启发式算法在大飞机设计中的应用综述

主要介绍了神经网络系统、遗传算法、粒子群算法、模拟退火算法、支持向量机几种启发式优化算法(Heuristic Optimization Algorithm,HOA)在大飞机设计领域的发展和应用现状,对比分析了算法在航空工程设计上的优缺点,展望了启发式算法的发展方向,为大飞机设计提供了宝贵的理论和经验。     

六端口反射计测量复介电常数的改进方法

提出了六端口反射计测量介质材料复介电常数的一种改进方法,新的算法使测量面与参考面分离,消除了传统测量方法中测量面与参考面无法完全重合引入的误差.给出超越方程的简单准确的数值解法,得到了相对介电常数多值间隔与测量频率和样品长度的关系.实际测量结果表明本文方法的有效性和实用性.     

Analysis of the resonance and ways of its elimination at the descent of spacecrafts in the rarefied atmosphere

In this paper uncontrolled motions of blunt-shaped spacecrafts of small elongation descended in the rarefied atmosphere is considered. Such spacecrafts can have three balancing position of a spatial angle of attack. It can result in a resonance at change of a dynamic pressure at the descend. It is shown, that numerical integration of equations of perturbed motion does not allow to receive authentic results because of stochastic character of transients. Procedure of calculation of the upper and lower estimates of parameters of motion with use of received averaged equations and a stability criteria is developed. Efficiency of this procedure is shown on an example of hypothetical spacecraft descent. The analysis of ways of the resonance elimination is executed. In result, analytical formulas for the initial angular velocity of the spacecraft and for spacecraft's geometrical parameters are obtained.     

舰载机惯导系统大方位失准角传递对准建模与仿真

为解决舰载机惯导系统在大方位失准角条件下的初始对准问题,建立舰载机惯导系统传递对准误差模型。该模型通过载舰坐标系与舰载机标称坐标系之间方向余弦矩阵,将载舰坐标系与实际舰载机坐标系之间的大方位失准角问题．转化为舰载机标称坐标系与实际舰载机坐标系间的小方位失准角问题,建立了舰载机传递对准的线性化数学模型,并采用“速度”匹配法建立了传递对准滤波器模型,利用轨迹发生器对模型进行仿真验证。     

A numerical model characterizing internal gravity wave propagation into the upper atmosphere

A new two-dimensional, time-dependent and fully nonlinear model is developed to numerically simulate plane wave motions for internal gravity waves in a non-isothermal and windy atmosphere that accounts for the dissipation due to eddy and molecular processes. The atmosphere has been treated as a well mixed total gas with a constant mean molecular weight. The effects of Rayleigh friction and Newtonian cooling are applied near the upper boundary of the model to simulate the radiation conditions as well as to act as a sponge layer; lateral boundaries are periodic over a horizontal wavelength to simulate a horizontally infinite domain. The thermal excitation to initiate upward propagating waves is spatially localized in the troposphere and is a Gaussian function of time. A time-splitting technique is applied to the finite difference equations that are derived from the Navier–Stokes equations. The time integration for these highly coupled equations is performed using an explicit second order Lax–Wendroff scheme and an implicit Newton–Raphson scheme. The wave solutions derived from the model are found to be broadly agreeable with those derived from a Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin theory.     

无线电引信的电磁脉冲效应

强电磁脉冲对武器装备电子系统具有很强的干扰和破坏作用。通过超宽带电磁脉冲对无线电引信的辐照实验,研究了无线电引信在超宽带电磁脉冲作用下的效应。实验表明：无线电引信在超宽带电磁脉冲照射下,会产生早炸现象。在介绍无线电引信工作原理的基础上,分析了无线电引信产生早炸的原因,得出超宽带电磁脉冲直接作用无线电引信点火电路从而引起旱炸的结论。     

复杂电磁环境模型及仿真框架的构建

分析了战场电磁空间的构成,并用C＋＋类建立了仿真战场空间中某点的电磁基础模型。探讨了在作战仿真中信息对抗仿真的实现方式,提出信息对抗仿真子系统框架的构建方式以及运行流程。对电磁分量在仿真系统内的传输方式和如何仿真信息对抗装备进行了探讨。     

组合服务控制流测试

结合Web服务本体语言(OWL-S,Web Ontology Language for Services)和线性时态逻辑理论(LTL, Linear Temporal Logic),研究用于测试的组合服务流程形式化描述方法和动态测试信息分析方法.将OWL-S作为组合服务的需求参考模型,采用组合服务标准和形式化描述方法相结合的方式,用线性时态逻辑刻画OWL-S控制结构的动态语义,明确地表示出控制结构中各成分的执行顺序.进一步用线性时态逻辑公式集合描述组合服务的控制流需求,从而使原子服务的交互模式有了明确的表示.基于这种交互模式表示,采用LTL在有限状态序列上的语义,对组合服务实现执行过程中获取的动态信息进行分析,测试组合服务实现的执行过程与组合服务控制流需求的一致性.     

圆截面U形管流有限元模拟

弯曲圆管内流动具有很强的工业应用背景,管内二次涡的大小、位置及发生的频率会对流动系统的阻力及热质交换产生重大作用,研究弯曲圆管内的流动具有重要的理论意义.本文应用湍流大涡模拟方法对弯道流动进行了数值模拟.用时间推进法,给出了隐含流线迎风耗散作用的二阶完全展开Taylor-Galerkin有限元离散格式,数值计算的结果与实验结果符合较好.表明大涡模拟方法适用于边界形状复杂,存在各向异性的大尺度涡的流动仿真.     

低速两段翼型的数值模拟

在多段翼型风洞实验中,很难观察翼型不同迎角下主翼、襟翼上的绕流及缝道流动。使用了O-H型混合的结构化网格,采用k-ε二方程湍流模型求解可压的N—S方程来模拟二元风洞中两段翼型的流场。计算结果与实验进行了比较,结果表明：计算与实验结果吻合良好,说明本方法可以较好地模拟两段翼型的绕流,并能很好地显示流场的变化情况。另外,从结果中可以看出：随着迎角的变化,主翼尾流和缝道间的流动对襟翼附面层分离有很大的影响作用。