基于可编程逻辑器件的增量式编码器信号 去抖方法的实现

在伺服系统中,实时、准确地获得编码器反馈信号对伺服闭环控制至关重要.从增量式编码器的结构原理出发,分析引起其输出信号抖动的可能原因.根据D触发器逻辑功能,设计了一种基于可编程逻辑器件的增量式编码器信号去抖方法.实验结果表明,该方法能有效滤除信号的边沿抖动和干扰毛刺.     

结构吸波材料多层阻抗渐变设计及应用

对多层阻抗渐变的吸波结构设计思想进行了分析,介绍了多层阻抗渐变思想在吸波层板和泡沫两类结构吸波材料设计上的应用。理论计算与试验验证结果均表明,采用多层阻抗渐变设计能够使吸波层板和泡沫的吸波带宽向低频拓展,同时显著提高吸波泡沫的吸收强度。具有三个阻抗渐变吸收层的4 mm厚吸波层板在5~18 GHz频段反射率小于-10 d B;具有六个阻抗渐变吸收层的22 mm厚吸波泡沫在2~18 GHz频段反射率小于-10 d B,其中在6~18 GHz频段反射率小于-20 d B,8~12 GHz频段反射率小于-30 d B。多层阻抗渐变设计是提高结构吸波材料吸波性能的有效手段。     

Bacterial cellulose may provide the microbial-life biosignature in the rock records

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a matrix for a biofilm formation, which is critical for survival and persistence of microbes in harsh environments. BC could play a significant role in the formation of microbial mats in pristine ecosystems on Earth. The prime objective of this study was to measure to what extent spectral and other characteristics of BC were changed under the performance of BC interaction with the earthly rock – anorthosite – via microorganisms. The spectral analyses (Fourier Transform Infrared FT-IR, spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy) showed unprecedented accumulation of chemical elements in the BC-based biofilm. The absorption capacity of IR by BC was shielded a little by mineral crust formed by microorganisms on the BC-based biofilm surface, especially clearly seen in the range of 1200–900 cm⁻¹ in FT-IR spectra. Confocal scanning laser microscopy analysis revealed that elements bioleached from anorthosite created surface coats on the BC nanofibril web. At the same time, the vibrational spectra bands showed the presence of the characteristic region of anomeric carbons (960–730 cm⁻¹), wherein a band at 897 cm⁻¹ confirmed the presence of β-1, 4-linkages, which may serve as the cellulose fingerprint region. Results show that BC may be a biosignature for search signs of living organisms in rock records.     

ZJL801纳伏电压标准装置频率特性分析

针对低频超小电压计量测试设备的工作频率范围不宽和测量精度不高的问题,经过电子元器件及相关部件的频率特性分析与试验,确定了相关电容器的性能是影响仪器频率特性的关键。通过采用制作优质精密电容器,设计前置放大器、测量电路、连接电路、衰减器和校准信号源的频率特性及计算机数据处理等多种方法扩展了设备的工作频率,提高了测量精度,改善了频率特性。     

一种导航扫描天线监测系统的天线罩倾斜影响分析

文章通过天线罩倾斜时所产生的反射波对一种导航系统相控阵扫描天线监测系统影响的分析,得到了监测系统的监测角漂移与天线罩倾斜角及距离的关系,并提出解决监测角漂移问题的思路.     

Proposal for a United Nations Basic Space Technology Initiative

The United Nations Programme on Space Applications, implemented by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, promotes the benefits of space-based solutions for sustainable economic and social development. The Programme assists Member States of the United Nations to establish indigenous capacities for the use of space technology and its applications. In the past the Programme has primarily been focusing on the use of space applications and on basic space science activities. However, in recent years there has been a strong interest in a growing number of space-using countries to build space technology capacities, for example, the ability to develop and operate small satellites. In reaction to this development, the United Nations in cooperation with the International Academy of Astronautics has been organizing annual workshops on small satellites in the service of developing countries. Space technology related issues have also been addressed as part of various other activities of the Programme on Space Applications. Building on these experiences, the Office for Outer Space Affairs is now considering the launch of a new initiative, preliminarily titled the United Nations Basic Space Technology Initiative (UNBSTI), to promote basic space technology development. The initiative would be implemented in the framework of the Programme on Space Applications and its aim would be to help building sustainable capacities for basic space technology education and development, thereby advancing the operational use of space technology and its applications.     

浅谈婚内侵权责任

一般情况下,侵权人实施了侵权行为,并给受害人造成损害,侵权人即应依法承担侵权责任。但如果侵权人与受害人之间存在婚姻关系,侵权人是否应承担侵权责任,在我国理论界与司法实践中都存在争议。笔者认为,虽然双方具有法定的夫妻身份关系,但同时夫妻双方都是独立的民事行为主体,这种独立性表现为依法独立享有民事权利,也表现为独立承担民事义务。尤其是在夫妻内部的关系上,二人的独立性表现的更为明显。     

星载FPGA内时序电路设计与时钟控制技术分析

在分析星载FPGA内时序电路特性以及FPGA可编程资源特性的基础上,指出了FPGA内同步时序电路出现时钟偏斜现象的机理。针对时钟偏斜,提出了星载FPGA内时序电路的设计准则。基于设计准则,提出了并行移位寄存器的一种异步化设计方法,阐述了在FPGA源代码中设置设计约束,或在逻辑综合与布局布线过程中联合设置设计约束,将主要同步时序电路时钟信号布置在全局时钟网络上的方法。工程实践表明：上述方法很好地解决了星载FPGA内同步时序电路时钟偏斜问题,可确保星载FPGA工作的稳定性与可靠性。     

无陀螺下基于修正罗德里格参数的星体姿态确定

介绍了修正罗德里格参数(MRP),分析比较了姿态表示参数修正罗德里格参数和四元数的算法特点。通过仿真计算,比较了当卫星受一阶马尔柯夫干扰力矩作用和CCD星敏感器为唯一星载角运动传感器时,分别用修正罗德里格参数和四元数作为姿态表示参数,采用UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)估计卫星航向、姿态及相应角速率的滤波效果。结果表明,用修正罗德里格参数法的姿态解算精度比用四元数法的姿态解算精度高,且计算效率明显优于四元数算法,计算量仅相当于四元数算法的一半,这是由于四元数的规范化条件(即模值为1),在姿态确定中会导致误差协方差阵奇异,而修正罗德里格参数虽然不是全局非奇异的,但是可以通过切换方法解决奇异性问题。     

含不确定参数的复合材料板振动的 区间分析法

提出了求解具有不确定参数的复合材料板的振动固有频率区间分析法.区间分析法利用区间数学和泰勒定理,把不确定变量简化为区间向量.这样可以在较少的结构信息的情况下确定结构响应的变化区间.在样本比较小,概率统计特性缺乏,从而通常的概率统计方法不能有效应用时,区间分析仍然有效. 对复合材料板的振动固有频率的区间法公式进行了推导,并用2个数值例子与凸模型方法的解进行比较.结果表明区间分析法比凸模型方法的解区间小.