一种适合于旋翼前飞非定常流场计算的新型运动嵌套网格方法

针对旋翼流场计算中关键的运动嵌套网格技术,提出了一个新的网格单元关系快速判断方法。该方法通过计算特殊网格点在背景网格上的位置来建立桨叶网格在背景网格中所占据范围的关系,并用于嵌套网格洞单元的识别,又进一步将该方法推广用于Inverse Map的建立,在此基础上,建立了一套用于前飞流场计算的运动嵌套方法。通过多种前飞旋翼测试算例,分别评估了背景网格、桨叶网格尺寸改变对计算时间的影响,同时验证了该方法的可靠性,结果表明构建网格嵌套关系所用时间随桨叶网格和背景网格尺寸的变化幅度较小,且具有良好的鲁棒性,能够满足旋翼前飞状态计算的需要。最后,在基于前飞非定常N-S/Euler流场求解器中,采用该方法模拟了UH-60A和7A旋翼悬停/前飞状态的气动特性,通过计算时间的对比体现出该方法的高效性,并且流场计算结果与试验数据对比表明该方法可以有效地用于旋翼前飞非定常流场的计算。     

B93铝合金热加工特性模拟研究

在Gleeble1500热模拟机上采用轴对称等温压缩实验,研究了B93铝合金在热加工中变形温度和应变速率对合金组织的影响,基于动态模型计算出B93铝合金加工图,分析合金热加工的流变失稳区并确定了合金热加工的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:变形速率和变形温度对B93铝合金的微观组织有影响;合金的峰值应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随变形速率的提高而增大;B93铝合金最佳的热加工制度为:变形温度420℃左右,应变速率0.001 s-1。     

Image Smearing Modeling and Verification for Strapdown Star Sensor

To further extend study on celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor from static into dynamic field, one prerequisite is to generate precise dynamic simulating star maps. First a neat analytical solution of the smearing trajectory caused by spacecraft attitude maneuver is deduced successfully, whose parameters cover the geometric size of optics, three-axis angular velocities and CCD integral time. Then for the first time the mathematical law and method are discovered about how to synthesize the two formulae of smearing trajectory and the static Gaussian distribution function (GDF) model, the key of which is a line integral with regard to the static GDF attenuated by a factor 1/ L s (L s is the arc length of the smearing trajectory) along the smearing trajectory. The dynamic smearing model is then obtained, also in an analytical form. After that, three sets of typical simulating maps and data are simulated from this dynamic model manifesting the expected smearing effects, also compatible with the linear model as its special case of no boresight rotation. Finally, model validity tests on a rate turntable are carried out, which results in a mean correlation coefficient 0.920 0 between the camera images and the corresponding model simulated ones with the same parameters. The sufficient similarity verifies the validity of the dynamic smearing model. This model, after parameter calibration, can serve as a front-end loop of the ground semi-physical simulation system for celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor.     

基于环型知识地图的网络信息资源导航

针对网络信息空间所处的混沌状态,结合知识地图的基本思想,提出一个基于环型知识地图的网络信息资源导航技术框架,并设计和实现了项目合作网络信息导航实验系统.该系统遵循了知识地图的构建原则,可以提供清晰的知识关联和有效的知识链接服务,充分体现了环型知识地图应用于网络信息资源导航中的巨大优势.     

车辆导航系统中超前滞后校正方法

分析了车辆导航系统中超前滞后产生的原因,提出了利用地图匹配MM(Map Matching)进行GPS(Global Positioning System)/DRS(Dead Reckoning System)组合导航系统超前滞后校正的方法.该方法是将超前滞后误差归结为GPS误差,先利用GPS沿道路垂直方向上误差的可观测性进行GPS误差校正,再将校正的GPS信息与DRS信息进行卡尔曼滤波,从而减少组合导航系统超前滞后误差.仿真结果表明上述方法是行之有效的.      

Clusters of Galaxies: Setting the Stage

Clusters of galaxies are self-gravitating systems of mass ∼10¹⁴–10¹⁵ h ⁻¹ M_⊙ and size ∼1–3h ⁻¹ Mpc. Their mass budget consists of dark matter (∼80%, on average), hot diffuse intracluster plasma (≲20%) and a small fraction of stars, dust, and cold gas, mostly locked in galaxies. In most clusters, scaling relations between their properties, like mass, galaxy velocity dispersion, X-ray luminosity and temperature, testify that the cluster components are in approximate dynamical equilibrium within the cluster gravitational potential well. However, spatially inhomogeneous thermal and non-thermal emission of the intracluster medium (ICM), observed in some clusters in the X-ray and radio bands, and the kinematic and morphological segregation of galaxies are a signature of non-gravitational processes, ongoing cluster merging and interactions. Both the fraction of clusters with these features, and the correlation between the dynamical and morphological properties of irregular clusters and the surrounding large-scale structure increase with redshift. In the current bottom-up scenario for the formation of cosmic structure, where tiny fluctuations of the otherwise homogeneous primordial density field are amplified by gravity, clusters are the most massive nodes of the filamentary large-scale structure of the cosmic web and form by anisotropic and episodic accretion of mass, in agreement with most of the observational evidence. In this model of the universe dominated by cold dark matter, at the present time most baryons are expected to be in a diffuse component rather than in stars and galaxies; moreover, ∼50% of this diffuse component has temperature ∼0.01–1 keV and permeates the filamentary distribution of the dark matter. The temperature of this Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) increases with the local density and its search in the outer regions of clusters and lower density regions has been the quest of much recent observational effort. Over the last thirty years, an impressive coherent picture of the formation and evolution of cosmic structures has emerged from the intense interplay between observations, theory and numerical experiments. Future efforts will continue to test whether this picture keeps being valid, needs corrections or suffers dramatic failures in its predictive power.     

基于BP网络星图识别的样本构造方法

星敏感器是一种高精度的姿态敏感测量系统，如何确定星敏感器上像点在摄影时刻所对应的恒星，即星图识别，是姿态测量的关键。本文根据星图识别问题本身的特点和神经网络技术的特性，提出了基于BP网络星图识别方法的一种可以兼顾性能和效率、利于实现的样本构造方法。     

一种改进的自组织特征映射算法

针对SOM算法用于训练生成矢量量化码书存在的不足，提出了一种基于频率敏感的自组织特征映射算法（FSOM）．并应用到图像矢量量化中。实验表明，与SOM算法相比。FSOM算法具有更好的聚类特性和峰峰信噪比（PSNR），是一种有效的码书设计算法。     

三维地形的计算机模拟生成技术

三维地形的生成是许多模拟器中的一项关键技术。文中给出了地形基准数据库的基本概念和一般的建立方法,并给出了形成计算机模拟三维地形的统计特性和产生方法。最后通过大量的计算仿真试验,对三维地形在不同地形条件下的变化进行了仿真评估。仿真结果为三维地形技术在实际的模拟器中的应用提供了依据。     

基于随机森林的风洞马赫数预测模型

在风洞试验中,马赫数的稳定性和快速性对风洞流场品质有着重要影响。为了实现马赫数的精确控制,必须对马赫数进行快速、准确的预测。风洞试验积累了大量数据,大数据集包含了更多的有益信息,为实现马赫数的精确预测提拱了可能性,但也增加了建模的复杂度。通常高度复杂的模型会加重其在实际使用时的计算负担。针对大数据集问题,本文将随机森林方法应用于风洞马赫数建模。随机森林是一种集成模型建模方法,它从3方面降低模型的复杂度:产生多个样本子集,减少了子模型的训练样本个数;具有并行集成结构,子模型可在不同的CPU上运行,提高了运行速度;以简单学习算法回归树作为基学习机,降低了子模型的复杂度。试验证明基于随机森林的马赫数预测模型能够有效利用试验积累的大数据,满足工程上预测速度及精度的要求。