Effects of FDM-3D printing parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure of CF/PEEK and GF/PEEK

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has unique advantages in the rapid prototyping of thermoplastics which have been developed in diverse fields. However, although great efforts have been made to optimize FDM process, the mechanical properties of printed parts are limited by the weak interlamination bonding as well as the poor performance of raw filaments used, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA). Adding fibers into thermoplastic matrix and preparing high-performance filaments have been indicated to enhance the properties of fabricated parts. Recently, heat-resistant polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its fiber reinforced composites were proposed for FDM process due to overcoming the limitation of equipment and process. However, few researches have been reported on the effects of FDM-3D printing parameters on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced PEEK composites. Therefore, 5wt% carbon fiber (CF) and glass fiber (GF) reinforced PEEK composite filaments were prepared respectively in this study. The effects of various printing parameters including nozzle temperature, platform temperature, printing speed and layer thickness on the mechanical properties (including tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength) were surveyed. To analyze the microstructure and failure reasons of printed CF/PEEK and GF/PEEK samples, the tensile fractured surfaces were investigated via scanning electron microscope (SEM).     

固体火箭发动机包覆层力学性能与交联密度的相关性建模研究

介绍了包覆层力学性能的研究进展,综述了交联密度的测试方法和应用,分析了现有的本构模型并提出改进意见。研究表明:包覆层在复杂环境下的力学性能研究是下一步研究的重点;从微观机理分析包覆层的宏观力学性能是其力学研究的趋势;核磁共振仪等现代仪器的运用可以克服传统方法的不足,具有较大的发展空间。     

淬火、回火制度对M152 合金机匣组织性能的影响

国产大飞机及其发动机的自主研制需采用M152合金制造发动机机匣,该机匣盘锻件尺寸大、结构复杂,工作时承受很大的载荷,对其综合力学性能要求苛刻。为提高M152合金机匣锻件的组织与力学性能水平,需要对其热处理工艺进行系统研究。通过试验研究了不同的淬火、回火制度对M152合金机匣组织性能的影响。采用光学显微镜分析了锻件的显微组织,测试了锻件的室温拉伸、冲击和硬度。综合分析结果表明:当M152合金锻件经1010℃淬火,油冷,565℃回火,空冷热处理后,可实现强度、韧性的良好匹配。     

新舟飞机发动机防误操作设计与研究

防误操作设计作为飞机发动机操纵系统设计的一个重要组成部分,主要是防止用于反推力和低于飞行状态的桨距调定的每一操纵器件被误动而导致不安全事件的发生。通过对比分析国内外飞机防误操作的设计特点,以及新舟飞机防误操作设计上存在的不足及使用过程中暴露出来的问题,结合新舟飞机外场运营飞行数据,提出了采用轮速与空地信号同时控制飞行慢车电磁限动的控制方式,以及采用具有明显可见动作的飞行慢车机械限动方式,提高了系统的工作可靠性。     

Zn-Cr2AlC复合材料的制备与摩擦磨损性能

为改善金属Zn的摩擦磨损性能,采用热压法制备Cr₂AlC陶瓷颗粒增强Zn基复合材料,并研究了Cr₂AlC质量分数对复合材料的金相组织、维氏硬度、相对密度及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的硬度随着Cr₂AlC质量分数的适量增加而明显升高。当Cr₂AlC的质量分数达到20%时,复合材料的硬度是纯Zn的1.52倍。摩擦磨损实验表明,Cr₂AlC颗粒的引入,可显著改善复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,摩擦系数由纯Zn的0.75降到Zn-20%Cr₂AlC的0.65,Zn-30%Cr₂AlC的磨损率相比纯Zn下降了80.54%。分析磨损表面形貌,得出其磨损类型为磨粒磨损和剥层磨损。     

用于薄片试样弹塑性应力-应变分析的半解析方法

针对圆弧漏斗薄片试样和圆环薄片试样提出了半解析统一模型,并进行了有限元验证,该模型对漏斗薄片试样与圆环薄片试样单调力学行为均有优良的描述性。完成了漏斗薄片试样与圆环薄片试样的单轴拉伸试验及变幅对称循环试验,获得了载荷-位移曲线和循环稳定载荷幅-位移幅曲线。通过该模型并利用试验曲线预测材料单轴应力-应变关系和循环应力-应变关系,发现根据两种薄片试样预测的材料应力-应变关系及循环应力-应变关系与标准圆棒试样结果吻合良好。     

航空煤油泵轴尾机械密封副材料特性

为选择适合在航空煤油介质中工作的机械密封副材料,对材料的摩擦特性进行了研究,利用摩擦磨损试验机得到不同工况条件与表面粗糙度下材料的摩擦因数、温升,在原子力显微镜(AFM)下对3组典型配对材料的微观磨损形貌进行观测,分析磨粒磨损和黏着磨损的行为差异,计算磨损的关键参数。研究发现:聚四氟乙烯（PTFE)在既定条件下为性能最佳的软材料;硬材料表面粗糙度值为0.05时的摩擦性能最佳,不同硬材料间性能差异不大。研究发现PTFE在配磨材料上产生的犁沟效应最轻微,黏附的元素颗粒最少;黏着磨损会造成表面高度分布函数的偏移,利用离散化求解公式得到了黏着体积与平均黏着厚度。      

新型抗冲击吸能材料STG的结构和性能分析

为了减小震动冲击对人体的伤害,本文制备了一种具有缓冲作用的剪切增稠凝胶(STG),对其红外和流变性能进行了初步研究,将STG与聚氨酯泡沫(PU)结合提高泡沫的抗冲击性能,通过扫描电镜观察复合前后聚氨酯泡沫的微观形貌。结果表明:B原子顺利地引入硅氧烷链中;有明显的蠕变和剪切增稠性质;STG已经均匀的附着在泡沫泡壁上,并显著提高了聚氨酯泡沫材料的抗冲击性能,当速度达到9 m/s时,纯PU的剩余载荷约为3.6 k N,STG-PU的剩余载荷仅为1.7 k N左右,剩余载荷的减少量达到了53%。     

基于有限元仿真的含中心孔层压板强度预测方法

在材料承载应力不可能超过其自身强度的原则上,假设复合材料遵循弹性-塑性等效就位力学行为,提出了一种基于线弹性有限元分析的含中心孔层压板渐进失效和强度预测的仿真方法;在仿真中对单元材料属性进行随机赋值以模拟真实材料状态,采用Hashin准则对材料失效进行判定并对失效材料按照其失效模式进行弹性常数退化;通过试验测试了5种不同铺层的玻璃/环氧复合材料带孔层压板的强度,在不单独考虑分层的条件下,含孔层压板的预测强度与试验结果吻合较好,与传统有限元预测方法相比,本方法不需要人为地确定失效材料的退化因子。     

Effects of Contact Resistance on Heat Transfer Behaviors of Fibrous Insulation

In this article, a numerical model combining conduction and radiation is developed based on two flux approximation to predict the heat transfer behavior of fibrous insulation used in thermal protection systems. Monte Carlo method is utilized to determine the modified radiative properties with experimentally measured transient external temperature as high as 1 000 K. It is found that the estimated radiative properties become time-independent after about t = 3 000 s. By comparing the predicted to the measured results in transient state, the contact resistance exerts significant influences upon the temperature distribution in the specimen. Results show that the averaged absolute deviation is 3.25% when contact resistance is neglected in heat transfer model, while 1.82% with no contact resistance.