大型结构物称重系统测试方法实例应用

大型结构物称重系统是应用在油田码头领域的重要设备,国内还没有成熟的量值溯源方法和测试方法,本文主要介绍了对大型结构物称重系统进行测试的方法,以解决此类设备测试难的问题。结果证明,此称重系统和测试方法有效保证量值准确并具有较高准确度,值得推广。     

一种改进的类DES湍流模拟方法

构造了一种基于一方程S-A(Spalart-Allmaras)模型和一方程Yoshizawa亚格子模型的混合RANS/LES(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large eddy simulation)湍流模拟方法.在涡黏假设的基础上,将Yoshizawa亚格子湍动能方程转化为等效的亚格子湍流涡黏性输运方程,并采用混合函数将其与S-A模型方程进行混合,从而改进了DES(detached eddy simulation)模型的亚格子行为,同时克服了其依靠网格控制模型转换的缺点.模拟了超声速的带斜坡凹腔流动,并与相同网格下的LES及DES结果进行了比较,结果表明该混合RANS/LES方法在远离壁面的自由剪切流区域与LES行为一致,而在附着边界层区域表现优于LES和DES方法.      

三维方柱不可压缩绕流的大涡模拟计算

用非定常不可压缩流动求解方法对三维方柱绕流问题作了大涡模拟计算研究.求解程序采用虚拟压缩方法和双时间步的时间推进方案,对流项的差分采用高阶精度的数值差分格式.通过与实验和文献结果比较分析,验证了基于虚拟压缩方法的湍流大涡模拟计算方案对于复杂的三维钝体绕流计算是可行的.     

航空薄壁板结构高温声疲劳分析

采用解析方法,分析了薄壁板结构在热载荷与噪声联合作用下的响应特性;依据薄板的大挠度非线性理论,采用以基频响应为主的单自由度模型,推导出了具有温度影响的非线性运动方程,并利用等价线性化方法将该方程线性化,在此基础上得出了应力响应的统计特性。     

Effect of vertical plasma transport on ionospheric F2-region parameters at equatorial latitude

The variability of the F2-layer even during magnetically quiet times are fairly complex owing to the effects of plasma transport. The vertical E × B drift velocities (estimated from simplified electron density continuity equation) were used to investigate the seasonal effects of the vertical ion drifts on the bottomside daytime ionospheric parameters over an equatorial latitude in West Africa, Ibadan, Nigeria (Geographic: 7.4°N, 3.9°E, dip angle: 6°S) using 1 year of ionsonde data during International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1958, that correspond to a period of high solar activity for quiet conditions. The variation patterns between the changes of the vertical ion drifts and the ionospheric F2-layer parameters, especially; f_oF₂ and h_mF₂ are seen remarkable. On the other hand, we observed strong anti-correlation between vertical drift velocities and h′F in all the seasons. We found no clear trend between N_mF₂ and h_mF₂ variations. The yearly average value of upward daytime drift at 300 km altitude was a little less than the generally reported magnitude of 20 ms⁻¹ for equatorial F-region in published literature, and the largest upward velocity was roughly 32 ms⁻¹. Our results indicate that vertical plasma drifts; ionospheric F2-layer peak height, and the critical frequency of F2-layer appear to be somewhat interconnected.     

解大规模无约束优化的新有限储存对称秩1校正算法

提出了一个新的有限储存对称秩1校正算法,该算法把自适应调比对称秩1校正与有限储存、非单调线搜索技术相结合。算法中的下降方向由有限储存逆自适应调比对称秩1校正产生从而简化计算。将算法与著名的LBFGS进行了数值比较,结果表明,新算法能较好地解一类大规模无约束优化问题。     

匀速及加速行驶时带后视镜轿车气动噪声的研究

应用计算流体力学软件FLUENT对带后视镜简化直背式轿车外部流场及车外某接收点处的气动噪声进行了数值计算和分析.脉动流场计算采用大涡模拟湍流模型,动量方程的离散格式采用有限中心差分格式.分别对两种匀速运动情况和一种加速运动进行了计算,由此研究不同车速、匀速和加速运动对接收点处脉动流场和气动噪声的影响.对于匀速运动,车速越大,接收点处流速越大,压力越小,脉动压力的脉动幅度越大,在每个频率上所对应的声压级基本上越大,总声压级也越大;在同一行驶速度下,加速运动比匀速运动在接收点处的流速要大,压力要小,在每个频率上所对应的声压级基本上要大,总声压级要大,声压级随频率的变化情况与匀速运动一样.      

一种基于多目标决策的超音速民机方案评价方法

以旅客对于超音速民机的需求为出发点,结合人机环境工程中的人体疲劳概念,采用一种基于多目标决策的超音速民机方案评价方法,对超音速民机方案进行评价。将旅客对于旅行快速性、舒适性和经济性方面的要求作为建模的基本属性,建立旅客出行时对于飞机机型选择的多目标决策模型,从市场需求的角度来论证超音速民机方案的可行性。阐述了该可行性方案研究方法的实现原理及建模步骤,并将方法用于新一代超音速民机的初步方案评价中。     

The dust content of clusters of galaxies

We have statistically investigated the infrared luminosity of clusters of galaxies in comparison with the known tracers of the cluster mass like the X-ray luminosity and the cluster richness (e.g. the number of member galaxies). Our results show that there is a clear positive correlation of the infrared luminosity with the cluster mass. Quantitatively speaking, the infrared luminosity is on average 20 times higher than the X-ray luminosity. Moreover, the infrared luminosity increases with the redshift. This probably shows that a major part of this infrared luminosity is due to star formation in the member galaxies. Another possible contribution would be the thermal emission from dust particles in the diffuse intracluster medium. However our method does not allow us to infer conclusions about this second hypothesis. Depending on their size and abundance, such particles would contribute to the infrared luminosity of galaxy cluster and have an impact on the cooling function of the baryons and thus on the formation of the large scale structures. This is an important cosmological question which still remains open.     

基于多目标进化算法的卫星机动路径规划

建立了带挠性帆板卫星姿态控制问题的多目标优化模型,并基于一种多目标优化精英进化算法,规划卫星姿态机动的最优路径,以进一步提高卫星姿态控制系统的控制性能.仿真结果表明,所提方法只需运行一次,便能够有效地规划出一组多样性较好的非支配路径解,供决策者在不同的工作目标下选择,有效地缓解了卫星快速性、姿态稳定度、卫星机动所激发的帆板低振动强度之间的矛盾.