双舌型挡板VGT蜗壳速度场的试验研究

使用IFA30 0热膜风速仪 ,通过选择合适的低通滤波器、合适的采样频率和采样时间 ,用X形探针测量了其无叶喷嘴出口速度的分布以及蜗壳流道的速度场。结果表明 :在两挡板全关时 ,喷嘴出口速度分布较均匀 ;随两挡板开度变化 ,喷嘴出口速度分布变化较大 ;而且沿蜗壳周向其径向速度分布较均匀 ,切向速度分布变化较大 ;沿蜗壳轴向 ,两者变化均较大。当两挡板开度变化时 ,蜗壳流道截面上通流速度的分布不同于自由涡流规律 ,二次流速度分量分布形态类似。     

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

航空发动机单管燃烧室试验器测控系统设计

为满足新型燃烧试验需求,针对航空发动机燃烧室试验中单管试验器的特点,提出并设计了1种基于以太网的分布式测控系统。详细阐述了该系统的总体设计方案,分别从软件和硬件两方面研究分析了该系统的详细设计过程,并对其进行了测量不确定度分析。目前该系统已经完成试验前调试,并已顺利完成了多项单管燃烧室燃烧试验任务。结果表明:该系统可靠性高、稳定性良好、通用性强,满足试验器测控需求,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

叶型上局部凸起对扩压器性能影响的数值研究

借助CFD数值模拟技术,对四种常规叶片扩压器（不同凸起位置）内部流场进行了数值模拟,研究了不同凸起位置对扩压器性能的影响,讨论了改变叶片凸起位置对扩压器静压恢复系数、总压损失系数等性能参数的影响,以为小型/微型发动机的叶片扩压器的优化设计提供一定的参考价值。结果表明,当叶片扩压器产生局部凸起时,在流动进入叶片扩压器凸起截面后面产生了低速流动,导致了明显的总压损失,使得叶片扩压器的效率降低。叶片中间产生凸起对于叶片扩压器的总压损失最高。在工程实际中叶片扩压器如果产生局部凸起,尽量选择在叶片前端。     

An error analysis and optimization method for combined measurement with binocular vision

The accurate measurement of surfaces of large aviation components is vital for the assessment of manufacturing and assembly quality of such components. To satisfy the measurement requirement of large-size components, most current researches pay more attention to combined measurement methods utilizing different measuring instruments, but the related researches on error analysis and optimization methods are not taken enough attention. This paper proposes a combined laser-assisted measurement method with feature enhancement techniques, and it also develops an error propagation model of the main factors affecting the overall measurement error in detail. Firstly, the surface of a large-size component is measured by the measurement system at multiple stations. Secondly, a control point coordinate system is established as a bridge to unify all local measurement data into the global coordinate system. To improve the overall measurement accuracy, the pixel extraction error as a key factor causing the overall measurement error is analyzed in detail. Next, the error propagation model is established, and some optimization strategies of layout for minimizing measurement error and transformation error are researched. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the measurement error of the proposed method reaches 0.073% and 0.14% with a 1D standard ruler and a flat plate, respectively.     

微型涡轮发动机综合测控系统设计

针对微型涡轮发动机测控要求,设计了集试车、控制系统半物理模拟、电动供油试验功能于一体的综合测控系统.各传感器调理信号并接到测控计算机与电子控制器;电子控制器通过串口接受测控计算机操纵指令,并采集p₂进行转速间接闭环控制.详细介绍了转速测量方法、电动油泵(pulse width modulation,PWM)驱动设计,并分析、设计了发动机控制律.测试软件以Lab Windows/CVI为平台,采用多线程技术设计.应用表明,系统结构简单、试验效率高,可为同类发动机研发提供支持.      

风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术研究

采用双尾支撑测量形式的加工、装配误差会使系统内应力过大,影响测量精度。针对某“双机身”飞机CTS 风洞试验气动力测量需求,发展基于多维力天平内置的风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术;研制具有消除系统内应力功能的双支撑系统,提出两种6 分量双支撑天平校准及测力方法,并对数据处理和双支撑系统可靠性进行检验加载、对比分析和验证。结果表明：风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术能够有效消除双支撑天平系统由于过约束而导致的固有装配内应力,双支撑天平系统各部分连接、测量可靠;两种校准测力方法测量精度相当,均能达到单台应变天平测量误差水平,可满足风洞试验测量精度需求;综合考虑现有校准设备校准能力,最终采用“合成式校准测力”方法进行的风洞试验,获得了满意的试验测力精度。     

可调汽蚀文氏管试验研究

通过对两种可调汽蚀文氏管的试验研究,掌握了其流量调节性能和流量特性,获得了可调汽蚀文氏管的针锥具体位置与其流量的对应关系,解决了试验过程中遇到的滚珠丝杠自锁、电机调节精度和可重复性较差的问题。所得结果为可调汽蚀文氏管的实际应用奠定了基础。     

用标定和亚像素技术实现三维运动目标的高精度测量

本文介绍一种利用多种亚像素图像技术提取目标及网格节点，并采用新的摄影系统标定与系统误差修正技术，用多个摄像机实现对有特殊标志的空间三维运动目标的高精度测量方法。     

光学压力敏感涂料测量技术综述

光学压力敏感涂料测量技术是一种新的测压技术,具有免接触、可连续大范围测量等特点,国外已广泛应用于风洞测量。文中介绍了PSP技术基本原理、测试系统的组成、特性参数的标定和使用该技术测量的方法及特点,并阐述了该技术的未来发展方向。