供热系统集约化运行的能耗监测及节能调节问题探讨

对我校供热系统的现状进行了分析；指出了锅炉热效率及能耗监控方面的不足，并针对锅炉热效率提高和二次网循环泵变频调节进行了节能分析计算；同时根据我校实际情况对循环泵设备配置及控制进行了分析，提出了要加强技术指标量化考核和能耗监测，提高效率、节能降耗，实现供热系统的科学化、集约化运行。     

ENERGY-SAVING MATCHING STRATEGY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PUMPING SYSTEM FOR TRUCK-MOUNTED CONCRETE PUMP

Aiming at the high fuel consumption and use-cost of truck-mounted concrete pump , an energy-saving matching strategy of pumping system is presented and the experimental study is conducted.Since pumping system occupies most resources of engine , the matching strategy between engine and main pump is analyzed to meet the load demand and reduce the engine rational speed drop.The testing method is established to measure the fuel consumption of engine under various working conditions , and the experimental data are analyzed to find the law of the fuel consumption of engine.The system performance can be improved by adjusting the system input value.Finally , the energy-saving matching strategy is established to reduce the fuel consumption of truck for unit workload , which provides a new approach for the energy-saving of truck-mounted concrete pump.     

磁流体湍流中的结构和能量传输

磁流体湍流中存在多种相干结构,包括电流和涡旋结构。文章主要对近几年有关磁流体湍流相干结构及其相关的能量传输的一些工作进行了介绍。不同于中性流体湍流中的管状结构,磁流体中的相干结构多呈现为片状,强电流片附近也存在强涡片结构。磁流体湍流中的能量级串使能量跨尺度从大尺度传递至小尺度;与中性流体湍流能量传输主要集中在相近尺度上不同,磁流体湍流除了动能传输,还有磁能传输,以及动能与磁能之间的跨尺度互相转换。研究表明,磁流体湍流中的能量传输及耗散具有强间歇性,集中在较小区域范围,且与相干结构存在关联。在存在背景磁场的情况下,磁流体湍流中的相干结构在背景磁场方向上被拉长,而同样方向上的能量传输受到抑制。在高马赫数的情况下,激波的产生会使能量传输明显增强,同时带来很强的间歇性,结构函数标度律远远偏离线性标度关系,并且随着阶数的增加,标度指数会达到饱和值。     

活塞式航空煤油发动机冷启动性能试验

针对启喷转速、燃油温度、点火能量等影响因素,在一台排量650 mL的单缸试验机上,开展了对航空煤油发动机冷启动性能的试验研究。结果表明:随着启喷转速的提高,启动时间呈现先变短后变长的趋势,启喷转速为1 200 r/min时启动时间最短;燃油温度的提高对冷启动性能和燃烧特性都有提升,在本文试验条件下,燃油温度为50 ℃时即可成功启动;提升点火能量对火核形成和火焰传播都有积极影响,可显著缩短启动时间,但当点火能量增大到75 mJ之后,其改善作用已不明显。     

脉冲爆震燃烧室出口燃气能量分布特性

为了提高脉冲爆震燃烧室出口燃气能量转换效率,采用数值计算方法,研究了带气动阀和爆震增强结构的脉冲爆震燃烧室出口燃气能量分布特性,结果表明:脉冲爆震燃气的膨胀过程先后经历一次膨胀、二次膨胀和过度膨胀3个阶段,单个周期内二次膨胀阶段的时间和能量占比最大;燃烧室出口燃气压力势能、动能、内能和能流密度的分布主要受燃气压力的影响,且变化规律与燃气压力一致;一次膨胀阶段燃气增加的压力势能、动能、内能分别占单个周期的479%、259%、251%;二次膨胀阶段燃气增加的压力势能、动能、内能分别占单个周期的502%、576%、581%。     

脚尖数据的研究及其分析

大部分步态研究者将注意力投入到臀部和膝盖关节的角度变化所形成的步态特征,脚的步态特征关注还较少。针对这个问题深入研究了脚的一些特征,提取了脚尖数据进行分析,并对脚尖的坐标进行变换得到时域、频域及其他信息,在中科院数据库NLPR上进行试验和研究,表明脚尖的数据可以较好的区分男女性,甚至是不同的个体。脚尖数据的表示包含了较多的属性信息,有利于步态识别的进一步研究。     

地源热泵技术在建筑节能中的应用

本文探讨如何通过地源热泵技术实现建筑节能。研究通过地源热泵来实现一机多用,使其既能用于冬季供暖,又可以用于夏季制冷。同时也讨论了如何与太阳能相配合,来实现地热平衡。文中还给出了通过插值法和曲线拟合法对测量数据进行处理获得变温带和增温带的温度-深度曲线的方法。     

On the origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays

The origin of cosmic rays with energy E ? 10¹⁸ eV is a long-standing problem in astrophysics. The development of ever larger detectors has brought in key experimental results in the past decade, most particularly the detection of a cut-off at the expected position for the long sought Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin suppression as well as evidence for large scale anisotropies. This paper summarizes and discusses the recent achievements in this field.     

国际空间太阳能电站的技术进展

综述了当前国际空间太阳能电站技术的研究进展与发展趋势。重点介绍了空间太阳能电站系统方案新构思“太阳塔”和“太阳盘”的特点；介绍了空间太阳能电站的主要相关技术———无线电能传输技术、太阳能转换技术和空间运输技术等的发展趋势；最后简要介绍了月球电站的进展情况。     

Grinding performance evaluation of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels for Inconel 718

For high-efficiency grinding of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and nickel alloys, a high porosity is expected and also a sufficient mechanical strength to satisfy the function.However, the porosity increase is a disadvantage to the mechanical strength. As a promising pore forming agent, alumina bubbles are firstly induced into the abrasive layer to fabricate porous cubic boron nitride（CBN） wheels. When the wheel porosity reaches 45%, the bending strength is still high up to 50 MPa with modified orderly pore distribution. A porous CBN wheel was fabricated with a total porosity around 30%. The grinding performance of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel was evaluated in terms of specific force, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature, which were better than those of the vitrified one under the same grinding conditions. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, clear straight cutting grooves and less chip adhesion are observed on the ground surface and there is also no extensive loading on the wheel surface after grinding.