基于正规形法的结冰飞机着陆阶段非线性稳定域

结冰导致飞机飞行包线缩小、对飞行安全产生严重威胁,研究结冰后飞机非线性稳定域对边界保护系统的设计和飞行安全的提高极其重要。以某型运输机为研究对象,考虑飞机非线性气动特性建立飞机纵向非线性模型并进行增稳控制补偿设计;然后通过流形和正规形理论刻画结冰飞机纵向非线性稳定边界并得到稳定边界的解析表达式,通过仿真的手段验证了正规形理论确定的稳定边界和解析表达式的有效性和准确性。最后,分析了飞机着陆过程中,结冰因子对结冰飞机稳定域的影响以及结冰飞机发生事故的机理。研究结果表明,轻度结冰使飞机非线性稳定域缩小;重度结冰导致飞机稳定性发生改变;在未察觉飞机结冰的情况下,飞行员的常规操纵会使飞行状态超出结冰飞机的非线性稳定域、导致飞行事故。研究结果可为飞机结冰后的边界保护提供一定的参考。     

以可靠性为中心的军用运输机维修管理

介绍了以可靠性为中心的维修管理过程及特点，可靠性方案与维修方案的关系，可靠性方案的组成要素、实现方式以及在维修管理中的作用。分析了军用运输机部队制定以可靠性为中心的维修管理方案的必要性和可行性，并提出了制定方案的方法。     

关于航班拒载旅客情况的处理方法探讨

针对民航运输的不正常情况之一———拉下旅客，从提高运输服务质量，减少承运人的经济损失的角度考虑，提出了解决拉下旅客这种问题的一些方法和建议。     

Proton lateral broadening distribution comparisons between GRNTRN,MCNPX, and laboratory beam measurements

Recent developments in NASA’s deterministic High charge (Z) and Energy TRaNsport (HZETRN) code have included lateral broadening of primary ion beams due to small-angle multiple Coulomb scattering, and coupling of the ion-nuclear scattering interactions with energy loss and straggling. This new version of HZETRN is based on Green function methods, called GRNTRN, and is suitable for modeling transport with both space environment and laboratory boundary conditions. Multiple scattering processes are a necessary extension to GRNTRN in order to accurately model ion beam experiments, to simulate the physical and biological-effective radiation dose, and to develop new methods and strategies for light-ion radiation therapy. In this paper we compare GRNTRN simulations of proton lateral broadening distributions with beam measurements taken at Loma Linda University Proton Therapy Facility. The simulated and measured lateral broadening distributions are compared for a 250 MeV proton beam on aluminum, polyethylene, polystyrene, bone substitute, iron, and lead target materials. The GRNTRN results are also compared to simulations from the Monte Carlo MCNPX code for the same projectile-target combinations described above.     

FAR29．785条款追踪分析

主要研究了美国民用航空规章（FAR）——运输类旋翼航空器适航标准第29．785条“座椅、卧铺、担架、安全带和肩带”的适航条款。首先研究了本条款的起源以及后来的发展历程，即历次修正案；同时分析了各次修正案修改的背景修改内容和修改原因。为航空器设计人员提高对航空器适航的认识提供了辅助性资料，使从事适航工作的人员能够更为准确地把握适航条款的本质目标，缩小与世界适航先进水平的差距。     

基于DELMIA的应急疏散模型应用研究

依照CCAR25部的要求并结合某型飞机座舱布局,利用DELMIA系统建立了三维疏散模型并实现了可视化过程仿真,通过对人员疏散行为直观分析并结合人机功效评估,对疏散行为规范、辅助疏散设备和飞机座舱布局以及疏散方案等进行优化设计,确保真实疏散过程中的疏散效率和人员安全。仿真过程与实际情况相似,方法可广泛用于人员应急疏散过程分析研究。     

An improved neutron transport algorithm for HZETRN

Long-term human presence in space requires the inclusion of radiation constraints in mission planning and the design of shielding materials, structures and vehicles. It is necessary to expose the numerical tools commonly used in radiation analyses to extensive verification, validation and uncertainty quantification. In this paper, the numerical error associated with energy discretization in HZETRN is addressed. An inadequate numerical integration scheme in the transport algorithm is shown to produce large errors in the low energy portion of the neutron and light ion fluence spectra. It is further shown that the errors result from the narrow energy domain of the neutron elastic cross section spectral distributions and that an extremely fine energy grid is required to resolve the problem under the current formulation. Since adding a sufficient number of energy points will render the code computationally inefficient, we revisit the light ion and neutron transport theory developed for HZETRN and focus on neutron elastic interactions. Two numerical methods (average value and collocation) are developed to provide adequate resolution in the energy domain and more accurately resolve the neutron elastic interactions. An energy grid convergence study is conducted to demonstrate the improved stability of the new methods. Based on the results of the convergence study and the ease of implementation, the average value method with a 100 point energy grid is found to be suitable for future use in HZETRN.     

The lunar dust pendulum

An analytic model for the motion of a positively charged lunar dust grain in the presence of a shadowed crater at a negative potential in vacuum is presented. It is shown that the dust grain executes oscillatory trajectories, and an expression is derived for the period of oscillation. Simulations used to verify the analytic expression also show that because the trajectories are unstable, dust grains are either ejected from the crater’s vicinity or deposited into the crater forming “dust ponds.” The model also applies to other airless bodies in the solar system, such as asteroids, and predicts that under certain conditions, particularly near lunar sunset, oscillating dust “canopies” or “swarms” will form over negatively charged craters.     

Identifying vital edges in Chinese air route network via memetic algorithm

Due to rapid development in the past decade, air transportation system has attracted considerable research attention from diverse communities. While most of the previous studies focused on airline networks, here we systematically explore the robustness of the Chinese air route network, and identify the vital edges which form the backbone of Chinese air transportation system. Specifically, we employ a memetic algorithm to minimize the network robustness after removing certain edges, and hence the solution of this model is the set of vital edges. Counterintuitively, our results show that the most vital edges are not necessarily the edges of the highest topological importance, for which we provide an extensive explanation from the microscope view. Our findings also offer new insights to understanding and optimizing other real-world network systems.     

一种滤波SST方法在翼型深失速模拟中的应用

 为了提高原始剪切应力输运(SST)湍流模型对于分离流动的求解精度,将大涡模拟(LES)中的滤波因子和SST方程相结合构造出一种滤波SST方法,利用湍流尺度对流场求解区域进行划分,近壁面附近的稳态流动由湍流模型控制,远壁面采用LES方法进行模拟。与传统混合RANS/LES方法相比,该方法的特点是:滤波因子的选取不再依赖于网格尺度,可以有效地降低网格诱导分离现象发生的概率。采用该方法对NACA0021翼型深失速特性进行了仿真研究,对比了非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(URANS)方法和SST-DES方法,从仿真结果可以看出滤波SST方法有效地激活了分离区域的脉动,充分展现了分离的三维特性;同时算例求解结果证明该方法的精度高于URANS方法,与试验结果吻合较好,显示其具有一定的工程应用价值。