Fuzzy adaptive tracking control within the full envelope for an unmanned aerial vehicle

Motivated by the autopilot of an unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） with a wide flight envelope span experiencing large parametric variations in the presence of uncertainties, a fuzzy adaptive tracking controller（FATC） is proposed. The controller consists of a fuzzy baseline controller and an adaptive increment, and the main highlight is that the fuzzy baseline controller and adaptation laws are both based on the fuzzy multiple Lyapunov function approach, which helps to reduce the conservatism for the large envelope and guarantees satisfactory tracking performances with strong robustness simultaneously within the whole envelope. The constraint condition of the fuzzy baseline controller is provided in the form of linear matrix inequality（LMI）, and it specifies the satisfactory tracking performances in the absence of uncertainties. The adaptive increment ensures the uniformly ultimately bounded（UUB） predication errors to recover satisfactory responses in the presence of uncertainties. Simulation results show that the proposed controller helps to achieve high-accuracy tracking of airspeed and altitude desirable commands with strong robustness to uncertainties throughout the entire flight envelope.     

Fuzzy adaptive robust control for space robot considering the effect of the gravity

Space robot is assembled and tested in gravity environment, and completes on-orbit service（OOS） in microgravity environment. The kinematic and dynamic characteristic of the robot will change with the variations of gravity in different working condition. Fully considering the change of kinematic and dynamic models caused by the change of gravity environment, a fuzzy adaptive robust control（FARC） strategy which is adaptive to these model variations is put forward for trajectory tracking control of space robot. A fuzzy algorithm is employed to approximate the nonlinear uncertainties in the model, adaptive laws of the parameters are constructed, and the approximation error is compensated by using a robust control algorithm. The stability of the control system is guaranteed based on the Lyapunov theory and the trajectory tracking control simulation is performed. The simulation results are compared with the proportional plus derivative（PD） controller, and the effectiveness to achieve better trajectory tracking performance under different gravity environment without changing the control parameters and the advantage of the proposed controller are verified.     

一种快速的星敏感器星跟踪方法研究

阐述了星敏感器中星跟踪方法的重要性,指出了目前国内外星跟踪方法的不足。针对这些不足,提出了一种全新的、快速的星跟踪方法。新的跟踪方法采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现了实时的星点定位;正是由于这种技术的采用,加快了星点位置信息的获取,摈弃了跟踪窗的跟踪方法,采用简单的匹配识别的跟踪方法;对于新星的识别,由于有初始姿态而采用匹配组的识别方法。最后给出了星跟踪过程的实验结果。     

Gravity Field Recovery from GRACE: Unique Aspects of the High Precision Inter-Satellite Data and Analysis Methods

The very high accuracy of the Doppler and range measurements between the two low-flying and co-orbiting spacecraft of the GRACE mission, which will be at the μm/sec and ≈10 μm levels respectively, requires that special procedures be applied in the processing of these data. Parts of the existing orbit determination and gravity field parameters retrieval methods and software must be modified in order to fully benefit from the capabilities of this mission. This is being done in the following areas: (i) numerical integration of the equations of motion (summed form, accuracy of the predictor-corrector loop, Encke's formulation): (ii) special inter-satellite dynamical parameterization for very short arcs; (iii) accurate solution of large least-squares problems (normal equations vs. orthogonal decomposition of observation equations); (iv) handling the observation equations with high accuracy. Theoretical concepts and first tests of some of the newly implemented algorithms are presented. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

多目标无源跟踪中的多特征模糊综合数据关联算法

提出了一种多目标无源跟踪中的数据关联算法———多特征模糊综合数据关联算法。首先基于目标特征关联因子模型,进行单跟踪门的多特征数据关联模糊评估,得到单跟踪门内的有效观测与真实目标的模糊关联程度,在此基础上,进行了多目标数据关联模糊综合评估,得到多目标整体模糊关联程度,最后进行多目标关联判决。由于该算法综合利用了目标更多的特征信息,所以比传统的NN方法有更好的关联性能,计算机仿真表明,它比NN方法的错误关联率约低15%。     

基于序列图像的无人机自测速方法与试验

为自主、精确测量无人机的飞行速度,研究并发展了一种基于序列图像的无人机自测速方法并进行了相应的试验。该方法利用无人机上已有的惯导装置、高度计和摄像机,在连续成像的条件下,通过匹配跟踪得到地面同名点在相邻两帧光学或红外实时图中的位置,利用飞行高度、姿态信息和成像帧频计算得到无人机的瞬时飞行速度。在无人机的匀速平飞段,通过大量数据拟合得到高精度的平均飞行速度。通过挂飞试验对方法进行了验证,实时得到了小于0.2 m/s的测速结果,满足工程要求的精度,为工程应用打下了一定的基础。     

PMAC-based Tracking Control System for 8-axis Automated Tape-laying Machine

This article introduces a computer numerical control (CNC)-based open hardware architecture system to realize the special functions of automated tape-laying (ATL) in a numerical control system. It associates a programmable multi-axis controller (PMAC) as the motion control unit with programmable numerical controllers (PCL-725, PCL-730) for on-off control. To bring about synchronized movements of the main 5-axis tape-laying head system and the 3-axis ultrasonic tape-cutting sub-system, the tracking-control method associated with time-based mode attributed to PMAC is applied in different cases. In addition, with the goal of realizing real-time tasks in the software system such as synchronizing motion control and on-off control, the real-time Win 2000 system is adopted. As a device driver for PMAC and PCL, a user graphical interface and a numerical control program interpretation module are also designed. This system is helpful to solve complicated problems in designing numerical controls for ATL such as ensuring high requirements for precise machine control and synchronization of motion control and on-off control.     

基于滑动DFT和插值DFT算法的GPS信号载波跟踪方法

 在分析GPS接收机跟踪环路信号特征的基础上,将滑动离散傅里叶变换（DFT）算法和插值DFT频率估计算法相结合,提出一种在频域进行的载波跟踪方法。该方法首先根据捕获时得到的粗略载波频率估计值确定计算DFT值点的范围,然后利用滑动DFT算法计算这部分点的DFT值,最后利用插值DFT频率估计算法估计载波频率,进行跟踪环路中载波频率的更新。该方法计算复杂度低,便于实际应用。仿真结果显示,该方法能够对载波频率正确跟踪,验证了算法的可行性。     

一种应用于混合H2/H∞飞行跟踪控制的扩展LMI方法（英文）

Lyapunov变量和系统矩阵之间的耦合导致混合H2/H∞飞行跟踪控制器设计问题非凸。借助于扩展LMI方法,非凸优化问题被转化为凸的线性矩阵不等式(LMI)表达式。通过引入松弛变量,上述的耦合得以消除。而且,一个充要条件被证明成立以求解混合H2/H∞飞行跟踪控制器,该控制器不仅能够稳定被控系统,并且能够保证系统在正常和故障情况下均满足混合H2/H∞性能指标。这种新的扩展LMI表达式提供了额外的自由度去求解非凸优化问题,并减小了控制器设计的保守性。关于ADMIRE模型的仿真结果说明这种扩展LMI方法的优越性。     

在轨服务航天器对目标的相对位置和姿态耦合控制

研究在轨服务航天器自主逼近与捕获目标航天器过程中的相对位置和姿态耦合动力学与控制问题.考虑控制输入耦合,建立服务航天器对目标航天器的相对位置和姿态一体化耦合动力学模型.基于此耦合动力学模型,考虑相对位置跟踪中的控制指令耦合和控制输出受限,利用反馈线性化理论,设计相对位置和姿态一体化耦合控制算法.并利用李雅普洛夫理论证明...