采用CCD成像装置测量激光引信发射光光束束宽的方法研究

根据激光引信中线性阵列激光二极管的特点,应用基于CCD的二阶矩法进行光束束宽的测量,对测量中图像处理这一关键问题进行了讨论,重点分析了应用自适应积分法来获取光强分布二阶矩的最优积分范围.结果表明,此方法能够很好的完成测量.     

航空压气机叶片激光测量仪处理系统软件设计

从航空发动机压气机叶片型面检测的传统方法及特点出发,简单介绍了激光测量仪总体系统,重点阐述了处理系统软件的设计,并将其应用于实践中。     

Machining of SiC ceramic matrix composites: A review

Continuous fiber reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (FRCMCs-SiC) are currently the preferred material for hot section components, safety–critical components and braking components (in the aerospace, energy, transportation) with high value, and have triggered the demand for machining. However, the high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity of materials bring great challenges to machining, due to high mechanical and thermal loads, severe tool wear, and poor machining quality. With the increasing demand of FRCMCs-SiC parts, high-quality and high-efficient machining has become a hot issue. This review paper provides a detailed literature survey on the machining of FRCMCs-SiC. The material removal mechanism, defect form, and interfacial mechanical properties of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. The machining processes of FRCMCs-SiC were introduced, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were compared. Given the low machinability (high hardness, high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity) of FRCMCs-SiC, preliminary experiments have proved that ultrasonic-assisted machining and laser-assisted machining have shown unique advantages in reducing force and tool wear, improving machining quality and machining efficiency. The machined surface integrity was discussed, the influence of process parameters on the machined surface quality was analyzed, and the machining defects of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. But for FRCMCs-SiC, the existing quantitative evaluation of the machined surface integrity was weak and unsystematic.     

考虑高斯能量分布的复杂表面航天器激光雷达散射特性分析

针对复杂表面航天器在激光雷达照射下散射特性模拟不准的问题,通过表面建模和激光特性修正进行了解决。该方法首先通过高斯能量分布法对激光光束模型进行修正;然后基于有限元的思想,针对航天器复杂表面非光滑、非连续以及多材质等特性,利用改进Z-buffer的消隐算法解决了复杂航天器表面建模问题;最后建立了面向激光雷达的复杂表面航天器激光雷达散射截面的计算方法。仿真分析表明:航天器不同姿态下的激光雷达散射截面精度提升了14.58%,为后续面向激光雷达的隐身设计奠定了基础。     

Area-oriented coordinated trajectory planning of dual-arm space robot for capturing a tumbling target

The growing amount of space debris poses a threat to operational spacecraft and the long-term sustainability of activities in outer space. According to the orbital mechanics, an uncontrolled space object will be tumbling, bringing great challenge to capture and remove it. In this paper, a dual-arm coordinated ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"(AOC) method is proposed to capture a non-cooperative tumbling target. Firstly, the motion equation of the tumbling target is established, based on which, the dynamic properties are analyzed. Then, the ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"concept is presented to deal with the problem of large pose(position and attitude) deviation and tumbling motion. An area rather than fixed points/devices is taken as the object to be tracked and captured. As long as the manipulators' end-effectors move to a specified range of the objective areas(not fixed points on the target, but areas), the target satellite will be hugged by the two arms.At last, the proposed method and the traditional method(i.e. fixed-point oriented capture method)are compared and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the proposed method has larger pose tolerance and takes shorter time for capturing a tumbling target.     

湍流边界层的湍流参数测量和研究

利用DANTEC三维激光多普勒测速仪对水槽壁面边界层的湍流参数进行了测量和分析，并与经典实验曲线做了比较。同时就摩擦速度的计算与涡粘系数的分布曲线展开了讨论。     

激光重熔改性热障涂层抗CMAS腐蚀特性

采用激光对大气等离子喷涂7YSZ热障涂层进行表面重熔处理,探讨基体预热和Al₂O₃溶胶涂敷对激光重熔层裂纹愈合的影响,研究处理后热障涂层的耐CMAS熔盐腐蚀性能。结果表明:涂层经过激光重熔和基体预热后的激光重熔处理后,与未经重熔处理涂层的CMAS腐蚀厚度基本相同;而采用表面Al₂O₃溶胶涂敷加激光重熔的热障涂层的CMAS腐蚀厚度明显减小,表明Al₂O₃溶胶涂敷加激光重熔工艺可以有效地减轻CMAS熔盐侵蚀,其机理是表面形成的Al₂O₃薄膜溶于CMAS后生成了难熔晶体钙长石,降低了熔盐的流动性和腐蚀性。     

某型号激光陀螺温度补偿技术的应用研究

温度是影响激光陀螺输出漂移的主要因素之一.在高精度的激光捷联惯导系统中,建立激光陀螺的温度误差模型具有十分重要的意义.在大量实验的基础上,研究了激光陀螺在不同环境温度下的漂移特性,提出了一种将静态温度模型与动态温度模型分开建模的方法.环境适应性实验验证该方法建立的温度补偿模型对于缓变温度环境与快速温变环境均适用.最后通过实际导航实验验证了该模型具有工程实用性.     

双轴旋转式激光捷联惯导系统的转位方案研究

惯性导航系统的误差随时间累积,旋转调制技术可以有效地提高惯导系统的长航时精度,旋转调制方案是决定旋转式捷联惯导系统导航精度的一个重要因素.针对双轴旋转惯导系统,相较于16次序转位方案,提出了一种新的32次序双轴旋转调制方案.根据捷联惯导系统的误差方程,推导出旋转捷联惯导的误差方程,分析了误差补偿的机理,研究了惯性器件常值偏置误差、标度因数误差和安装角误差的传播特性.仿真结果表明,32次序双轴旋转调制方案相对于16次序转位方案有明显的优势,可以有效地降低姿态角误差和经纬度误差.     

包覆铝粉破裂燃烧的实验观测

为强化燃烧，让复合推进剂中的铝粉表面覆一种高分子表面活性剂。燃烧过程中这种活性剂形成不可参透的壳层，可通过破裂燃烧的方式铝粉快速完全的燃烧。