Accurately predicting hypersonic transitional flow on cone via a symmetry approach

A new algebraic transition model is proposed based on a Structural Ensemble Dynamics (SED) theory of wall turbulence, for accurately predicting the hypersonic flow heat transfer on cone. The model defines the eddy viscosity in terms of a two-dimensional multi-regime distribution of a Stress Length (SL) function, and hence is named as SED-SL. This paper presents clear evidence of precise predictions of transition onset location and peak heat flux of a wide range of hypersonic Transitional Boundary Layers (TrBL) around straight cone at zero incidence, to an unprecedented accuracy as validated by over 70 measurements for varying five crucial influential factors (Mach number, temperature ratio, cone half angle, nose Reynolds number and noise level). The results demonstrate the universality of the postulated multi-regime similarity structure, in characterizing not only the spatial non-uniform distribution of the eddy viscosity in hypersonic TrBL on cone, but also the dependence of the transition onset location on the five influential factors. The latter yields a novel correlation formula for transition center Reynolds number which takes similar functional form as the SL function within the symmetry approach. It is concluded that the SED-SL model simulates TrBL around cone with uniformly high accuracy, and then points out to an optimistic alternative way to construct hypersonic transition model.     

Investigations of entrainment characteristics and shear-layer vortices evolution in an axisymmetric rear variable area bypass injector

In this study,firstly,for the axisymmetric RVABI,the change-rule of adverse pressure gradient caused by radial velocity during the transition of internal flow mode in variable geometry is summarized,and a Bypass Ratio(BR) iterative algorithm based on the empirical correlation of non-equilibrium pressure is proposed.The algorithm can estimate the nonlinear relationship between area ratio and BR,with an error range falling below 6.5%.Then,we discuss the favorable effect of uniform mixing on the th...     

结构参数和涵道比对新型漏斗/环形组合式混合扩压器性能影响的数值研究

为了提高航空发动机加力燃烧室总体性能，提出了一种新型漏斗/环形组合式混合扩压器。采用数值模拟方法研究了结构参数和涵道比对该组合式混合扩压器流动和混合性能的影响规律。结构参数包括漏斗高度、进气冲角、进气节角。结果表明：组合式混合扩压器下游呈现剪切与涡流同时存在的流动和掺混特征。漏斗下游会形成一对旋向相反的流向涡对，支板下游形成剪切层。漏斗高度对组合式混合扩压器性能影响较大，其值越大热混合效率越高，同时总压损失也越大。组合式混合扩压器初始热混合效率随着进气冲角和进气节角增大而升高，混合充分发展后热混合效率相差不大，总压损失随着进气冲角的增大而增大，随着进气节角的变化差别不大。热混合效率随着涵道比增大逐渐降低，当涵道比大于0.8时基本保持不变。     

Large eddy simulations of a turbulent mixing layer periodically excited with fundamental and third harmonic frequency

A better understanding of the mixing behavior of excited turbulent mixing layers is critical to a number of aerospace applications. Previous studies of excited turbulent mixing layers focused on single frequency excitation or the excitation with fundamental and its second harmonic frequency. There is a lack of detailed studies on applying low and higher frequency excitation. In this study, we have performed large-eddy simulations of periodically excited turbulent mixing layers. The excitation consists of a fundamental frequency and its third harmonic. We have used phase-averaging to identify the vortex structure and strength in the mixing layer, and we have studied the vortex dynamics. Two different vortex paring mechanisms are observed depending on the phase shift between the two excitation frequencies. The influence of these two mechanisms on the mixing of a passive scalar is also studied. It is found that exciting the mixing layer with these low and high frequencies has initially an adverse influence on the mixing process; however, it improves the mixing further downstream of the splitter plate with the excitation using a phase shift of $\mathrm{\Delta }\varphi =\mathrm{\pi }$ showing the best mixing performance. The present works shed lights on the fundamental vortex dynamics, and has great potential for aeronautical, automotive and combustion engineering applications.     

Guided wave propagation analysis in stiffened panel using time-domain spectral finite element method

Stiffened panels have been widely utilized in fuselages and wings as critical load-bearing components. These structures are prone to be damaged under long-term and extreme loads, and their health monitoring has been a common concern. The guided wave-based monitoring method is regarded as an efficient approach to detect the damage in stiffened plates because of its wide monitoring range and high sensitivity to micro-damage. Efficient simulation of wave propagation can theoretically demonstrate the detection mechanism of the method. In this study, a Time-Domain Spectral Finite Element Method (TD-SFEM) is adopted to study the wavefield in stiffened plates, where continuous Absorbing Layers with Increasing Damping (ALID) strategy is proposed to circumvent the disturbance of reflected waves on boundaries. After the convergence analysis, the developed TD-SFEM with ALID is validated by the finite element method first. Then, wave scattering and the influence of the stiffener are investigated in detail by comparing the results with the non-stiffened structure. Finally, the effects of the parameters of the stiffener, such as the height and width, on wave propagation are studied, respectively. The results illustrate that the proposed TD-SFEM with ALID is an efficient approach to study the wave propagation in the stiffened plate and can reveal the mechanism of influence of the stiffener. It is found that the height of the stiffener changes the interference of wavefield in the plate, while the effects of the width are mainly in wave scattering and mode conversion.     

无塌陷型面出流及输送管内推进剂利用技术研究

针对火箭通用芯级氧箱的共底贮箱结构，通过理论分析及数值仿真，提出了“无塌陷型面+消漩叶片”的出流方案，并通过优化型面起始点半径，确保出流过程中不产生明显的液面塌陷。仿真及缩比试验结果表明，相比传统的“圆盘+倒锥”出流方案，贮箱推进剂在无塌陷型面出流方案下的出流过程中，没有明显的气液掺混或漩涡夹气现象，贮箱内推进剂可得到充分利用。在此基础上，利用Wallis两相漂移模型对输送管内两相介质传播速度进行了理论研究，并结合出流过程中气泡运动速度的试验结果，提出了输送管内推进剂的可用量准则。     

空间激光通信网络中的全光数据合路技术研究

针对空间激光通信网络接入节点多路激光链路传输需求，基于高非线性光纤中四波混频参量效应，并结合色散控制，开展全光合路处理技术研究。采用VPI 10.0模拟平台构建了时间透镜全光合路系统，验证了4路速率为10 Gbps的差分相移键控DPSK（Differential Phase Shift Keying）信号光以及通断键控调制OOK（On-Off Keying）和DPSK混合制式信号光的全光合路可行性，并对全光合路技术实现中色散、光功率等关键参数对系统性能的影响进行了分析，为实际系统的设计和应用提供数据支撑。所提出的全光合路技术具有数据处理带宽大、通信制式兼容且系统复杂度低等优点，可有效降低空间激光通信网络的资源需求与载荷成本，为下一代空间激光骨干网的发展与全面应用提供有效技术支撑。     

燃料预加热对超声速剪切掺混的增强效果

随着高超声速飞行器不断朝着高马赫、宽速域方向发展，推进系统面临低动压的工作条件，对燃烧室内的流动掺混带来巨大挑战。针对碳氢燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧室，本文研究了碳氢燃料预加热对超声速剪切掺混特性的影响机制，分析了温度与碳氢燃料热裂解对掺混特性的影响规律。研究发现，当碳氢燃料未发生热裂解反应时，燃料预加热会使射流黏性耗散增强从而掺混效率降低，燃料温度从750 K增加到900 K时，燃烧室掺混效率降低约5%、总压损失约增加20%；但燃料热裂解反应对剪切掺混有双重影响，裂解后的碳氢燃料膨胀性能提升，使喷嘴附近的掺混效率提高约18%；由于剪切层内流体湍动能下降，在远离喷嘴的位置掺混效率降低约6%。