应力集中对GH2036合金低周疲劳—蠕变性能的影响

在对光滑试件和缺口试件进行高温疲劳－蠕变实验的基础上,分析了应力集中对ＧＨ２０３６合金低周疲劳－蠕变特性的影响。结果表明缺口试件的循环寿命远远低于光滑试件的循环寿命。将应变范围划分方法和改进的Ｎｅｕｂｅｒ原理相结合,得到了缺口部位高温低周疲劳－蠕变寿命估测的方法。用该方法估算ＧＨ２０３６合金的寿命并与实测寿命结果进行比较,证明此方法的预测效果良好。     

复合材料补片胶接修补研究进展

介绍了复合材料补片胶接修补的优越性及关键技术，详细论述了复合材料补片胶接修补的设计分析以及修补的无损检测和试验验证，追踪报道了补片胶接修补的研究方法。     

非定常风沙流中风速脉动对沙粒相瞬时浓度影响的实验研究

在大气边界层风洞内采用高速CMOS相机记录了时均风速线性上升的来流条件下运动沙粒的图像。根据二进制图像标记像素的连通性,从数字图像中提取相机拍摄区域内沙粒的数量N,由此计算得到风沙流的瞬时含沙量C。获取图像的同时,使用恒温式热线风速仪MiniCTA配合55R49热膜探头测量观测域上方主流位置和跃移层顶部附近的风速变化。实验结果表明,风沙流中的瞬时含沙量总是非稳定的,其变化频率至少在100Hz以上。风沙之间的相互作用存在一定的滞后效应,大气湍流脉动对含沙量的作用与沙粒粒径相关,粒径越小,风速脉动作用越大。当粒径≤160μm时,风速的微小变化即可引起含沙量的明显波动,二者高度相关。当粒径较大的时候,如300～500μm,只有较长时间较大幅度的风速脉动才能使含沙量有较大幅度的变化,研究时均风速变化对含沙量的影响更具有意义。     

单向复合材料在低温下的应力集中及强度

首先采用计及基体拉力的修正剪滞模型,研究了在低温情形下受纵向拉伸荷载作用的单向纤维增强复合材料由部分纤维及基体断裂所导致的应力重新分布。然后采用随机临界核理论,对单向纤维增强复合材料在低温情形下的拉伸破坏过程进行了细观统计分析,定量地研究了低温对拉伸强度的影响。计算结果表明,在低温环境下,E-玻璃纤维和碳纤维复合材料的应力集中因子有不同程度的改变,其强度极限均比常温情形下高。     

止裂孔尺寸对止裂效果影响的研究

当航空器结构在航线使用过程中出现疲劳裂纹损伤时,通常在裂纹尖端打止裂孔进行临时性修理。通过理论分析和计算及试验分析,研究了止裂孔尺寸对止裂效果的影响。结果表明,当航空器结构出现疲劳裂纹损伤时,采用5.57～7.14mm直径的止裂孔进行止裂修理,止裂效果较好;当止裂孔直径为6.35mm时,止裂效果最好。     

典型城市街道内汽车排放污染物扩散规律的模拟研究

采用自主开发的街道峡谷内污染物扩散模式,对城市中几种典型的街道峡谷内流场和污染物的浓度场进行了模拟研究。模拟结果表明:在一定气象条件下,街道中机动车排放污染物的扩散受街道宽高比、街道两侧建筑物对称性、街道两侧建筑物高度分布及街道两侧的建筑物形状等因素的影响;街道峡谷宽高比接近1时、递升型峡谷以及宽阔街道有利于污染物的扩散。     

无氰亚硫酸盐镀金

重点论述了无氰亚硫酸钠镀金的优点、配方及工作条件、配置程序，应用于实际生产中的效果及优点．     

复合材料迭层板孔边应力集中分析

采用平面４节点等参元方法，研究含中心圆孔复合材料迭层板孔边应力分布规律，对比分析了边距、铺层、材料性能常数、外载等因素对孔边应力集中的影响。     

RN-FD型固体氡气源的稳定性及应用分析

对测氡仪器进行精确校准是氡测量工作中的重要环节,固体氡气源的稳定性、可靠性在校准中则显得至关重要。本文通过分析RN-FD型固体氡气源对闪烁室K值的稳定性实验结果,认为:RN-FD型固体氡气源标称的浓度值与实际浓度值不一致,标称浓度值只是理论浓度值而不是实际浓度值,需重新刻度才能使用;RN-FD型固体氡气源抽气循环时间不同则浓度不同,但抽气循环时间固定,观测结果比较稳定;对于没有α检查源的台站,RN-FD型固体氡气源可用于氡观测仪器坪区检查。     

Semi-annual variations of chlorophyll concentration on the Eastern Tropical Pacific coast of Mexico

An analysis of the main remotly sensed oceanographic variables was conducted to characterize the dominant drivers that modulate the spatial-temporal variability of coastal phytoplankton biomass in the northern limit of the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The phytoplankton biomass was analyzed using monthly average satellite chlorophyll (Chlo) concentration data from MODIS sensors for the period 2003–2017. Oceanographic conditions were analyzed by considering (i) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) high-resolution data from the GHRSST project, (ii) wind stress calculated with data from the zonal and meridional components of the CCMP product, (iii) climatological precipitation, and (iv) climatological river flow. Chlo time series and spatial variability were analyzed using Hovmöller diagrams and Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF), respectively. A strong semi-annual signal in Chlo concentration along the coast was observed: the first peak occurs in winter-spring (5.0 mg·m⁻³) and a second one in summer-autumn (6.5 mg·m⁻³). A high year-round average of Chlo concentration (3.0–15.0 mg·m⁻³) was maintained by a 10 km wide along-shore coast, with maximum values spatially associated with river mouths, of which Santiago river registered the highest Chlo values (20.0 mg·m⁻³). Surface oceanographic conditions showed a marked annual cycle with warmer conditions (30–31 °C) from July to October and colder ones (23–24 °C) from December to April; during the cold period, seasonal wind stress stimulated coastal upwelling. The EOF showed that 70% of Chlo concentration variability was controlled by the semi-annual pattern, which responded to coastal upwelling conditions during cold period, while rivers outflows influenced high Chlo concentration during the warm period. These results highlighted the importance for land-ocean interface to sustain coastal ecosystems' biological production and the major role of watersheds as sources of nutrients to maintain high biological production during warm periods in transitional tropical-subtropical zones.