Effect of drag reducing riblet surface on coherent structure in turbulent boundary layer

The characteristics of turbulent boundary layer over streamwise aligned drag reducing riblet surface under zero-pressure gradient are investigated using particle image velocimetry. The formation and distribution of large-scale coherent structures and their effect on momentum partition are analyzed using two-point correlation and probability density function. Compared with smooth surface, the streamwise riblets reduce the friction velocity and Reynolds stress in the turbulent boundary layer, indicating the drag reduction effect. Strong correlation has been found between the occurrence of hairpin vortices and the momentum distribution. The number and streamwise length scale of hairpin vortices decrease over streamwise riblet surface. The correlation between number of uniform momentum zones and Reynolds number remains the same as smooth surface.     

航空铆钉连接件的抗冲击性能

以分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置为基础,设计了特殊的铆接试验件,对MS20615铆钉的铆接结构开展了动态加载下不同加载角度、不同加载速率的力学性能试验。结合其准静态试验结果,获得了铆接结构在纯剪切、30°拉剪耦合、45°拉剪耦合、60°拉剪耦合和纯拉伸试验下的力学性能参数。试验结果表明,加载角度、加载速率对铆接结构的失效载荷与失效模式有显著的影响。在试验结果的基础上,使用有限元软件LS-Dyna建立了铆接结构的简化模型,对比了试验和数值模拟得到的铆接结构载荷-位移曲线,并对简化数值模型进行了网格相关性分析,验证了简化的铆钉单元模型的可行性。     

大切深数控电解铣削加工阴极设计及试验研究

难加工材料整体叶轮广泛应用于航空领域,采用传统切削加工存在刀具磨损快、加工效率低等问题。本文针对某型号复杂整体叶轮,提出大切深五轴数控电解铣削预加工方法。通过设计锥形螺旋刃阴极,分析不同旋转角下单、双螺旋刃出口流场分布,得到旋转角720°的单螺旋刃阴极出口压力和流速分布均匀。同时开展大切深数控电解铣削加工试验,结果表明:在选取的工艺参数范围内,加工平衡间隙和进给速度随着加工电压升高而增大;较低的电解液温度有利于实现小间隙加工,可显著提高加工精度;主轴转速达到1 500 r/min后对加工速度影响较小。得到大切深数控电解铣削整体叶轮加工叶片,一次最大切深可达65 mm,余量误差控制在0.5 mm范围之内,提高了整体叶轮加工效率。     

航天柔性展开结构技术及其应用研究进展

综述了航天柔性展开结构的技术特点及其在航天器中的研究应用情况,围绕航天柔性展开结构应用涉及的薄膜褶皱、充气张力结构的屈曲失稳、展开动力学、精度测试、刚化材料等关键理论和技术基础,评述了航天柔性结构技术应用中的关键问题及未来研究重点,最后给出了航天柔性展开结构技术的未来发展趋势。     

玻璃基环形振动微陀螺谐振子的设计与制造工艺

针对传统单晶硅材料热胀系数不稳定引起的硅基环形振动微陀螺的温度漂移问题,开展了玻璃基环形振动微陀螺谐振子的设计,并提出了一种新型的玻璃基准三维微结构制造工艺,借助微型电子机械系统（MEMS）工艺中成熟的深硅刻蚀、阳极键合、化学机械抛光等通用加工技术,融合玻璃熔融工艺,解决了玻璃基准三维微结构的制造工艺难题,同时保证了高的加工精度,实现了玻璃基环形振动微陀螺谐振子的高精度批量制造。     

空间结构展开与刚化

空间展开结构具有能构建大型结构、轻质而且成本低廉的特点。在航天器中呈折叠状的空间结构在空间充气展开后，要呈刚化，使其不因温度变化而引起变形并且不会因空间碎片或流星体的碰撞而被损坏。文中提出了展开前的折叠方法和包装效率评估方法。提出了两种刚化薄膜，在储存状态下易于折叠并能保持其所有的性能。一种采用单层薄膜浸渍长储存寿命树脂基的三轴编织纤维，另一种采用宽广温度范围长储存寿命的交互编织纤维刚性薄膜。     

智能结构的梁有限元模型

本文详细阐述了含压电传感器和执行器的智能结构梁单元模型的建立过程，并以双压电晶片悬臂梁为例，检验了所提模型的精度。     

大小叶片压气机级的计算与实验校验

为了考察用于压气机设计的三维计算软件的准确性,对一个低速大尺寸的单级大小叶片轴流压气机进行了计算与流动测量,基于可压缩流动,并在流动细节的层次上全面地考察了计算程序的准确性。结果表明:所用的计算程序对压气机设计点的计算较为准确,流量和压比的准确度可达1%,但对失速裕度的预估能力不足。计算程序对于内部流动细节,尤其是二次流动的模拟不够好,当压气机工作于非设计工况时,这些流动细节计算的不准确会导致整体性能上较大的偏差。     

翼面结构结点载荷转换分配方法的比较分析

在对飞机的翼面结构进行有限元分析时,如何将气动载荷有效地加载到有限元模型上至关重要。研究翼面结构中气动结点载荷向有限元结点载荷转换的三种分配方法:三点排、四点排、多点排,并使用这三种方法对翼面结构有限元模型进行分析计算。结果表明:三种方法均能满足总载荷相同、总压心相同,且满足载荷分配要求;多点排方法不仅能适用于极端条件下的载荷分配且算法实现简单、计算效率高、理论依据强,还能实现载荷加载点位置的自由选取,四点排、三点排依次次之。所得结论可为结构有限元计算的载荷前处理和拓扑优化中的载荷分配提供一定参考和借鉴。     

Aero-engine fault diagnosis applying new fast support vector algorithm

A new fast learning algorithm was presented to solve the large-scale support vector machine ( SVM ) training problem of aero-engine fault diagnosis.The relative boundary vectors ( RBVs ) instead of all the original training samples were used for the training of the binary SVM fault classifiers.This pruning strategy decreased the number of final training sample significantly and can keep classification accuracy almost invariable.Accordingly , the training time was shortened to 1 / 20compared with basic SVM classifier.Meanwhile , owing to the reduction of support vector number , the classification time was also reduced.When sample aliasing existed , the aliasing sample points which were not of the same class were eliminated before the relative boundary vectors were computed.Besides , the samples near the relative boundary vectors were selected for SVM training in order to prevent the loss of some key sample points resulted from aliasing.This can improve classification accuracy effectively.A simulation example to classify 5classes of combination fault of aero-engine gas path components was finished and the total fault classification accuracy reached 96.1%.Simulation results show that this fast learning algorithm is effective , reliable and easy to be implemented for engineering application.