卫星ATM网络中自适应FEC情况下的有效带宽估计

针对采用自适应前向差错控制（AFEC）的卫星异步传递模式（ATM）网络，研究了两种有效带宽估计方法。由于AFEC码率的动态特性使业务实际的传输速率具有不固定性，因此估计有效带宽时要考虑AFEC的影响。首先针对一般卫星时变信道和多码率AFEC情况下的卫星ATM，应用流体近似方法分析了有效带宽的计算，然而该方法要求的条件及计算复杂度均比较高，应用中有局限性。以此方法为基础，提出了采用修正因子的估计方法。数值结果表明采用修正因子的有效带宽估计方法比较简单可靠，适用面较广。     

大圆距离及大圆航向的计算

在飞机选型中对各机型进行性能分析、经济性评估或编制飞行计划软件时,常需要根据航段两端点的经纬度坐标计算该航段的大圆距离及航向,在沿大圆航线飞行时也需要知道航路上各点的真航向及磁航向。本文用矢量方法导出了根据起止点的经纬度坐标计算该航段大圆距离及大圆航向的公式以及沿大圆航线飞行时根据给定点的经度计算其纬度和真航向的公式,并且用算例做了验证,结果表明这些公式是正确的。     

圆柱度误差最小区域评定方法述评

本文简介圆柱度误差评定的常用数学模型，并对用最小区域法评定圆柱度误差的几种近似方法及其优缺点展开讨论。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming (ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables (i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) on the forming process (e.g. surface roughness, forming force and geometric error) are investigated through a systematic experimental approach of central composite design (CCD) in two-point incremental sheet forming (TPIF). It is obtained that the increase in thickness of interpolators decreases the surface roughness in direction vertical to the tool path while increases the surface roughness in direction horizontal to the tool path. Nevertheless, the combined influence between thickness of interpolators and process parameters (tool diameter and step size) is limited. Meanwhile, the placement of interpolator has little influence on the effective forming force of blank. In addition, the geometric error enlarges with the increase of step size and thickness of interpolator while decreases firstly and then increase with an increase in tool diameter. Finally, the influencing mechanism of the interpolator method on surface quality can be attributed to the decrease of the contact pressure due to the increase of contact area with the unchanged contact force. Meanwhile, the interpolator method eliminates the sliding friction on the surface of blank due to the stable relative position between the blank and the interpolator.     

How do interplanetary shock impact angles control the size of the geoeffective magnetosphere?

In this paper, we investigate temporal and spatial magnetosphere response to the impact of interplanetary (IP) shocks with different inclinations and speeds on the Earth’s magnetosphere. A data set with more than 500 IP shocks is used to identify positive sudden impulse (SI⁺) events as expressed by the SuperMAG partial ring current index. The SI⁺ rise time (RT), defined as the time interval between compression onset and maximum SI⁺ signature, is obtained for each event. We use RT and a model suggested by Takeuchi et al. (2002) to calculate the geoeffective magnetospheric distance (GMD) in the shock propagation direction as a function of shock impact angle and speed for each event. GMD is a generalization of the geoeffective magnetosphere length (GML) suggested by Takeuchi et al. (2002), defined from the subsolar point along the X line toward the tail. We estimate statistical GMD and GML values which are then reported for the first time. We also show that, similarly to well-known results for RT, the highest correlation coefficient for the GMD and impact angle is found for shocks with high speeds and small impact angles, and the faster and more frontal the shock, the smaller the GMD. This result indicates that the magnetospheric response depends heavily on shock impact angle. With these results, we argue that the prediction and forecasting of space weather events, such as those caused by coronal mass ejections, will not be accurately accomplished if the disturbances’ angles of impact are not considered as an important parameter within model and observation scheme capabilities.     

基于 Kriging与多点取样算法的压气机特性建模

针对航空燃气轮机流量系数插值建模过程中,获取样本数据时的实验成本较高以及插值模型精度偏低这 2个问题,根据样本点在设计空间中的分布与模型精度的关系,在 Kriging插值模型的基础上,采用把垂距作为设计变量取值标准的取样算法。首先,将样本点与相邻 2点之间连线的垂距与垂距阈值进行比较,筛选出符合条件的数据点,形成候选点集;其次,选用高斯函数判定基础点集和候选点集的相关性;最后,使用该算法筛选后的样本点构建 Kriging插值模型。实验结果表明,该方法使用的样本点为原来数量的 70%左右,并且预测精度得到了提高,该方法是有效可行的。     

Plane wave spectrum and boresight error of radome-enclosed antennas

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线性分组码限距离译码器的性能分析

为了提高自动重传请求(ARQ)系统的通过率,在混合ARQ系统中,使用限距离译码器改善系统的性能。在限距离译码时,线性分组码纠正重量t的错误图样。纯纠错译码器和纯检错译码器都是限距离译码器的特例。本文首先介绍了Krautchouk多项式的几个重要性质,然后,用线性分组码及其对偶码的重量分布,分别导出了两种形式的错误译码概率的简化计算公式。由于生成函数方法的使用,成功地得到了重复码、汉明码和扩展汉明码的错误译码概率的解析公式,最后,讨论了Golay码和某些本原BCH码错误译码概率的计算方法。     

飞行系统中人的可靠性评估

人的可靠性是个非常活跃的研究领域。本文从航空事件的历史数据出发,论证了飞行系统中人员失误率评估的重要性和迫切性。综述了近年来国内外人的可靠性分析的方法和模型,它们是HCR,CSE,NRC,TESEO,SLIM和灰色模型;评述了各种模型的适用条件及优劣,特别是文中提出的灰色模型将是人员失误率评估中最为有效的方法。同时也为飞行系统的系统配置、座舱资源管理等提出了新的设计考虑因素。     

两星一地时差定位方法性能分析

针对同轨多星定位系统以及高低轨联合定位系统需要卫星数量多的特点,设想地面站和卫星联合定位体制。考虑到时差定位体制对卫星运动不敏感的特征,提出一星三地和两星一地2种定位体制,从定位场景、定位原理、理论定位误差和误差分布4个方面对定位效能分析。重点论述了两星一地时差定位误差的地理分布、时间分布以及受高度的影响,对将来的工程化应用提供支撑。