纳米铝粉的活性评价方法研究进展

综述了纳米铝粉活性的2类评价方法:单质铝含量法和热分析参数法.单质铝含量的测定方法主要有气体容量法、氧化还原滴定法、热重分析法和透射电镜分析法,其中氧化还原滴定法又可分为重铬酸钾滴定法、水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法、非水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法及硫酸高铈法.基于热分析参数的活性评价方法主要采用:氧化起始温度、最大氧化速率、一定温度范...     

最小二乘支持向量机的在线学习算法研究

针对最小二乘支持向量机在线逼近过程中求解矩阵维数逐渐扩大的问题,提出了一种最小二乘支持向量机的在线学习算法。借助滚动窗口的思想,建立一个随时间滑动的建模数据区间,在线逼近中通过接受新数据删除旧数据来保持数据区间长度不变,同时数据不断更新,从而实现模型的在线学习。仿真结果表明了这种学习算法的有效性。     

激光刻蚀技术及其在航天器天线制造中的应用

以可实现频率复用、高灵敏度和低噪声的航天器先进固面天线反射器(极化和频率敏感反射器等)为例,主要介绍了利用镀膜/激光刻蚀技术进行反射器表面高精度金属薄膜图形制作过程中的关键技术问题和解决措施,同时简要介绍了已尝试过的三维曲面高精度薄膜图形制作技术和激光刻蚀技术的现状和发展方向。     

基于欠采样的零阶优化算法

非平衡学习吸引了许多研究者的关注。一般情况下,少数类是更值得关注的,并且其误分类代价要远高于多数类。由于非平衡数据分布的非均衡性,标准的分类算法将难以适用。为了解决非平衡数据分类问题,给出了基于欠采样的零阶优化算法。首先,为了降低数据非平衡分布的影响,针对不同非平衡比的数据集给出了不同的两种采样策略。然后,采用了一种引入间隔均值项的支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)优化模型进行分类,并使用带有方差减小的零阶随机梯度下降算法进行求解,提高了算法的精度。在非平衡数据上进行了对比实验,实验证明提出的方法有效提高了非平衡数据的分类效果。     

一种具有电压支撑功能的改进无功注入策略

电压跌落是输配电系统面临的最严重的问题之一。随着分布式光伏电源在电力系统中的渗透率越来越高,国内外最新标准要求光伏逆变器必须具备低电压穿越能力。为了消除有功功率振荡,在传统的正/负序控制基础上提出了一种改进的有功/无功注入策略;针对现有电压支撑方法缺乏电压抬升范围控制,将三相电压幅值作为控制目标,详细推导了适用于不同电压跌落情况下的数学模型,得出为保证各相电压均保持在安全运行范围之内所需注入无功功率参考值。仿真结果验证了所提策略的正确性和有效性。     

海上待战模式下的导弹保障辅助决策模型

在大规模、高强度、海上待战的作战模式下,海军导弹武器装备的高效及时补充,对于作战部队战斗力的恢复和持续具有越来越重要的意义。文章根据时效性和经济性原则,围绕保障关系的决策建立辅助决策模型,帮助指挥员快速地、科学地确定保障关系,为制定精确、快捷、高效的保障方案提供辅助决策,具有一定的参考和借鉴意义,并通过实例对模型进行了验证。     

复合材料胶补飞机损伤金属结构疲劳寿命分析

针对复合材料单面胶接修理飞机损伤金属结构疲劳寿命分析时,多种失效模式耦合作用、残余热应力和附加弯曲力矩以及裂纹非均匀扩展的影响,提出了一种能够综合考虑上述影响因素的复合材料修理损伤金属结构疲劳寿命评估方法。算例分析结果与试验结果吻合,表明本文方法可为复合材料单面胶接修理损伤金属结构疲劳寿命估算提供参考。     

基于灰色近似支持向量机的加速度计参数预测

温度、振动等环境载荷使得石英挠性加速度计参数产生漂移,直接影响了惯导系统的测量精度和性能,石英挠性加速度计参数变化趋势为非线性的,很难用常规的建模方法进行趋势预测。基于灰色理论适合进行小样本、贫信息不确定型系统建模以及近似支持向量机不需要求解二次规划就能求得非线性模型参数的优点,提出了基于灰色近似支持向量机进行石英挠性加速度计参数预测的方法。为了验证该方法的有效性,针对自然贮存的加速度计进行了固定周期的参数标定,结果表明灰色近似支持向量机具有很好的预测效果。     

老龄飞机的故障控制

介绍了老龄飞机的故障控制方式，阐述了预防性维修和及时处理故障在老龄飞机保障中的重要性。     

Integration of lessons from recent research for “Earth to Mars” life support systems

Development of reliable and robust strategies for long-term life support for planetary exploration must be built from real-time experimentation to verify and improve system components. Also critical is incorporating a range of viable options to handle potential short-term life system imbalances. This paper revisits some of the conceptual framework for a Mars base prototype which has been developed by the authors along with others previously advanced (“Mars on Earth^®”) in the light of three years of experimentation in the Laboratory Biosphere, further investigation of system alternatives and the advent of other innovative engineering and agri-ecosystem approaches. Several experiments with candidate space agriculture crops have demonstrated the higher productivity possible with elevated light levels and improved environmental controls. For example, crops of sweet potatoes exceeded original Mars base prototype projections by an average of 46% (53% for best crop) ultradwarf (Apogee) wheat by 9% (23% for best crop), pinto bean by 13% (31% for best crop). These production levels, although they may be increased with further optimization of lighting regimes, environmental parameters, crop density etc. offer evidence that a soil-based system can be as productive as the hydroponic systems which have dominated space life support scenarios and research. But soil also offers distinct advantages: the capability to be created on the Moon or Mars using in situ space resources, reduces long-term reliance on consumables and imported resources, and more readily recycling and incorporating crew and crop waste products. In addition, a living soil contains a complex microbial ecosystem which helps prevent the buildup of trace gases or compounds, and thus assist with air and water purification. The atmospheric dynamics of these crops were studied in the Laboratory Biosphere adding to the database necessary for managing the mixed stands of crops essential for supplying a nutritionally adequate diet in space. This paper explores some of the challenges of small bioregenerative life support: air-sealing and facility architecture/design, balance of short-term variations of carbon dioxide and oxygen through staggered plantings, options for additional atmospheric buffers and sinks, lighting/energy efficiency engineering, crop and waste product recycling approaches, and human factor considerations in the design and operation of a Mars base. An “Earth to Mars” project, forging the ability to live sustainably in space (as on Earth) requires continued research and testing of these components and integrated subsystems; and developing a step-by-step learning process.