某型涡轮螺桨发动机转子偏磨故障分析

 某型涡轮螺桨发动机曾发生过多起转子偏磨故障,工厂对此作过许多分析,本文在其基础上再对该项故障的原因和机理结合实际地作了进一步的比较、分析和论证,提出了排故措施。效果显著。     

直升机着舰起落架动态响应

舰载直升机着舰过程复杂。与地面降落相比,舰面的不稳定气流使得直升机姿态难以保持,下降的速度更大,且由于直升机通常都是单轮着舰,导致起落架载荷很大。为了研究直升机在不同条件下着舰时起落架的动态响应,建立了机体/起落架/舰船耦合模型,将着舰过程中直升机的运动和舰船的运动联系起来,通过仿真计算得出起落架的动态响应。仿真计算结果表明:直升机着舰质量越大,起落架压缩量和载荷越大;直升机低头着舰会导致前起落架载荷显著增大;直升机着舰下沉速度过大会导致着舰载荷急剧增大,可能会对结构造成破坏。     

水陆两栖飞机内吹式襟翼优化设计

为改善某型水陆两栖飞机的起降性能,提高其抗浪能力,需设计高性能吹气襟翼以满足其性能要求。本文在国内外已有的吹气襟翼研究基础上,结合飞机气动综合优化设计框架及计算流体力学(CFD)的优势,以设计出高气动效率及工程实用性的内吹式襟翼方案作为设计目标,对内吹式襟翼的基本形式、吹气缝道位置及喷缝参数等进行综合优化设计,最终通过风洞试验来验证优化设计方案的有效性。从分析及验证结果来看,通过本优化设计方法所设计的内吹式襟翼,能在使用相同吹气动量系数的条件下,明显推迟襟翼上的气流分离,实现最大升力系数20%左右的提升,显著提升了内吹式襟翼的气动效率,为进一步实现内吹式襟翼的工程应用奠定了基础。     

Numerical analysis for impacts of nozzle end-clearances on aerodynamic performance and forced response in a VNT turbine

It has been well known that nozzle end-clearances in a Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT) are unfavorable for aerodynamic performance, especially at small openings, and efforts to further decrease size of the clearances are very hard due to thermal expansion. In this paper, both the different sizes of nozzle end-clearances and the various ratios of their distribution at the hub and shroud sides were modelled and investigated by performing 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations with a code of transferring the aerodynamic pressure from the CFD results to the FEA calculations. It was found that increasing the size of the nozzle end-clearances divided equally at the hub and shroud sides deteriorates turbine efficiency and turbine wheel reliability, yet increases turbine flow capacity. And, when the total nozzle end-clearances remain the same, varying nozzle end-clearances’ distribution at the hub and shroud sides not only shifts operation point of a VNT turbine, but also affects the turbine wheel vibration stress. Compared with nozzle hub clearance, the shroud clearance is more sensitive to both aerodynamic performance and reliability of a VNT turbine. Consequently, a possibility is put forward to improve VNT turbine efficiency meanwhile decrease vibration stress by optimizing nozzle end-clearances’ distribution.     

低空风切变系统建模及其对直升机飞行安全威胁定性分析

系统地建立了含湍流的三维低空风切变模型，并综合分析了其对直升机飞行安全的威胁。建立了微下击暴流风场及大气湍流场组合的风切变模型，在不增加计算量的前提下，选取特征点发展直升机飞行动力学模型，有效捕捉了风切变的切变特性，提高了在风场中的动态响应计算精度。模型配备姿态保持功能的控制增稳系统已符合一般直升机的飞行状态，并改善机体响应。根据风速分布的特点，选取不同飞行速度、不同风场位置进行飞行仿真，定性地对比分析状态量变化与风场对应关系，并且以垂向通道为例，从动力学角度分析验证了响应的理论计算表达式。结果表明：湍流主要导致高频姿态角响应，风切变对飞行状态量变化占主导作用，且垂向风是引起威胁的主要因素，据此提出危险风场规避建议。     

Assessment of improvement of the IRI model over Ethiopia for the modeling of the variability of TEC during the period 2013–2016

This paper discusses the monthly and seasonal variation of the total electron content (TEC) and the improvement of performance of the IRI model in estimating TEC over Ethiopia during the solar maximum (2013–2016) phase employing as reference the GPS derived TEC data inferred from four GPS receivers installed in different regions of Ethiopia; Assosa (geog 10.05°N, 34.55°E, Geom. 7.01°N), Ambo (8.97°N, 37.86°E, Geom. 5.42°N), Nazret (8.57°N, 39.29°E, Geom. 4.81°N) and Arba Minch (6.06°N, 37.56°E, Geom. 2.62°N). The results reveal that, in the years 2013–2016, the highest peak GPS-derived diurnal VTEC is observed in the March equinox in 2015 over Arba Minch station. Moreover, both the arithmetic mean GPS-derived and modelled VTEC values, generally, show maximum and minimum values in the equinoctial and June solstice months, respectively in 2014–2015. However, in 2013, the minimum and maximum arithmetic mean GPS-derived values are observed in the March equinox and December solstice, respectively. The results also show that, even though overestimation of the modelled VTEC has been observed on most of the hours, all versions of the model are generally good to estimate both the monthly and seasonal diurnal hourly VTEC values, especially in the early morning hours (00:00–03:00?UT or 03:00–06:00?LT). However, it has also been shown that the IRI 2007 and IRI 2012 versions generally perform best in matching the diurnal GPS derived TEC values as compared to that of the IRI 2016 version. In addition, the IRI 2012 version with IRI2001 option for the topside electron density shows the highest overestimation of the VTEC as compared to the other options. None of the versions of the IRI model are proved to be able to capture the effects of geomagnetic storms.     

风速对电容式湿度传感器测量值和响应时间影响的研究

研究了风速对电容式湿度传感器最终测量值和响应时间的影响,并分析了产生影响的机理;根据测量数据拟合出了电容式湿度传感器的响应时间和风速之间的函数关系。     

机载计算机安装架的强度计算

:叙述用有限元计算方法对特定的机载计算机安装架进行结构强度计算 ,内容包括静强度计算、结构自由振动分析和波形为后峰锯齿波的冲击载荷作用下的冲击响应分析。计算结果对安装架的设计具有重要的指导意义。     

检波器谐振频率数学模型及其频响误差的修正

峰值检波器的频响误差在高频段主要是由分布参数产生的高频谐振误差。本文利用实测数据建立了检波器谐振频率数学模型，根据模型的预测值对检波器和了频响误差修正。计量检定表明修正后的频响误差大大减小。     

一种实现飞行品质参数实时辨识的实用方法

考虑到辨识算法收敛的可靠性及结果的精度，采用递推最小二乘估计、飞机运动模态连续－离散模型相互转换及递推极大似然估计，实现飞行品质参数的实时辨识。这种方法的优点在于算法的吸收域是全平面的。初值不影响算法的收敛性，能很好地满足实时性要求，同时还保证了结果精度。利用该方法对某型飞机铁鸟台实测数据进行了处理，取得了满意的结果。