用最大值原理求某无人机的最优上升轨迹

为改进某无人机飞行性能，应用最大值原理求解无人机在垂直平面内的最优上升轨迹，推导了无人机最经济爬升所满足的极值方程；并用此方程和最快爬升极值方程这两类目标函数求解了某无人机的最优上升轨迹，计算结果表明，经优化后的爬升轨迹可以节省燃油，延长无人机的续航时间或快速爬升到预定的终点高度具有较好的性能收益。     

Cutting force model and damage formation mechanism in milling of 70wt% Si/Al composite

High-mass fraction silicon aluminium composite(Si/Al composite) has unique properties of high specific strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent wear resistance and weldability. It has attracted many applications in terms of radar communication, aerospace and automobile industry. However, rapid tool wear resulted from high cutting force and hard abrasion, and damaged machined surfaces are the main problem in machining Si/Al composite. This work aims to reveal the mechanisms of milli...     

Influence of deformation zone length on bending radius of SS304 tubes with small diameters manufactured via free bending-based active motion

In three and six-axis free-bending equipment, the deformation zone length(A) is a fixed mechanical structure parameter modified when the relevant structure is redesigned and manufactured. In this study, a six degree of freedom(6-DOF) parallel mechanism was used as the control mechanism of the bending die, and a new method of changing the deformation zone length(A)was proposed. Firstly, an idealized geometric model of free bending-based active motion was established. Then, the influence of the de...     

四轮起落架飞机地面滑跑转弯分析

现代飞机对其地面滑跑性能的要求日益提高,同时要求能够在条件更加苛刻的环境下运行.以四点式起落架布局飞机为研究对象,基于阿克曼转向几何原理,推导该飞机地面滑跑时两个前轮之间的转角关系.在Adams/Aircraft中建立四点式起落架飞机虚拟样机,并进行其地面滑跑仿真分析.探讨四点式起落架飞机不同前轮作为主动操纵轮时,对转弯半径的影响.结果表明:在相同滑跑条件下,当前轮操纵转弯时,四点式起落架飞机比常规的前三点式起落架飞机拥有更小的转弯半径;当主轮差动刹车转弯时,四点式起落架飞机的转弯半径略大于三点式起落架飞机;四点式起落架飞机的两前轮同时为主动操纵轮时,飞机的转弯半径最小.     

白刚玉对微烟推进剂燃烧性能的影响

微烟推进剂不能含有铝粉,故必须加入其他燃烧稳定剂来抑制不稳定燃烧。本文提出了燃烧稳定剂选择的关键性指标——粒度及粒度分布的可控性,认为磨料微粉白刚玉(Al_2O_3)是微烟推进剂比较合适的燃烧稳定剂新品种,进而研究了白刚玉粒度、含量对推进剂燃速、压强指数和燃烧稳定性影响的规律性,探讨了燃烧前后白刚玉粒度变化的趋势,并由实测火焰结构证实,该推进剂与双基推进剂火焰结构相似,从而为该类推进剂选择催化剂提供了理论依据.     

Cost Engineering – The new paradigm for space launch vehicle design

The paper describes the basic definition and application of 'Cost Engineering' which means to design a vehicle system for minimum development cost and/or for minimum operations cost. This is important now and for the future since space transportation has become primarily a commercial business in contrast to the past where it has been mainly a subject of military power and national prestige. Several examples are presented for minimum-cost space launch vehicle configurations, such as increasing vehicle size and/or the use of less efficient rocket engines in order to reduce development and operations cost. Further a cost comparison is presented on single-stage (SSTO)-vehicles vs. two-stage launchers which shows that SSTOs have lower development and operations cost although they are larger, respectively have a higher lift-off mass than two-stage vehicles with the same performance. The design of a space tourism-dedicated launch vehicle is an extreme challenge for a cost-engineered vehicle design in order to achieve cost per seat not higher than $50,000. Finally an outlook is presented on the different options for manned Earth-to-Moon transportation modes and vehicles – another most important application of 'cost engineering', taking into account the large cost of such a future venture.     

Plasmaspheric electron content derived from GPS TEC and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC measurements: Solar minimum condition

The plasmaspheric electron content (PEC) was estimated by comparison of GPS TEC observations and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation measurements at the extended solar minimum of cycle 23/24. Results are retrieved for different seasons (equinoxes and solstices) of the year 2009. COSMIC-derived electron density profiles were integrated up to the height of 700 km in order to retrieve estimates of ionospheric electron content (IEC). Global maps of monthly median values of COSMIC IEC were constructed by use of spherical harmonics expansion. The comparison between two independent measurements was performed by analysis of the global distribution of electron content estimates, as well as by selection specific points corresponded to mid-latitudes of Northern America, Europe, Asia and the Southern Hemisphere. The analysis found that both kinds of observations show rather similar diurnal behavior during all seasons, certainly with GPS TEC estimates larger than corresponded COSMIC IEC values. It was shown that during daytime both GPS TEC and COSMIC IEC values were generally lower at winter than in summer solstice practically over all specific points. The estimates of PEC (h > 700 km) were obtained as a difference between GPS TEC and COSMIC IEC values. Results of comparative study revealed that for mid-latitudinal points PEC estimates varied weakly with the time of a day and reached the value of several TECU for the condition of solar minimum. Percentage contribution of PEC to GPS TEC indicated the clear dependence from the time with maximal values (more than 50–60%) during night-time and lesser values (25–45%) during day-time.     

多元高温合金固溶极限预测

综合考虑了溶质元素与基体元素的原子半径、电负性以及外层电子数的立方根对溶质元素固溶度的影响，推导出二元合金的固溶度定量方程，提出了多元高温合金固溶极限曲线的预测新方法，并将其应用于计算镍基和钴基三元合金相图的γ／（γ＋σ）相界和γ（γ＋μ）相界。结果表明，计算的固溶极限曲线与已知相图的固溶极限曲线较吻合，与Ｍｄ值法计算的相界比较，该方法具有较高的精度。     

无网格方法中含参数指数权函数的研究

选择合适的权函数及相应的影响半径是无网格方法中很重要的问题,在引入数值紧支域概念的基础上分析了含参数的指数权函数中参数的选取范围,综合考虑计算效率和精度后给出了参数的选取原则,并讨论了在特定的参数下的最优半径以及不同参数对最优半径的影响.     

输油管布置优化模型

根据两车站是否在同一竖线上,分成两种情况,其中重点考虑了两车站不在同一竖线上的情况。根据三角形的相关知识,给出了管线建设费用的目标函数,然后利用微分法,得出最省的管线费用,最终解决了输油管布置的问题。