Deterministic pion and muon transport in Earth’s atmosphere

An accurate understanding of the physical interactions and transport of space radiation is important for safe and efficient space operations. Secondary particles produced by primary particle interactions with intervening materials are an important contribution to radiation risk. Pions are copiously produced in the nuclear interactions typical of space radiations and can therefore be an important contribution to radiation exposure. Charged pions decay almost exclusively to muons. As a consequence, muons must also be considered in space radiation exposure studies. In this work, the NASA space radiation transport code HZETRN has been extended to include the transport of charged pions and muons. The relevant transport equation, solution method, and implemented cross sections are reviewed. Muon production in the Earth’s upper atmosphere is then investigated, and comparisons with recent balloon flight measurements of differential muon flux are presented. Muon production from the updated version of HZETRN is found to match the experimental data well.     

Hard X-ray continuum from lunar surface: Results from High Energy X-ray spectrometer (HEX) onboard Chandrayaan-1

The High Energy X-ray spectrometer (HEX) on Chandrayaan-1 was designed to study the photon emission in the range of 30–270 keV from naturally occurring radioactive decay of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th series nuclides from the lunar surface. The primary objective of HEX was to study the transport of volatiles on the lunar surface using radon as a tracer and mapping the 46.5 keV line from ²¹⁰Pb, a decay product of ²²²Rn. HEX was tested for two days during the commissioning phase of Chandrayaan-1 and performance of all sub systems was found to be as expected. HEX started collecting science data during the first non-prime imaging season (February–April, 2009) of Chandrayaan-1. Certain anomalies persisted in this data set and the early curtailment of Chandrayaan-1 mission in August, 2009, did not allow any further operation of HEX. Despite these issues, HEX provided the first data set for 30–270 keV continuum emission, averaged over a significant portion of the lunar surface, including the polar region.     

大型客机货舱烟雾探测模拟研究

基于火灾动力学模拟器FDS5,本文对大型客机货舱行李着火时烟雾传播和货舱烟雾探测系统的性能进行了模拟,为相关研究机构提供参考。     

一种基于光纤捷联惯性系统大样本统计的参数有效期评估方法

标定参数有效期是武器系统在使用过程中的一项重要指标,传统方法使用单套惯组的多次测试数据来评估标定参数的有效期。但这种抽测方法存在样本较少、耗时长的缺点。为克服以上问题,提出了一种利用正态分布和卡方检验分析多套惯组的单次测试数据来评估标定参数有效期的方法,样本量大、置信度高。用此评估方法对75套光纤惯组单次的测试数据进行统计分析,结果表明标定参数满足有效期要求,证明了本评估技术的有效性、可行性。同时,还分析了部分标定参数误差的漂移机理,为今后设计出长期稳定性更高的光纤惯组提供了理论支撑。     

吸气式高超声速民用运输机概念设计

介绍了高超声速民用运输机的概念设计方案。通过对气动布局、推进系统、全机重量的分配等方面进行初步分析和计算,完成了飞行性能的多轮数值计算,得到了满足初始任务需求的设计方案和飞行轨迹,并形成了快速的概念方案设计方法。     

智能交通系统中车辆调度问题的遗传算法研究

在智能交通系统(ITS, Intellignet Transportation Systems)的各个子系统中,先进的公共交通系统(APTS, Advanced Public Transportation System)具有重要地位和作用,其中车辆调度问题是APTS的关键.为了提高车辆调度的智能化,提出了一种基于遗传算法(GA, Genetic Algorithm)的公交车辆智能调度方法,采用最小费用作为目标函数,考虑了车辆配置、时间、运营效率及资源利用等方面因素,通过选择、交叉及变异等遗传操作,得到了最优的调度排序方案,并对2种交叉方式进行了比较,仿真结果表明,利用GA解决车辆调度问题具有可行性、先进性和快速性.      

功率FET大信号负载牵引测试系统研制

介绍大信号负载牵引测试简况、负载牵引测试的目的和意义、本系统的主要技术指标、技术途径和方案选择、测试软件流程图、测试结果举例，简述本课题的关键技术及主要工作，以及保证测试系统稳定可靠工作所采取的措施。最后进行了误差分析，介绍了应用实例。     

大展弦比飞机变翼展洞壁干扰试验与分析

为了掌握不同马赫数、不同展长条件下大展弦比飞机模型风洞试验壁面压力分布,为高速风洞试验中大展弦比飞机模型展长的设计准则提供依据,设计加工了一套可变翼展大展弦比飞机模型,在2.4 m跨声速风洞中进行了洞壁干扰试验。试验过程中,使用13根壁压管测量了洞壁压力分布,试验马赫数范围0.4～0.86,模型展长与试验段宽度比例为65%～90%。结果显示,大展弦比飞机模型展长超过临界值(70%试验段宽度)后,亚声速范围内洞壁压力会产生突变,跨声速洞壁压力变化不大;大展弦比飞机亚声速风洞试验模型展长必须严格限制,跨声速试验模型展长可适当放宽要求。     

风雨耦合下大型冷却塔流场特性与表面气动力

现行冷却塔结构抗风设计均忽略了降雨带来的影响,但在强风暴雨极端气候条件下,暴雨亦会直接影响塔筒内、外表面气动力并改变脉动风的湍流效应,而传统研究大多仅关注风驱动雨对于结构表面的冲击效应。为解决该问题,以国内已建世界最高220 m大型冷却塔为例,以风-雨双向耦合算法为核心,首先采用计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术对冷却塔周围风场进行数值模拟,并将表面风压分布与规范及实测曲线进行对比验证了风场模拟的有效性;再添加离散相模型(Discrete phase model,DPM)并进行雨滴和风场的同步迭代计算。在此基础上,系统研究了塔筒内外表面风驱雨量、雨滴附加作用力和雨致压力系数等影响规律,揭示了风雨场中塔筒表面速度流线、湍动能强度、雨滴运行速度和轨迹的作用机理。最终提出了基于风雨双向耦合算法的风-雨致等效压力系数新模型及其分布特性。研究结论可为此类冷却塔在极端气候下的表面荷载取值提供参考。