近地轨道飞行器的光辐射背景环境

文章简要介绍了在可见光和红外波段深空和地球高层大气的光辐射源和辐射特性,包括辐射机制和强度、辐射的各向异性等,通过比较表明空间红外波段的背景辐射明显高出可见光波段近1个数量级;分析了在地球大气外进行对地观测时大气辉光辐射的角分布,指出了辐射的临边增亮特性。以上研究对于研制和开发新型航天器、利用太空资源以及未来的深空探测都具有实用价值。     

光速不变原理在相对论中的作用

本文首先通过速度附加定律的推导阐述了“光速不变原理”在狭义相对论中的作用,然后从公理化体系着手推导出洛仑兹变换式,从而进一步说明“光速不变原理”的作用。     

机载作动系统的控制信号光传方案

 综述了目前国内外机载作动系统控制信号光传的研究现状,详尽分析了光传飞行操纵FBL(Fly By Light)系统的特点与未来飞机对飞行操纵系统的要求,指出了FBL技术发展的必然性.针对当今我国技术发展现状及对FBL技术的研究水平,在权衡模拟式光传和数字式光传的优缺点之后,提出了一种准数字光传操纵系统方案.初步实验证明,该方案可以满足飞行操纵系统的要求,是研制开发数字式光传的必要过渡.     

Biochemical,photosynthetic and productive parameters of Chinese cabbage grown under blue–red LED assembly designed for space agriculture

Currently light emitting diodes (LEDs) are considered to be most preferable source for space plant growth facilities. We performed a complex study of growth and photosynthesis in Chinese cabbage plants (Brassica chinensis L.) grown with continuous LED lighting based on red (650 nm) and blue (470 nm) LEDs with a red to blue photon ratio of 7:1. Plants grown with high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps were used as a control. PPF levels used were about 100 μmol/(m² s) (PPF 100) and nearly 400 μmol/(m² s) (PPF 400). One group of plants was grown with PPF 100 and transferred to PPF 400 at the age of 12 days. Plants were studied at the age of 15 and 28 days (harvest age); some plants were left to naturally end their life cycle. We studied a number of parameters reflecting different stages of photosynthesis: photosynthetic pigment content; chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (photosystem II quantum yield, photochemical and non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching); electron transport rate, proton gradient on thylakoid membranes (ΔpH), and photophosphorylation rate in isolated chloroplasts. We also tested parameters reflecting plant growth and productivity: shoot and root fresh and dry weight, sugar content and ascorbic acid content in shoots. Our results had shown that at PPF 100, plants grown with LEDs did not differ from control plants in shoot fresh weight, but showed substantial differences in photophosphorylation rate and sugar content. Differences observed in plants grown with PPF 100 become more pronounced in plants grown with PPF 400. Most parameters characterizing the plant photosynthetic performance, such as photosynthetic pigment content, electron transport rate, and ΔpH did not react strongly to light spectrum. Photophosphorylation rate differed strongly in plants grown with different spectrum and PPF level, but did not always reflect final plant yield. Results of the present work suggest that narrow-band LED lighting caused changes in Chinese cabbage plants on levels of the photosynthetic apparatus and the whole plant, concerning its development and adaptation to a varying PPF level.     

机场目视助航灯具光强测量方法

提出了一种基于面阵CCD的目视助航灯具出射光强的测量方法,系统采用反射屏作为转换装置,给出了CCD表面照度与反射屏亮度及灯具出射光强之间的换算方法。该系统具有灯具安装方便,显示直观的特点。     

Comets, Asteroids and Zodiacal Light as Seen by Iso

ISO performed a large variety of observing programmes on comets, asteroids and zodiacal light – covering about 1% of the archived observations – with a surprisingly rewarding scientific return. Outstanding results were related to the exceptionally bright comet Hale–Bopp and to ISO's capability to study in detail the water spectrum in a direct way. But many other results were broadly recognised: Discovery of new molecules in comets, the studies of crystalline silicates, the work on asteroid surface mineralogy, results from thermophysical studies of asteroids, a new determination of the asteroid number density in the main-belt and last but not least, the investigations on the spatial and spectral features of the zodiacal light.     

光线示波器振子的选用

为了准确地测量记录各种被测信号，应当正确地选用振子的固有频率的阻尼，适当地选取被测信号大大小，保持信号源内阻Ｒｉ与振子的内阻ｒｇ相匹配，同时要正确地调整光点位置，以减小圆弧误差。     

Swimming behaviour of the upside-down swimming catfish (Synodontis nigriventris) at high-quality microgravity – A drop-tower experiment

The catfish Synodontis nigriventris often shows a unique swimming behaviour in being oriented upside-down. When swimming near a (e.g., vertical) substrate, however, the animals orient themselves with their ventral side towards this substrate. This tendency is called ventral substrate response (VSR). The VSR does not only override the upside-down swimming behaviour but also the dorsal light response and the ventral light response.     

高精度光纤陀螺用ASE光源实验研究

本文主要介绍了高精度陀螺用ASE光源的几种基本光路结构,对单通前向光路结构进行了深入的实验研究,设计搭建了带滤波器的单通前向ASE光源光路。实验研究了铒纤长度、泵浦功率对光源性能的影响,并与国内某两个厂家光源的性能指标进行了对比分析,结果表明,自主研制的ASE光源各项指标达到预期要求,可以满足实际工程需要。     

谈扫模方法对提高激光陀螺性能的重要性

本文分析了激光陀螺的扫模原理,并推算了扫模峰值光强包络与陀螺最关键参数损耗的关系,分析结果对陀螺改进设计和提高陀螺性能具有重要意义。