What is the role of magnetic null points in large flares?

We have performed the analysis of the magnetic topology of active region NOAA 10486 before two large flares occurring on October 26 and 28, 2003. The 3D extrapolation of the photospheric magnetic field shows the existence of magnetic null points when using two different methods. We use TRACE 1600 Å and 195 Å brightenings as tracers of the energy release due to magnetic reconnections. We conclude on the three following points:

1. The small events observed before the flares are related to low lying null points. They are long lasting and associated with low energy release. They are not triggering the large flares.

2. On October 26, a high altitude null point is found. We look for bright patches that could correspond to the signatures of coronal reconnection at the null point in TRACE 1600 Å images. However, such bright patches are not observed before the main flare, they are only observed after it.

3. On October 28, four ribbons are observed in TRACE images before the X17 flare. We interpret them as due to a magnetic breakout reconnection in a quadrupolar configuration. There is no magnetic null point related to these four ribbons, and this reconnection rather occurs at quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs).

We conclude that the existence of a null point in the corona is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition to give rise to large flares.     

碳纤维/环氧复合材料的原子氧剥蚀效应试验研究

碳纤维/环氧树脂用在空间飞行器上时,面临着空间环境中各种因素特别是原子氧效应的影响,因而在地面模拟设备中对这种材料进行了原子氧剥蚀效应试验研究,并且考察了温度变化的影响.通过比较试验前后试样的质量及表面形貌,得出了材料在设备中的反应特点以及温度变化对材料原子氧效应的影响规律.同时,还对设备中存在的离子氧在材料的质量损失中所起到的作用进行了定性的研究.     

Influence of Fast Global Variations of Solar Magnetic Fields on Space Weather in Cycle 23

It is established that the large-scale and global magnetic fields in the Sun's atmosphere do not change smoothly, and long-lasting periods of gradual variations are superseded by fast structural changes of the global magnetic field. Periods of fast global changes on the Sun are accompanied by anomalous manifestations in the interplanetary space and in the geomagnetic field. There is a regular recurrence of these periods in each cycle of solar activity, and the periods are characterized by enhanced flaring activity that reflects fast changes in magnetic structures. Is demonstrated, that the fast changes have essential influencing on a condition of space weather, as most strong geophysical disturbances are connected to sporadic phenomena on the Sun. An explanation has been offered for the origin of anomalous geomagnetic disturbances that are unidentifiable in traditionally used solar activity indices. Is shown, main physical mechanism that leads to fast variations of the magnetic fields in the Sun's atmosphere is the reconnection process.     

分子筛氧浓缩器的串联混合池计算模型

把吸附床看作由n个等体积的混合池串联而成,可将筛床的控制方程转化为容易求解的常微分方程,考虑了筛床内压力的变化以及吸附热引起的亨利系数的变化等因素.在此基础上,建立了机载分子筛氧浓缩器的非等温吸附数学模型,并对其在不同条件下的工作过程进行了模拟分析.模拟结果与文献结果一致,反映了温度对系统性能的影响.     

RCD箝位正激变换器的分析研究

正激变换器因电路简单而广泛应用于中小功率变换场合。但是它的一个固有缺陷是功率晶体管截止期间变压器必须磁复位，因而需要采用附加的复位电路。本文详细介绍了ＲＣＤ箝位正激变换器的工作原理，给出了ＲＣＤ箝位网络的设计准则和步骤。实验结果证实了理论分析的正确性。     

由溶胶-凝胶法制备的La2NiO4+δ支撑透氧膜

采用配合物溶胶－凝胶法制备了具有透氧性能的类钙钛矿结构La2NiO4 δ材料，XRD实验表明为单一相，讨论了控制溶胶－凝胶过程的条件，成功地制得了均匀澄清的稳定溶胶和稳定凝胶，采用Al2O3多孔陶瓷为支撑体，用上述溶胶制备了支撑致密透氧膜，结果表明在孔径为0．2μm的多孔Al2O3陶瓷片上制备的支撑膜比较理想，膜的厚度约为35um，透氧实验结果表明，该支撑膜比传统方法制备的同种材料无支撑膜有更好的透氧性能，由于膜内部的离子传输过程是制约透氧通量的主要因素之一，而支撑膜的厚度远小于无支撑膜，较薄的膜减少了离子在固相中的传输距离，有助于加快这一传输过程，从而可获得较高的透氧通量。     

磁悬挂天平的数字控制技术(磁悬挂天平技术研究之三)

本文研究磁悬挂天平的数字控制技术。在 φ60mm 单分力天平装置上,配置了以8031单片计算机为核心的控制系统,不仅实现了飞行器模型的稳定悬挂,而且在外力作用下模型悬挂点保持不变。反馈控制律的设计分三步进行:首先对电磁铁特性进行补偿,使其阶次降低,简化后续的设计工作;然后采用比例微分控制达到系统的稳定最后在系统稳定的基础上,设计了位置积分环节,使系统在常值外力作用吋,能实现模型的悬挂点不发生偏离。这种三段设计法在实验调试时具有实用意义。文中具体介绍了控制系统的实现技术,包括 PWM 功率放大器,单片机硬件和软件。     

用假想磁荷模型计算三维静磁场的解耦问题

本文提出了用假想磁荷模型计算三维静磁场的解耦概念和实施方法,较好地解决了假想磁荷模型中的磁位跃变边界问题。通过实例计算,证明了该概念和方法的正确性。     

ENTROPY CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGNETIC REFRIGERANTS

ＥＮＴＲＯＰＹＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＲＥＦＲＩＧＥＲＡＮＴＳ￥ＹｏｕＬｉｘｉｎ；ＧｕｏＸｉａｎｍｉｎｇ；ＸｕＳｈｅｆａ（ＤｅｎａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｉｒｃｒａｆｔＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ．ＮＵＡＡ，２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅｔ．...     

磁悬挂天平系统的磁场分析与计算(60mm×60mm 磁悬挂天平技术研究之一)

磁悬挂天平系统的磁场设计好坏是磁悬挂天平系统结构设计成败的关键。而磁悬挂天平系统的磁场结构比较复杂,用简单的磁路设计方法已经不能满足更高的设计要求。本文介绍了一种求解电磁场的方法——二维电磁场有限元法,建立了相应的磁悬挂天平系统的数学模型,并应用此法,对磁悬挂天平的均匀磁场和梯度磁场分布进行了分析计算;提出了一种用于求解磁场开域问题的方法。文章中还介绍了根据磁场的计算结果来确定线圈间间距和铁芯厚度的方法。在此基础上,提出了一个60mm×60mm 的磁悬挂天平系统的设计方案,并给出了此设计方案的理论计算与实验结果的对比表。