气相燃气速度对EPDM绝热材料烧蚀的影响

为了解气相燃气速度对EPDM绝热材料烧蚀的影响,在双基推进剂环境中对EPDM绝热材料进行了烧蚀试验研究。试验排除了粒子的作用,分析了两压强下的不同燃气速度环境中EPDM绝热材料的炭化烧蚀率、炭化层的结构特征以及成分分布。试验结果表明:燃气速度对炭化烧蚀率的影响较弱,对炭化层厚度的影响明显;不同燃气速度条件下炭化层断面具有相同的结构特点和相似的成分分布趋势;低燃气速度条件下烧蚀以热解炭化为主,高燃气速度条件下炭化层的机械破坏显著。试验结果可以用于进一步研究EPDM绝热材料烧蚀机理。     

铼(Re)对定向高温合金组织与性能的影响

以第二代定向柱晶DZ9合金成分为基础,调整Re含量,通过对三种不同Re含量的定向合金的研究,探讨了Re含量的变化对定向高温合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明:加入Re可提高合金的初熔温度和γ'相的回溶温度;Re的含量显著影响合金的γ+γ'共晶相形态和γ'相的尺寸和形态;增加Re含量,可提高合金的室温拉伸强度和合金的高温持久寿命。     

一种原子氧掏蚀模型参数的校正方法

在空间原子氧效应数值模拟研究中,确定掏蚀模型各参数是保证计算结果正确性的重要工作。文章对Banks原子氧掏蚀模型的各参数的作用进行了分析,基于掏蚀过程中的相似律分析给出了数值模拟和试验数据相结合以确定该模型参数的方法。文章还提出材料的原子氧理论侵蚀当量的概念,并使用数值模拟方法与试验数据计算了一种碳纤维环氧复合材料的原子氧理论侵蚀当量。应用该特征量可以建立数值模拟结果和试验结果之间的准确关系。     

Linear Shaped Charge Cutting Property and Charge Cutting Mechanism of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn Alloy

The linear shaped charge cutting technology is an effective technology for aircraft separation. It can separate invalid components from aircrafts timely to achieve light-weight. Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal material, and can be used to cast effective light-weight components of an aircraft construction. However, the application study of the linear shaped charge cutting technology on magnesium alloy components is basically blank. In response to the demand for the linear separation of magnesium alloys, the Mg-12Gd-0.5Y-0.4Zn alloy is selected to carry out the target shaped charge cutting test. The effects of the shaped charge line density, cutting thickness, and mechanical properties on the cutting performance of the alloy are studied. The shaped charge cutting mechanism is analyzed through the notch structure. The results show that the linear shaped charge cutting performance is significantly affected by the penetration and the collapse. The higher the linear density is, the stronger the ability of the linear shaped charge cutter is, and the greater the penetration depth is, which is advantageous. However, the target structure will be damaged when it is too large (e.g., 4.5 g?m-1). Within 12 mm, when the cutting thickness of the target increases, the penetration depth increases. The lower the tensile strength is, the greater the penetration depth is, and the more conducive the penetration depth to the shaped charge cutting is. When the elongation (EL) increases to 12%, the collapse of the target is incomplete and the target cannot be separated. When the tensile strength of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy is less than 350 MPa, the EL is less than 6.5%, the cutting thickness is less than 12 mm, and the linear shaped charge cutting of the magnesium alloy can be achieved stably.     

改性环氧树脂的低温力学性能研究进展

近年来,随着国防、航天、大型低温工程(EAST和ITER等)和应用超导等高科技领域的迅猛发展,环氧树脂在低温下的应用愈来愈广泛.本文主要从改性环氧树脂的拉伸强度和冲击韧性两方面,对其低温下的力学性能研究进展进行论述.研究显示,柔性改性和纳米填料改性都可以提高其低温力学性能(拉伸强度和冲击韧性),相关研究工作为改性环氧树脂在低温环境下的应用提供了依据.     

模块化月球表层采样力学模型

因不受作业空间的限制，月球表层采样机具设计形式多样，为建模分析带来较大难度。为避免不同结构机具分析时重复建模，建立了一种模块化的月球表层采样力学模型。该模型将复杂的采样机具拆分成若干个基本面单元，基于朗肯土压力理论、最大抗剪强度理论和地基极限承载力理论对面单元在采样过程中的受力进行分析，组合各个面单元所受到的力获得复杂机具的力学模型。基于不同机具形式与贯入角度的模拟月壤贯入试验，对理论模型进行了试验验证，通过引入月壤密度沿深度的影响修正公式，将理论模型的误差率降低至8.2%。结果证明该力学模型和模块化理论可行，为后期月球表层采样机具的设计研发提供了参考。     

摆动焊接对异种热处理状态2219铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

针对2219异种热处理状态C1OS+CYS铝合金进行钨极氩弧焊接试验,对比研究了常规焊接与摆动焊接接头的力学性能、微观组织、硬度分布等.分析结果表明,相较常规接头,采用摆动焊接工艺的接头其力学性能有所提高,同时接头中下部PMZ、OAZ的硬度有所下降,宽度范围有所增加.应变分布结果表明,断裂前常规接头最大应变沿对角线分布...     

Effect of Isothermal Forging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr Alloy

Aiming at the problems of poor plastic forming ability， narrow forging temperature range， and strain rate sensitivity of rare earth magnesium alloys， a study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy with different isothermal forging processes is carried out. The microstructure and properties of the alloy in the as-cast， isothermal forged， and post-aging states after forging are studied with optical microscope (OM)， scanning electron microscope (SEM)， and tensile testing. The results show that significant dynamic recrystallization occurs during the isothermal forging process， a fine equiaxed grain structure is formed， and the mechanical properties of the alloy are greatly improved. When the isothermal forging temperature is 460 ºC and the strain rate is 0.02 s－1， the alloy structure performance is the best， the room temperature tensile yield strength (TYS) is 218 MPa， the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is 299 MPa， and the fracture elongation (FE) is 19.2%. When the alloy is post-forging artificial aged， the α-Mg matrix is dispersed， the Mg5(Gd，Y) phase is precipitated， the UTS of the alloy is increased to 392 MPa， and the FE is reduced to 12.0%.