国际空间太阳能电站的技术进展

综述了当前国际空间太阳能电站技术的研究进展与发展趋势。重点介绍了空间太阳能电站系统方案新构思“太阳塔”和“太阳盘”的特点；介绍了空间太阳能电站的主要相关技术———无线电能传输技术、太阳能转换技术和空间运输技术等的发展趋势；最后简要介绍了月球电站的进展情况。     

基于左手材料的翼面隐身结构设计及优化

翼面隐身结构能同时满足飞行器机翼气动、结构和隐身的要求,但在空间有限的机翼中应用时,由于结构特点使其隐身效果受到限制。为了解决该问题,在传统隐身结构中加入左手材料(LHM)进行改进。首先选取一种典型的LHM,从隐身设计角度出发,利用其雷达散射截面(RCS)计算不同入射角度下的后向吸收率,对其电磁特性进行研究。然后根据LHM的电磁特性,将其应用于翼面隐身结构,在相同的RCS减缩效果下,应用LHM可有效降低隐身结构体积。最后,为了进一步提高隐身效果,提出一种夹芯型LHM翼面隐身结构,并对该隐身结构中的结构参数利用代理模型进行优化。研究结果表明,相较金属翼面段RCS降低了15dB以上,较相同结构的翼面隐身结构RCS降低了10dB以上。     

Grinding performance evaluation of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels for Inconel 718

For high-efficiency grinding of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and nickel alloys, a high porosity is expected and also a sufficient mechanical strength to satisfy the function.However, the porosity increase is a disadvantage to the mechanical strength. As a promising pore forming agent, alumina bubbles are firstly induced into the abrasive layer to fabricate porous cubic boron nitride（CBN） wheels. When the wheel porosity reaches 45%, the bending strength is still high up to 50 MPa with modified orderly pore distribution. A porous CBN wheel was fabricated with a total porosity around 30%. The grinding performance of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel was evaluated in terms of specific force, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature, which were better than those of the vitrified one under the same grinding conditions. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, clear straight cutting grooves and less chip adhesion are observed on the ground surface and there is also no extensive loading on the wheel surface after grinding.     

脉冲雷达凝视模式下低轨碎片相对运动特征分析

脉冲雷达凝视模式是一种探测低轨小碎片的重要方式,其中低轨碎片与雷达的径向运动关系是碎片统计分析的基础.为推算碎片相对雷达的运动特征,基于坐标系的相互转换,先利用雷达测站信息,得到可见碎片在地惯坐标系下的轨道信息;再逆向将目标不同时刻的位置转换至测站坐标系下,得到目标的径向运动特征.在不同要素（雷达波束指向、雷达仰角、测站纬度、目标距离）下,仿真及对比分析了各个参数对速度模糊度、雷达可见性等的影响,得出在凝视模式下目标相对雷达近似做径向匀加速运动,这为后续试验工作提供有力的依据.     

无人直升机悬停低速段的不确定性仿真验证

在无人直升机控制律的设计过程中,需要对无人直升机进行建模,并对飞行中产生的一些不确定性因素进行仿真验证.目前,很多不确定性因素的描述是在非线性的环境中加入一些简单的扰动,然而能够确切地描述无人直升机动态特性的非线性模型在MATLAB中很难搭建.为此,文章从工程研究的角度,提出了在无人直升机线性模型组的基础上进行不确定性仿真验证的方法,从物理特性的角度描述无人直升机在悬停低速飞行时的对象特性不确定性,选择不确定或扰动因子;在MATLAB中建立了仿真模型,进行了无人直升机悬停低速段不确定性的验证.此方法简单、快速,并且能正确地反应无人直升机悬停低速段的不确定性,具有一定的工程意义.     

Stability analysis of an aeroelastic system with friction

In this paper, harmonic balance method, exact formulation and numerical simulation method are adopted to study the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of 1.5 degrees of freedom aeroelastic system. On this basis, the expressions of input energy and dissipated energy are deduced, and the energy method is used to reveal the mechanisms of the stable boundary and unstable boundary existing in the system and the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of the system. Studies have shown that the stability region and the critical aerodynamic damping ratio of the system rise with the increase of the friction stiffness, while the friction stiffness has little effect on the stability boundary. In the analysis of the stability of system, the results of harmonic balance method, exact formulation and Newmark of numerical simulation method are in good agreement. Compared with exact formulation and numerical simulation method, the concept and conclusion of harmonic balance method are simple in the system stability analysis.     

Solar activity dependence of total electron content derived from GPS observations over Mbarara

Vertical total electron content (VTEC) observed at Mbarara (geographic co-ordinates: 0.60°S, 30.74°E; geomagnetic coordinates: 10.22°S, 102.36°E), Uganda, for the period 2001–2009 have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations. The daily values of the 10.7 cm radio flux (F_10.7) and sunspot number (R) were used to represent Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Variability (EUV). VTEC is generally higher during high solar activity period for all the seasons and increases from 0600 h LT and reaches its maximum value within 1400 h–1500 h LT. All analysed linear and quadratic fits demonstrate positive VTEC-F_10.7 and positive VTEC-R correlation, with all fits at 0000 h and 1400 h LT being significant with a confidence level of 95% when both linear and quadratic models are used. All the fits at 0600 h LT are insignificant with a confidence level of 95%. Generally, over Mbarara, quadratic fit shows that VTEC saturates during all seasons for F_10.7 more than 200 units and R more than 150 units. The result of this study can be used to improve the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) prediction of TEC around the equatorial region of the African sector.     

一种实现陀螺马达准确制动方案的研究

在分析了几种传统的电机制动方案基础上,提出了一种适合陀螺马达的能耗制动方案,该方案依据马达逐渐停转时自身产生的微弱电信号,再经放大处理后作为能耗制动的控制信号,实现陀螺马达准确、可靠、平稳的停止,避免了不及时切断电源而烧坏定子绕组的情况.     

GaInP2外延膜中施主—受主对复合发光带的能量关量

通过变温与变激发强度的近红外光致发光研究了用ＭＯＣＶＤ方法、生长在ＧａＡｓ衬底上的Ｇａ０．５Ｉｎ０．５Ｐ（ＧａＩｎＰ２）外延薄膜的１．１７ｅＶ发射带的发光特性。１．１７ｅＶ发光带性质与０．９９ｅＶ及０．８５ｅＶ发光带的性质有着明显的差别。１．１７ｅＶ发光带的机理可用施主－受主对的复合发光来解释，其中施主－受主对系白处在Ｇａ格位上的Ｓｉ（ＳｉＧａ）及其最邻近的Ｇａ空位（ＶＧａ）所组成，记作ＳｉＧａ－ＶＧａ。考虑到ＧａＩｎＰ２中存在着很强的电子－格子耦合作用及其Ⅲ族子格子为部分有序，所以在施主－受主对复合发光中应计及Ｆｒａｎｃｋ－Ｃｏｎｄｏｎ位移△ＦＣ及该对在等效的部分有序势场中的相互作用能Ｅｓ（ＤＡＰ）。Ｘ—射线衍射实验表明，部分有序结构相当于成分调制，因而可用Ｋｒｏｎｉｇ－Ｐｅｎｎｅｙ模型来计算Ｅｓ（ＤＡＰ）值。这样，我们就导出了施主－受主对复合发光的新的能量表示式。     

关于跨声速流动问题的多重解

本文讨论了跨声速流小扰动方程Riemann问题的多重解及物理上可实现的解的判别。