Precision orbit determination performance for CryoSat-2

In this paper we discuss our efforts to perform precision orbit determination (POD) of CryoSat-2 which depends on Doppler and satellite laser ranging tracking data. A dynamic orbit model is set-up and the residuals between the model and the tracking data is evaluated. The average r.m.s. of the 10?s averaged Doppler tracking pass residuals is approximately 0.39?mm/s; and the average of the laser tracking pass residuals becomes 1.42?cm. There are a number of other tests to verify the quality of the orbit solution, we compare our computed orbits against three independent external trajectories provided by the CNES. The CNES products are part of the CryoSat-2 products distributed by ESA. The radial differences of our solution relative to the CNES precision orbits shows an average r.m.s. of 1.25?cm between Jun-2010 and Apr-2017. The SIRAL altimeter crossover difference statistics demonstrate that the quality of our orbit solution is comparable to that of the POE solution computed by the CNES. In this paper we will discuss three important changes in our POD activities that have brought the orbit performance to this level. The improvements concern the way we implement temporal gravity accelerations observed by GRACE; the implementation of ITRF2014 coordinates and velocities for the DORIS beacons and the SLR tracking sites. We also discuss an adjustment of the SLR retroreflector position within the satellite reference frame. An unexpected result is that we find a systematic difference between the median of the 10 s Doppler tracking residuals which displays a statistically significant pattern in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SSA) area where the median of the velocity residuals varies in the range of ?0.15 to +0.15?mm/s.     

Hot-cracking susceptibility and shear fracture behavior of dissimilar Ti6Al4V/AA6060 alloys in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding

Laser welding of dissimilar titanium/aluminum alloys has been employed at an increasing rate, particularly in the aerospace industry, owing to its advantages in terms of current design flexibility and fuel/cost savings. The major problem with dissimilar Ti/Al welds arises from the difference in the thermal expansion and contraction of the two metals, which leads to hot-cracking susceptibility and the mitigation of the mechanical property after welding. In the present study, pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of Ti6Al4V and AA6060 has been addressed. Hot-cracking susceptibility in the heat affected zone and the shear fracture behavior of the lap joints were investigated through microstructural characterization and mechanical tests. The results indicate that the hot cracking tendency can be reduced by increasing the pulse peak power (7.5–8.5 kW) and the laser point diameter (0.8–1.0 mm) with specific pulse duration and overlap. An alternative control strategy for less hot cracks in the Ti/Al lap joint can be to increase the weld width and decrease the cooling rate during solidification. The shear fracture of the Ti/Al lap joint is likely to occur along the lower side path of the weld interface with decreasing weld surface collapsed amount and increasing aluminum base metal melt depth.     

地基激光清除椭圆轨道空间碎片特性的计算分析

空间碎片对人类航天活动的危害很大,用高能激光减缓其危害性已受到广泛关注.针对地基激光清除椭圆轨道空间碎片问题,提出了单脉冲变轨和多脉冲变轨两种计算分析方法.仿真计算结果表明,碎片初始真近角在100°～150°附近降轨效果最佳;从激光器在地球表面可供布站的区域讲,在碎片真近角180°附近,布站区域最大;当推进激光总作用时间较短或作用距离较小时,单脉冲变轨计算模型和多脉冲变轨计算模型计算结果接近,因此可采用单脉冲变轨计算模型计算结果近似表示多脉冲作用效果.     

激光模切系统功率与运动的同步控制

通过对激光模切的加工中激光控制系统的设计、功率与运动速度的理论研究,并针对三种不同材料进行模切的数据分析,建立了函数关系.结合功率的PID闭环控制方法,实现了对二者的实时控制.最后对三种材料进行异形纸盒的模切实验切缝均匀、效果良好,使该算法得到了肯定.     

有效载荷基频降低对火箭动特性的影响

为了分析有效载荷基频降低对火箭动特性的影响规律,采用纵横扭一体化梁模型与耦合质量方法模拟箭体承力结构与液体推进剂,使用NASTRAN中的RBE2单元模拟芯级与助推器连接接头.通过修改有效载荷有限元模型以得到不同的有效载荷基频,选取飞行过程中的四个典型秒状态,计算三种不同有效载荷基频下全箭的前九阶固有振动频率.结果表明：纵横扭一体化梁模型在进行全箭动特性分析时模型简单,结果满足要求,可用于设计初期的模态分析;同时,分析得到基频降低对全箭动特性的影响规律,给卫星设计人员提供了相关依据.     

面向微纳卫星应用的激光数传技术

针对遥感微纳卫星对地高速数传需求,开展面向微纳卫星的激光数传技术研究,突破微纳卫星激光通信终端星地快速捕获建链和协同高精度稳定跟踪、天基终端轻小型化、复合光电组件等关键技术。完成微纳卫星的天基激光终端和地面激光终端研制,并开展星地传输试验验证,实现 1 230 km、10/50/100 Mbps 的星地数据传输,验证了相关技术,为后续我国微纳卫星对地遥感应用提供了理想的星地数传手段。     

Oblique sounding of the ionosphere by powerful wave beams

The article is devoted to modeling the impact on the ionosphere powerful obliquely incident wave beam. The basis of this analysis will be orbital variational principle for the intense wave beams-generalization of Fermat’s principle to the case of a nonlinear medium (, ,  and ). Under the influence of a powerful wave beam appears manageable the additional stratification of the ionospheric layer F2. Explicit expressions show how the properties of the test beam, with a shifted frequency, released in the same direction as the beam depend on the intensity of a powerful beam and the frequency shift.     

Design of tracking mount and controller for mobile satellite laser ranging system

In this study, we have proposed and implemented a design for the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M (Accurate Ranging system for Geodetic Observation - Mobile) which is a mobile satellite laser ranging (SLR) system developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM). The tracking mount comprises a few core components such as bearings, driving motors and encoders. These components were selected as per the technical specifications for the tracking mount of the ARGO-M. A three-dimensional model of the tracking mount was designed. The frequency analysis of the model predicted that the first natural frequency of the designed tracking mount was high enough. The tracking controller is simulated using MATLAB/xPC Target to achieve the required pointing and tracking accuracy. In order to evaluate the system repeatability and tracking accuracy of the tracking mount, a prototype of the ARGO-M was fabricated, and repeatability tests were carried out using a laser interferometer. Tracking tests were conducted using the trajectories of low earth orbit (LEO) and high earth orbit (HEO) satellites. Based on the test results, it was confirmed that the prototype of the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M could achieve the required repeatability along with a tracking accuracy of less than 1 arcsec.     

复材C梁角度偏差对装配静强度影响的建模仿真研究

针对含有角度偏差的复合材料C形梁的典型装配结构,建立了一种研究其角度偏差对装配结构的静载强度影响的有限元模型,设计了含有角度偏差的典型结构的单拉试验以获得最大静载强度的试验数据.在有限元软件ABAQUS中建立了仿真模型,采用基于应变描述的三维Hashin准则预测材料的失效,编写用户材料子程序(UMAT)仿真单拉过程.与试验结果对比验证了模型有效性,为进一步分析复合材料C形梁的角度偏差对其典型装配结构的静载强度影响规律提供了理论基础.     

基于加权最小二乘法的大部件对接位姿评估算法研究

本文以定位器支撑的大部件调姿系统为研究对象,通过激光跟踪仪测得大部件上多个测点坐标数据.针对各点在不同坐标系下测量点值不匹配且各点精度要求有差异的问题,提出了最小二乘法评估大部件位姿的模型,并利用权值实现对多个测点数据进行误差分配优化,为大型部件的位置姿态评估计算提供一套有效的解决方案.