Performance comparison of aero-ramp and transverse injector based on gas-pilot flame

A direct performance comparison between the four-hole aero-ramp injector and single transverse injector in a dual-mode scramjet combustor was conducted. The mixing characteristics of two injectors were calculated by solving the three-dimensional (3-D) compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), with the help of the shear-stress-transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The numerical results show that the far field mixing efficiency of the aero-ramp injector is higher than that of the single transverse injector. High enthalpy vitiated air was heated to a total temperature of 1200K by hydrogen-oxygen combustion, entering the isolator entrance at a Mach number of 2.0. Non-reacting experimental conditions involved sonic injection of nitrogen to safely simulate ethylene injected into the combustor at a jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio of 2.6. Schlieren photographs were obtained to analyze the shock structure around the injectors. Reacting test conditions involved sonic injection of ethylene at the jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2.7. High speed camera was used to capture the flame structures in the near-field combustion. The experimental results show that the aero-ramp injector produce sustained combustion over a wider range of fuel-air ratios than the single transverse injector. At the identical jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio, the aero-ramp has a larger isolator margin than the single transverse injector, demonstrating a better ability for avoiding overflows. However, the air specific impulse and total temperature recovery of two injectors, which are calculated by the one-dimensional (1-D) performance analysis code, are almost identical.      

基于差分和局部积分均值的EMD算法

针对经验模态分解中无法分离频率相近信号的问题,提出一种新的经验模态分解算法。该算法将局部积分均值的"筛分"算法和差分经验模态分解算法的思想结合在一起。仿真结果表明,该算法的频率分辨率比基于局部积分均值的经验模态分解算法要高,分解效率要比基于差分的经验模态分解算法要高,同时在一定程度上抑制了边界效应。     

合成射流激励器增强同向燃气-氧气掺混数值模拟及机理研究

建立了将合成射流激励器腔体、出口喉道及外部受控流场作为单连域计算处理的全流场计算模型(X L模型)。基于此计算模型,对合成射流激励器增强同向燃气 氧气掺混的流场进行了数值仿真和机理研究。研究表明,应用合成射流激励器可以显著增强同向燃气/氧气的掺混,其主要控制机理是合成射流激励器对同向燃气/氧气流起到流动方向控制作用,使两侧两股氧气平行射流向内发生偏转,从而大大缩短了每股射流的核心区长度;同时,激励器工作改变和加强了射流出口附近的涡结构,通过涡结构的强对流作用极大地增强了燃气/氧气平行射流在出口附近的混合。     

Nonlinear mixture model of mixed pixels in remote sensing satellite images based on Monte Carlo simulation

A nonlinear mixture model for the interpretation of mixed pixels in remote sensing satellite images is proposed. The proposed model is a Monte Carlo ray-tracing model that takes into account interactions among the ground cover materials (multiple reflections among the materials on the surface). The proposed model also takes into account topographic features (slope) of the ground surface. As an example, Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) radiance of mixed pixels of forested areas which are composed of grasses and trees are simulated with the proposed model and compared to actual remote sensing satellite data of ASTER/VNIR over these forested areas. It was found that the influence due to multiple scattering interactions between trees depends on the tree distance and ranges from 8% to 10%. It is also found that the proposed model is useful to interpret mixed pixels. Namely, it is suggested that actual reflectance of the trees is higher than apparent reflectance that is calculated with the satellite data. Also it is suggested that it is possible to estimate forest parameters such as tree distance, tree shape.     

高对流Mach数三维混合层转捩特性分析及小激波结构模拟

采用空间大涡模拟方法对超/超混合、超/亚混合两类三维可压缩平面混合层转捩及其全湍流流场进行了研究,认为混合层动量厚度饱和点可作为流场转捩完成的标志.计算所得到的线性扰动波激励下流场转捩拟序结构与随机扰动下自然失稳结构以及文献结果进行了比对,其结果是一致的,表明了引入线性扰动激励来研究流场转捩结构是合理的.同时,本文还在较高对流Mach数流动下得到了三维流场动态小激波结构,其分布具有非对称特性,且形状与实验及直接数值模拟结果相似.不同条件混合层转捩计算表明:高对流Mach数下混合层转捩以Λ涡结构的形成和发展为主导机制,受扰动及对流条件的影响Λ涡结构不尽相同,某些情况下流场出现二维与三维涡结构共存现象.充分发展湍流区域,流场脉动速度分量量级相同,湍流压缩效应随着对流Mach数提高而明显增强.     

斜坡增强混合的数值研究

采用隐式方法求解三维可压Ｎ－Ｓ方程及组分方程,数值模拟了后掠、无后掠斜坡的混合增强流场。比较了两种斜坡的混合增强效果及产生的流向涡量的强度。计算结果表明后掠斜坡产生流向涡的强度明显高于无后掠斜坡,其混合增强效果也更好。     

双过临界喷管充气混合装置

双过临界声速喷管充气混合装置能够快速、均匀地混合两种气体,其背压适用范围比临界声速喷管提高了４０％,性能良好,结构简单。经边界层修正、实态标定和色谱检验、混合效果良好。适用 种燃烧、爆轰实验的气体混合。     

横流注入形式对发动机尾喷流红外辐射特性影响的数值研究

针对轴对称收敛喷管,在其出口设计了横向射流装置,在保持横流总流量相同且进口总温为840K的情况下,数值模拟研究了横流不同注入形式对发动机尾喷流红外辐射的抑制效果.横流的注入能够增强尾喷流与外界气流的掺混,减小高温区长度.结果表明:周向4股注入时的掺混效果要明显弱于横流单股、双股相对注入,故其红外抑制效果也较差;在侧方探测面上,方位角大于20°时,横流单股注入与双股相对注入时的抑制效果非常接近,但后者效果稍好,其最大降幅达到71.6%;在下方探测面,两者的辐射强度均要比其在侧方探测面时大,且双股相对注入时的辐射强度与周向4股注入形式相当;在上方探测面上,相对于其他注入形式,横流单股注入时的辐射强度相对较小,最大降幅达到78.4%.      

气冷径向稳定器张角对混合扩压器性能影响

针对一种混合扩压器和气冷径向稳定器一体化新型结构,基于N-S方程建立了流场三维数值计算模型,研究了气冷径向稳定器张角变化对混合扩压器流场、流阻特性和混合特性的影响规律.结果表明:随着气冷径向稳定器张角的增大,混合扩压器的静压恢复系数逐渐减小,混合扩压器的流阻系数和压力损失系数均逐渐增大;在混合扩压器出口截面处,随着气冷径向稳定器张角的增大,总压恢复系数逐渐减小,总压恢复系数的最大值与最小值相差0.0032.热混合效率逐渐增大,热混合效率的整体变化范围为0.7268~0.8857.      

狭长出口弯曲混合管一体化红外抑制器红外特性分析

将发动机热端部件-弯曲混合管埋入尾机身模型内部并引入旋翼下洗气流与热排气强迫混合,这是一种新型的一体化红外抑制器结构。通过数值模拟和实验分析比较了波瓣喷管与旋翼下洗的混合流场,并且获得了不同旋翼下洗气流作用下模型壁面的红外辐射光谱。结果表明:在弯曲混合管出口存在低压区,使得周围冷却气流在压差的驱动下被不断吸入混合;模型的红外辐射主要以8～14μm波段的红外辐射为主,随着旋翼下洗气流速度的增加,模型的红外辐射强度逐渐降低。