基于连接点的机载双天线InSAR系统相位偏置估计算法

针对在茂密森林或沙漠地区部署地面控制点(GCP)对其进行测量非常困难的问题,提出了一种基于连接点的机载双天线InSAR系统相位偏置估计新算法。基于InSAR原理建立地面高程反演的几何表达式,并根据重叠区域里的连接点高程在两次干涉测高过程中不变的特性建立相位偏置间的线性关系,在用最小二乘法求解相位偏置时,通过对不同的连接点进行加权,使估计出的相位偏置更加准确。对X波段机载双天线InSAR系统获得的实际数据进行处理,结果表明:与传统的算法相比,该算法无需GCP,具有更低的成本和更高的效率,且产生的数字高程模型(DEM)具有相似的精度。     

Primary mass discrimination of high energy cosmic rays using PNN and k-NN methods

Probabilistic neural network (PNN) and k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) methods are widely used data classification techniques. In this paper, these two methods have been used to classify the Extensive Air Shower (EAS) data sets which were simulated using the CORSIKA code for three primary cosmic rays. The primaries are proton, oxygen and iron nuclei at energies of 100?TeV–10?PeV. This study is performed in the following of the investigations into the primary cosmic ray mass sensitive observables. We propose a new approach for measuring the mass sensitive observables of EAS in order to improve the primary mass separation. In this work, the EAS observables measurement has performed locally instead of total measurements. Also the relationships between the included number of observables in the classification methods and the prediction accuracy have been investigated. We have shown that the local measurements and inclusion of more mass sensitive observables in the classification processes can improve the classifying quality and also we have shown that muons and electrons energy density can be considered as primary mass sensitive observables in primary mass classification. Also it must be noted that this study is performed for Tehran observation level without considering the details of any certain EAS detection array.     

多波段光谱辐亮度计量值溯源技术研究

光谱辐亮度计是实现空间遥感仪器在地面实验室内进行高精度光谱定标的关键设备之一，本文基于标准探测器的辐亮度传递原理，利用视场光阑、孔径光阑、窄带滤光片和光电二极管研制了10测量通道的遮光筒式多波段光谱辐亮度计，测量波长分布在（400~1 100）nm范围。具有校准通道，与积分球单色光源匹配使用，实现光谱辐亮度的量值溯源，测量不确定度优于2.2%。     

Drag and energy accommodation coefficients during sunspot maximum

Conditions appropriate to gas-surface interactions on satellite surfaces in orbit have not been successfully duplicated in the laboratory. However, measurements by pressure gauges and mass spectrometers in orbit have revealed enough of the basic physical chemistry that realistic theoretical models of the gas-surface interaction can now be used to calculate physical drag coefficients. The dependence of these drag coefficients on conditions in space can be inferred by comparing the physical drag coefficient of a satellite with a drag coefficient fitted to its observed orbital decay. This study takes advantage of recent data on spheres and attitude stabilized satellites to compare physical drag coefficients with the histories of the orbital decay of several satellites during the recent sunspot maximum. The orbital decay was obtained by fitting, in a least squares sense, the semi-major axis decay inferred from the historical two-line elements acquired by the US Space Surveillance Network. All the principal orbital perturbations were included, namely geopotential harmonics up to the 16th degree and order, third body attraction of the Moon and the Sun, direct solar radiation pressure (with eclipses), and aerodynamic drag, using the Jacchia-Bowman 2006 (JB2006) model to describe the atmospheric density. After adjusting for density model bias, a comparison of the fitted drag coefficient with the physical drag coefficient has yielded values for the energy accommodation coefficient as well as for the physical drag coefficient as a function of altitude during solar maximum conditions. The results are consistent with the altitude and solar cycle variation of atomic oxygen, which is known to be adsorbed on satellite surfaces, affecting both the energy accommodation and angular distribution of the reemitted molecules.     

OFDM系统定时偏差补偿算法

为了消除正交频分复用(OFDM,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)符号定时偏差对信道估计的影响,提出了一种补偿算法.理论分析表明相移可以被看作是信道统计特性的变化,并且在使用线性插值的信道估计方法时估计误差会扩大.该算法利用符号定时偏差会引起子载波相位旋转的特点,对信道估计进行补偿.仿真结果表明,在多径信道下,在信噪比为20 dB定时位置位于循环前缀中点时,使用该算法后信道估计均方误差是通常线性插值算法的25%,因此新算法缩小了信道估计均方误差.实验结果表明,该算法提高了接收机的性能.     

基于单目视觉的空间非合作目标相对运动参数估计

提出了一种估计空间非合作目标相对运动参数的单目视觉方法,该方法将相对运动参数估计问题描述为一个非线性约束优化问题．通过迭代求解特征值问题来确定基本矩阵,将基本矩阵分解可得到相对运动参数的4个可能解,给出了消除旋转矩阵多义解的简单判断准则．数值仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性．     

多航天器编队在轨自主协同控制研究

提出一种基于信息一致性的分布式协同控制策略,该策略可自主实现多航天器编队 的 构型建立、保持与整体机动。在该策略中,编队内各航天器均具有局部的分层控制结构：参 考点一致性估计层根据各航天器初始状态与编队内信息拓扑,协商估计出多航天器编队整体 系统基准参考点;协同制导层根据编队整体系统模型预测控制方程,采用并行计算方式,规 划各航天器从初始状态到期望构型的期望重构机动路径;协同控制层采用基于二阶一致性算 法的协同反馈控制律,使各航天器彼此协同地跟踪期望路径和整体机动参考信息。仿真结果 表明:当信息拓扑中存在最大生成树时,该策略能够实现多航天器编队构型建立、保持与整 体机动的协同控制,并具有较好鲁棒性。〖JP〗     

基于相关匹配的弹道中段目标章动角估计

章动角是弹道中段目标的重要进动特征,可用于识别弹头和诱饵。首先提出了基于相关匹配的章动角估计方法,将观测的目标雷达截面积（RCS）序列与不同参数下的RCS序列模板进行相关匹配,搜索匹配函数的最大值,从而得到章动角的估计值。然后给出了具体的实现算法,将初始时刻的采样间隔设置为脉冲重复周期（PRI）的整数倍或1/K（K为整数,且K≥2）,在此基础上减少了匹配函数的计算量,并且可通过单层或多层相关匹配来估计章动角。仿真结果表明,由于RCS测量存在系统误差,相关匹配的章动角估计性能远优于最小二乘匹配。同时分析了全姿态RCS数据的角度采样间隔对相关匹配估计性能的影响。最后比较了多层相关匹配和单层相关匹配的估计性能和计算量。     

微弱GPS信号精捕获算法

为了解决微弱GPS信号比特/二次编码（Neumann\|Hoffman码）的同步以及频偏精细估计等问题,本文提出了对相关器输出数据进行精捕获的算法。通过对相关器输出数据进行二次变频,对不同频点的信号进行比特/二次编码位置的搜索,从而实现弱信号条件下比特/NH码的同步以及频偏的精捕获。精捕获后,使用频偏补偿后的数据进行频偏的再次精细估计。经过理论推导和仿真验证,在C/N0不低于20dB/Hz时,用1299个相关器输出数据进行精捕获时就有95%以上的检测概率,说明本方法适用于微弱GPS信号条件下比特/NH码的同步和频偏精细估计问题。
     

动力学补偿受控卫星轨道确定算法(英文)

受控卫星动力学模型中推力加速度的量级远远高于其他摄动的误差量级,观测量主要反映受控卫星动力学模型的误差。本文以跟踪和精确定位空间机动目标为目的,给出基于地面雷达观测,实时估计推力加速度,修正卫星动力学模型的轨道确定算法。通过建立连续推力控制过程变质量动力学模型,给出常推力变加速度满足的运动学微分方程; 建立变加速度估计系统状态方程,和扩展卡尔曼滤波轨道确定算法; 并给出连续推力控制卫星运动状态关于推力加速度的变分运动方程; 实际飞行控制应用表明: 利用地面测量数据,实时估计推力加速度并补偿系统动力学模型,解决了连续受控卫星轨道精确确定问题。