is developed, and experimental studies are carried out. The results show that the interconnected SSD establishes an additional energy channel between the corresponding piezoelectric structures. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are different, the interconnected SSD balances the vibration level of each beam. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are the same, if the appropriate interconnection manner is selected according to the phase, the resonance peak can be reduced by more than 30%. When the vibration is in-phase/out-of-phase, the damping generated by the interconnected SSD in a cross/parallel manner is even more significant than the shunted SSD. Furthermore, this novel connection scheme reduces the number of SSD circuits in half. Finally, for engineering applications, we implement the proposed damping technology to the finite element model of a typical dummy bladed disk. A piezoelectric damping ratio of 13.7% is achieved when the amount of piezo material is only 10% of blade mass. Compared with traditional friction dampers, the major advancements of the interconnected SSD are: (A) it can reduce the vibration level of blades without friction interface; (B) the space constraint is overcome, i.e., the vibration energy is not necessarily dissipated independently in one sector or through physically adjacent blades, and instead, the dissipation and transfer of vibrational energy can be realized between any blade pair. If a specific gating circuit is adopted to adjust the interconnection manner of the SSD, vibration mitigation under variable working conditions with different engine orders will be expected; (C) designers do not need to worry about the annoying nonlinearities related to working conditions anymore.     

太极二号卫星精密热控关键技术及试验验证

针对引力波探测太极二号卫星提出的高稳定度温控需求，开展了高分辨率测温系统和高稳定度热控技术的研究，提出了多级阻尼的热控设计方法，建立了多级阻尼状态空间数学模型，揭示了系统中热量传递特性。该方法在太极二号核心载荷上进行了地面试验验证，试验结果表明核心舱关键仪器的温度满足指标要求。试验结果的噪声分析，不仅验证了精密热控关键技术，而且提出了关于热噪声分析与抑制的新方法，为后续航天器精密热控技术提供了理论分析方法和工程参考依据。     

基于模态缩聚的限位状态驱动机构非线性动力学分析

含限位的驱动机构具有刚度非线性特征，在正弦振动力学试验中，不同试验量级加速度激励下其主频位置、响应放大倍数等动力学特性均会发生变化，需要开展动力学响应分析提前预示非线性影响，指导产品抗力学环境设计。基于模态缩聚理论，发展了一套针对限位非线性问题的正弦振动响应快速分析方法，可适用于各类复杂驱动机构类产品，避免了大规模有限元模型的非线性计算。算例分析表明:该方法可有效预示不同振动输入量级下限位非线性对产品响应特性的影响，反映出典型的非线性频响突变现象，且计算效率高，可为产品力学特性仿真和力学试验的开展提供有力支持。     

旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳行波模态频率分析

为推进功能梯度（FGMs）材料在发动机、导弹和火箭等领域的应用，旨在研究旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳的行波模态频率。采用Voigt模型和Sigmoid体积分数描述FGMs层合圆柱壳的材料属性，考虑科里奥利力、离心惯性力、环向初应力以及热内力推导了FGMs层合圆柱壳的能量表达式。采用切比雪夫正交多项式构造位移容许函数，建立了任意边界旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳的模态频率方程，并探讨了组分含量、夹层厚度、温度梯度和弹簧刚度系数等对FGMs层合圆柱壳模态频率的影响。结果表明:夹层厚度相比Sigmoid体积分数对模态频率的变化更为敏感；高旋转短薄壁圆柱壳相比长薄壁圆柱壳对边界条件和失稳现象的影响更为敏感；轴向弹簧相比其他弹簧对模态频率的影响更大。      

基于运行模态的复合材料梁脱层损伤识别

为了实现复合材料结构损伤的定位与定量识别,利用传递率函数的运行模态分析方法探讨了复合材料梁无损检测方法,通过对加速度传递函数的最小二乘拟合,得到结构的模态频率和阻尼,对传递率函数矩阵奇异值分解,得到结构的振型.运用曲率模态(CMS)和曲率模态变化率(CMSI)作为损伤指标,对具有单损伤、多损伤和不同损伤程度的复合材料梁...     

Guided wave propagation analysis in stiffened panel using time-domain spectral finite element method

Stiffened panels have been widely utilized in fuselages and wings as critical load-bearing components. These structures are prone to be damaged under long-term and extreme loads, and their health monitoring has been a common concern. The guided wave-based monitoring method is regarded as an efficient approach to detect the damage in stiffened plates because of its wide monitoring range and high sensitivity to micro-damage. Efficient simulation of wave propagation can theoretically demonstrate the detection mechanism of the method. In this study, a Time-Domain Spectral Finite Element Method (TD-SFEM) is adopted to study the wavefield in stiffened plates, where continuous Absorbing Layers with Increasing Damping (ALID) strategy is proposed to circumvent the disturbance of reflected waves on boundaries. After the convergence analysis, the developed TD-SFEM with ALID is validated by the finite element method first. Then, wave scattering and the influence of the stiffener are investigated in detail by comparing the results with the non-stiffened structure. Finally, the effects of the parameters of the stiffener, such as the height and width, on wave propagation are studied, respectively. The results illustrate that the proposed TD-SFEM with ALID is an efficient approach to study the wave propagation in the stiffened plate and can reveal the mechanism of influence of the stiffener. It is found that the height of the stiffener changes the interference of wavefield in the plate, while the effects of the width are mainly in wave scattering and mode conversion.     

空间站梦天实验舱整器动力学分析和试验研究

空间站研制过程中，获取准确的航天器主要动力学特性有重要意义，整器动力学特性测试是研制过程中一项必不可少的大型试验项目。针对空间站梦天实验舱整器动力学问题，通过建立螺栓—法兰局部连接结构的有限元模型，分析接触状态下刚度随外力的变化关系，分别计算拉压特性下的刚度量级，并采用子结构综合方法，依据部件级模态测试结果得到梦天实验舱整器的动力学特性。结果表明:将螺栓法兰连接刚度等效为双线性弹簧，结合子结构综合预示方法，梦天整器动力学特性的预示具有较高精度。通过连接结构的精细化建模和子结构综合预示，只需进行舱段级模态试验，节省了研制经费、缩短了研制周期，可为空间站及其他大型航天器的研制提供指导。     

QD128燃气轮机动力涡轮防振设计

分析了可能引起QD12 8燃气轮机动力涡轮振动超限的各种因素 ,着重阐述了设计中采用的各项相应的防振措施 ,简要介绍了整机试车时动力涡轮的振动情况     

飞翼布局无人机着舰飞行动力学分析

飞翼布局无人机具有独特的气动特性,研究飞翼布局无人机着舰飞行动力学特性对设计无人机着舰控制律具有重要意义。针对飞翼布局无人机着舰下滑飞行过程,建立六自由度飞行动力学模型,并通过对着舰飞行轨迹稳定性的分析,根据飞行品质对飞行轨迹稳定性的约束,计算达到一级飞行品质要求的着舰飞行速度。通过配平计算和小扰动线性化处理,得到无人机着舰下滑运动线性模型,并分析无人机纵向和横航向的固有模态特性。结果表明,飞翼无人机着舰下滑过程中,纵向的长、短周期模态及横航向的滚转和螺旋模态收敛但收敛慢,荷兰滚模态发散。